Years Since Diagnosis Among People Living With Diagnosed HIV in New York City

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492110613
Author(s):  
Qiang Xia ◽  
Lucia V. Torian ◽  
Sarah L. Braunstein ◽  
Oni J. Blackstock
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Surveillance ◽  
Asian Pacific ◽  
Time Since Diagnosis

Antiretroviral treatment has greatly improved the survival of people living with diagnosed HIV (PLWDH), but little information is available on the time since diagnosis among them. Using New York City HIV surveillance data, we described the trend in the number of years since diagnosis among PLWDH during 2010-2019 and reported the mean, median, and interquartile range (IQR) of years since diagnosis among PLWDH in New York City in 2019, overall and by gender, race and ethnicity, and transmission risk. The median number of years since diagnosis among PLWDH in New York City increased from 10.5 years (IQR, 6.3-15.6) in 2010 to 16.3 years (IQR, 8.9-22.1) in 2019. By gender, transgender people had the shortest time since diagnosis, with a median of 11.4 years (IQR, 5.6-17.9), compared with men (median = 15.2 years; IQR, 8.1-21.6) and women (median, 18.5 years; IQR, 12.0-23.0). By race and ethnicity, non-Hispanic White people had been living with the diagnosis for the longest time (median = 17.4 years; IQR, 9.5-23.5), and Asian/Pacific Islander people had been living with the diagnosis for the shortest time (median = 10.1 years; IQR, 4.7-17.0). With an expected and continuing increase in the number of years since HIV diagnosis among PLWDH, programs that provide treatment and support services will need to be expanded, updated, and improved.

Examination of New York City Transit’s Bus and Subway Ridership Trends During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110288
Author(s):  
Anne Halvorsen ◽  
Daniel Wood ◽  
Darian Jefferson ◽  
Timon Stasko ◽  
Jack Hui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
York City ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Partial Data

The New York City metropolitan area was hard hit by COVID-19, and the pandemic brought with it unprecedented challenges for New York City Transit. This paper addresses the techniques used to estimate dramatically changing ridership, at a time when previously dependable sources suddenly became unavailable (e.g., local bus payment data, manual field checks). The paper describes alterations to ridership models, as well as the expanding use of automated passenger counters, including validation of new technology and scaling to account for partial data availability. The paper then examines the trends in subway and bus ridership. Peak periods shifted by both time of day and relative intensity compared with the rest of the day, but not in the same way on weekdays and weekends. On average, trip distances became longer for subway and local bus routes, but overall average bus trip distances decreased owing to a drop in express bus usage. Subway ridership changes were compared with neighborhood demographic statistics and numerous correlations were identified, including with employment, income, and race and ethnicity. Other factors, such as the presence of hospitals, were not found to be significant.

Linkage to Care After HIV Diagnosis in New York City

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. e18-e21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Xia ◽  
Yaoyu Zhong ◽  
Ellen W. Wiewel ◽  
Sarah L. Braunstein ◽  
Lucia V. Torian
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis

scholarly journals 1346. Ruling out TB in New York City: Are Two NAATs (Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing) Enough?

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S487-S488
Author(s):  
William G Greendyke ◽  
Janett Pike ◽  
Lilibeth V Andrada ◽  
Krystal Balzer ◽  
Thelesha Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
York City ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing ◽  
Smear Negative

