scholarly journals Onychophagia as a clinical symptom: A pilot study of physicians and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 003685042110502
Author(s):  
Sigita Lesinskiene ◽  
Kamile Pociute ◽  
Asta Dervinyte-Bongarzoni ◽  
Odeta Kinciniene
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Nail Biting ◽  
Nail Polish ◽  
Points Of View

Although onychophagia is a medical condition and is associated with poorer health, there are no guidelines for assessment or treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical aspects of nail biting from doctors’ points of view, to estimate the prevalence of onychophagia among physicians, and to review the literature on and treatment methods for onychophagia. Twenty-four percent of doctors reported nail-biting periods during their lifetimes, and 2% of them remained active nail biters. A total of 64.4% of doctors see nail biting in their practices, and 60.6% never or only on request ask patients about nail biting and examine their nails. Family doctors and pediatricians ask their patients about nail biting most often. Attitudes and opinions on the treatment of nail biting are undefined and vary. Doctors reported usually treating nail-biting patients by referring them to another specialist or offering special nail polish. There is a need to improve physicians’ knowledge of nail-biting treatment methods, but a lack of studies evaluating the clinical aspects of onychophagia and its relation to mental health and emotion dysregulation. Further research is needed. Clinical attitudes toward nail biting could be more precise in training and medical practice.

scholarly journals Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of dialectical behaviour therapy skills groups for Veterans with suicidal ideation: pilot

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 616-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne E. Decker ◽  
Lynette Adams ◽  
Laura E. Watkins ◽  
Lauren M. Sippel ◽  
Jennifer Presnall-Shvorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Coping Skills ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Dialectical Behaviour Therapy

AbstractBackground:Veterans are at high risk for suicide; emotion dysregulation may confer additional risk. Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is a well-supported intervention for suicide attempt reduction in individuals with emotion dysregulation, but is complex and multi-component. The skills group component of DBT (DBT-SG) has been associated with reduced suicidal ideation and emotion dysregulation. DBT-SG for Veterans at risk for suicide has not been studied.Aims:This study sought to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of DBT-SG in Veterans and to gather preliminary evidence for its efficacy in reducing suicidal ideation and emotion dysregulation and increasing coping skills.Method:Veterans with suicidal ideation and emotion dysregulation (N = 17) enrolled in an uncontrolled pilot study of a 26-week DBT-SG as an adjunct to mental health care-as-usual.Results:Veterans attended an average 66% of DBT-SG sessions. Both Veterans and their primary mental health providers believed DBT-SG promoted Veterans’ use of coping skills to reduce suicide risk, and they were satisfied with the treatment. Paired sample t-tests comparing baseline scores with later scores indicated suicidal ideation and emotion dysregulation decreased at post-treatment (d = 1.88, 2.75, respectively) and stayed reduced at 3-month follow-up (d = 2.08, 2.59, respectively). Likewise, skillful coping increased at post-treatment (d = 0.85) and was maintained at follow-up (d = 0.91).Conclusions:An uncontrolled pilot study indicated DBT-SG was feasible, acceptable, and demonstrated potential efficacy in reducing suicidal ideation and emotion dysregulation among Veterans. A randomized controlled study of DBT-SG with Veterans at risk for suicide is warranted.

Trauma Treatment Needs Assessment and Rural Mental Health: A Pilot Study

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Janie Pinterits ◽  
Theresa E. Magelky ◽  
Gunjani Patel Stamp ◽  
Anne Schaffenhauser ◽  
Sarah Szerlong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Needs Assessment ◽  
Rural Mental Health ◽  
Trauma Treatment ◽  
Treatment Needs

scholarly journals Brief Behavioural Activation (Brief BA) for Adolescent Depression: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Pass ◽  
Carl W. Lejuez ◽  
Shirley Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Behavioural Activation ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
The Uk

Background: Depression in adolescence is a common and serious mental health problem. In the UK, access to evidence-based psychological treatments is limited, and training and employing therapists to deliver these is expensive. Brief behavioural activation for the treatment of depression (BATD) has great potential for use with adolescents and to be delivered by a range of healthcare professionals, but there is limited empirical investigation with this group. Aims: To adapt BATD for depressed adolescents (Brief BA) and conduct a pilot study to assess feasibility, acceptability and clinical effectiveness. Method: Twenty depressed adolescents referred to the local NHS Child and Adolescent Mental Health service (CAMHs) were offered eight sessions of Brief BA followed by a review around one month later. Self- and parent-reported routine outcome measures (ROMs) were collected at every session. Results: Nineteen of the 20 young people fully engaged with the treatment and all reported finding some aspect of Brief BA helpful. Thirteen (65%) required no further psychological intervention following Brief BA, and both young people and parents reported high levels of acceptability and satisfaction with the approach. The pre–post effect size of Brief BA treatment was large. Conclusions: Brief BA is a promising innovation in the treatment of adolescent depression. This approach requires further evaluation to establish effectiveness and cost effectiveness compared with existing evidence-based treatments for adolescent depression. Other questions concern the effectiveness of delivery in other settings and when delivered by a range of professionals.

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