Abstract Background Prompt diagnosis of pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection can prevent nosocomial exposure. However, sputum smears are insensitive, and turnaround time for cultures can take weeks. Rapid diagnostics, such as nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT), on respiratory specimens of patients suspected to have TB can improve diagnostic accuracy. Current practice at our institution is to obtain ≥ 3 NAATs in high-risk patients prior to discontinuing airborne isolation, but some studies have suggested that 2 negative NAATs may be sufficient. We conducted a retrospective study of patients at our institution diagnosed with TB. Methods The study was conducted at an academic adult hospital, an academic pediatric hospital, and a community hospital in New York City. Line lists of positive cultures for TB and positive NAATs from 2014 to mid-2018 were obtained from microbiology. Chart review was performed. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and radiographic findings were collected. Concordance between culture results and NAATs was evaluated. Incidence of inpatient TB exposure was noted. Results 82 cases of TB were found in the study period (see Figure 1). 45 cases were new inpatient diagnoses of pulmonary TB. The most common presenting symptoms were cough (69%), weight loss (49%), and fever (42%, see Table 1). 38/45 (84%) of patients were originally from a country other than the United States. 43/45 (96%) of patients had abnormal lung imaging. Cavitary disease was seen in 29%; other upper lobe disease was seen in 42%. Among smear-negative pulmonary TB cases, NAAT was positive in 11/16 (69%) of patients. Within this subgroup, the sensitivity of one NAAT was 41% when compared with culture. In smear-negative, NAAT-positive patients, NAATs were fully concordant with cultures in 4/11 patients (36%, see Table 2). The median number of positive NAATs was 1; the median number of positive cultures was 2. Five patients with pulmonary TB had negative NAATs altogether (median = 3); 2/5 resulted in TB exposure investigations after airborne precautions were discontinued following NAAT results. Overall, 13/45 (28%) of new diagnoses resulted in an exposure investigation. Conclusion Obtaining ≥ 3 NAATs in patients suspected of pulmonary TB improved diagnostic accuracy compared with obtaining 2 or fewer. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Cancer Mortality among Persons with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in New York City, 2001–2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S58-S58
Author(s):  
Chitra Ramaswamy ◽  
Emily Westheimer ◽  
Sarah Braunstein
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
York City ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background With the prolonged life-span of persons with HIV (PWH) due to anti-retroviral therapy, their cancer burden has increased. Cancer continues to be a leading cause of death among PWH. Studying cancer mortality can inform and guide the development of cancer screening and prevention strategies for PWH. Methods We analyzed data for all persons > = 13 years who were diagnosed with HIV from 2001 to 2015 and reported to the New York City (NYC) HIV surveillance registry (HSR). Using the HSR and the underlying cause of death obtained from the NYC vital statistics registry and the National Death Index, we examined age-specific and age-standardized mortality rates from cancer and compared time trends of deaths due to HIV-related8 cancer to deaths from non-HIV-related cancers. Results There were 34,190 deaths reported among 154,688 PWH of whom nearly half (n = 16,804; 49.1%) died due to HIV (excluding HIV-related cancers). Among all deaths, HIV was the leading cause, followed by cancer (both HIV and non-HIV-related) (n = 5,271; 15.4%) and cardiovascular disease (n = 3,724, 10.9%). The top three causes of non-HIV-related cancer deaths were lung cancer (n = 1,040; 19.7%), liver cancer (n = 552; 10.5%), and colorectal cancer (n = 315; 5.6%). Although the mortality rate among PWH decreased over time (24.4 to 13.9 per 1,000 person-years from 2001 to 2015), the proportion of deaths attributable to all cancers increased (10.6% in 2001 to 19.9% in 2015, p < .0001). This increase was driven by non-HIV-related cancers (6.1% of all deaths in 2001 to 15.8% in 2015, p < .0001). The mean age increased from 2001 to 2015 among the dead (46 to 56 years) and among the censored (35 to 49 years). After controlling for demographic factors, transmission risk, and last CD4 count, the hazard ratio for cancer deaths was higher among people who inject drugs (HR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.4–1.7) and those with last CD4 count < 200 (HR = 9.3; 95% CI = 8.3–10.5). Conclusion Although mortality rates are decreasing in PWH, deaths due to non-HIV-related cancers are increasing. The upward trend in the mean age suggests that aging may be contributing to this increase. Routine screening for liver and colon cancers along with smoking cessation may reduce lung, liver and colon cancer deaths. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals “Like a ticking time bomb”: the persistence of trauma in the HIV diagnosis experience among black men who have sex with men in New York City

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofole Mgbako ◽  
Ellen Benoit ◽  
Nishanth S. Iyengar ◽  
Christopher Kuhner ◽  
Dustin Brinker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Black Men ◽  
York City ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals New York City HIV Care Continuum Dashboards: Using Surveillance Data to Improve HIV Care Among People Living With HIV in New York City (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L Braunstein ◽  
Karen Coeytaux ◽  
Charulata J Sabharwal ◽  
Qiang Xia ◽  
Rebekkah S Robbins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Care Continuum ◽  
Viral Load Suppression ◽  
Care Continuum ◽  
Hiv Surveillance

BACKGROUND HIV surveillance data can be used to improve patient outcomes. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe and present findings from the HIV care continuum dashboards (CCDs) initiative, which uses surveillance data to quantify and track outcomes for HIV patients at major clinical institutions in New York City. METHODS HIV surveillance data collected since 2011 were used to provide high-volume New York City clinical facilities with their performance on two key outcomes: linkage to care (LTC), among patients newly diagnosed with HIV and viral load suppression (VLS), among patients in HIV care. RESULTS The initiative included 21 facilities covering 33.78% (1135/3360) of new HIV diagnoses and 46.34% (28,405/61,298) of patients in HIV care in New York City in 2011 and was extended to a total of 47 sites covering 44.23% (1008/2279) of new diagnoses and 69.59% (43,897/63,083) of New York City patients in care in 2016. Since feedback of outcomes to providers began, aggregate LTC has improved by 1 percentage point and VLS by 16 percentage points. CONCLUSIONS Disseminating information on key facility–level HIV outcomes promotes collaboration between public health and the clinical community to end the HIV epidemic. Similar initiatives can be adopted by other jurisdictions with mature surveillance systems and supportive laws and policies.

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