Effect on Blood Pressure of Changing from High to Low Dose Steroid Preparations in Women with Oral Contraceptive Induced Hypertension

1982 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Weir
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Significant Fall ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
One Year

Thirty women with hypertension induced by oral contraceptives containing 50 μg oestrogen and 1 to 4 mg. progestagen showed a marked significant fall in blood pressure when given either (a) a combination of 30 μg ethinyloestradiol with 150 to 250 μg levonorgestrel or (b) 350 μg norethisterone alone. One year after changing to either of these low dose preparations blood pressure had not fully returned to pre-oral contraceptive levels.

A comparison of the natriuretic/diuretic effects of rat vs. human leptin in the rat

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (5) ◽  
pp. F761-F765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin K. Jackson ◽  
William A. Herzer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Renal Excretion ◽  
Excretion Rate ◽  
Measured Parameter ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Selective Force ◽  
Induced Hypertension

Intrarenal artery infusions of low-dose human, but not mouse, leptin cause diuresis/natriuresis in rats [E. K. Jackson and P. Li. Am. J. Physiol. 272 ( Renal Physiol. 41): F333–F338, 1997]. The lack of effect of mouse leptin in the rat could be due to slight differences in the primary structure of mouse vs. rat leptin. To test this hypothesis, we infused single doses of rat (0.1, 0.3, 1, or 3 μg/min) or human (3 μg/min) leptin into the renal artery of rats for 140 min while continuously measuring blood pressure and the renal excretion rate of urine and electrolytes. Intrarenal infusions of rat leptin did not alter any measured parameter. Human leptin caused a delayed diuresis/natriuresis ( P < 0.0006 and P < 0.0049, respectively) that required ∼2 h to achieve a maximum effect and that was not accompanied by changes in blood pressure or potassium excretion. We conclude that low-dose human, but not low-dose rodent, leptin has direct diuretic/natriuretic activity. Our results can be explained from an evolutionary perspective, since obesity-induced hypertension would be a much greater selective force in hominids compared with rodents.

Metabolic profile of a continuous versus a cyclic low-dose combined oral contraceptive after one year of use

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandana Rad ◽  
Cornelis Kluft ◽  
Marieke L. de Kam ◽  
Piet Meijer ◽  
Adam F. Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive ◽  
One Year

▾Mercilon - a new low-dose combined oral contraceptive

1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (13) ◽  
pp. 51-52
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive

Mercilon (Organon) is a new combined oral contraceptive “developed with the mature pill user in mind”. Each tablet contains ethinyloestradiol 20µg + desogestrel 150µg. It is a lower dose version of Marvelon (ethinyloestradiol 30µg + desogestrel 150µg),1 which is intended for younger women, and like Marvelon contains the highly selective progestagen desogestrel, which is said to be more progestagenic and less androgenic than other commonly used progestagens.2 Like other monophasic combined oral contraceptives, Mercilon is taken daily for 21 days, followed by a 7-day break.

Oral contraceptives and the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage

Neurology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Claiborne Johnston ◽  
John M. Colford ◽  
Daryl R. Gress
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Use ◽  
Study Results

Objective: The objective of this study is to estimate the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage produced by oral contraceptive use.Methods: Studies published since 1960 were identified using MEDLINE, Cumulated Index Medicus, Dissertation Abstracts On-line, and bibliographies of pertinent articles. Two independent reviewers screened published cohort and case-control studies that evaluated the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with oral contraceptives. Eleven of 21 pertinent studies met predefined quality criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Relative risk(RR) estimations evaluating subarachnoid hemorrhage risk in oral contraceptive users compared with nonusers were extracted from each study by two independent reviewers. Study heterogeneity was assessed by design type, outcome measure(mortality versus incidence), exposure measure (current versus ever use), prevailing estrogen dose used, and control for smoking and hypertension.Results: The overall summary RR of subarachnoid hemorrhage due to oral contraceptive use was 1.42 (95% CI, 1.12 to 1.80; p = 0.004). When the two study results failing to control for smoking were excluded from the analysis, a slightly greater effect was seen, with an RR of 1.55 (95% CI, 1.26 to 1.91;p < 0.0001). In the six studies controlling for smoking and hypertension the RR was 1.49 (95% CI, 1.20 to 1.85;p = 0.0003). High-estrogen oral contraceptives appeared to impart a greater risk than low-dose preparations in studies controlling for smoking, but the difference was not significant (high-dose RR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.06 to 3.56; low-dose RR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.18 to 1.92).Conclusions: This meta-analysis of observational studies suggests that oral contraceptive use produces a small increase in the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

scholarly journals Effect of low dose combined oral contraceptives on prothrombin time

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhayr E Alqaysi ◽  
Zainab M Jasem ◽  
Zeana A Ali ◽  
Hiba R Behayaa ◽  
Saba A Almunaeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Dose Combination ◽  
Healthy Females

A 35 females used low dose combination oral contraceptive were enrolled in addition to 20 age matched healthy females included as a healthy control group.PT was estimated in plasma of all subjects.It was found significantly prolonged PT in users when compared with nonusers,and the results indicated prolong PT in the first 2 years of drug used and the alteration of PT disappear with continuous used. The results demonstrated the effect of low dose combination oral contraceptives on PT.

EFFECTS OF COMBINED AND LOW-DOSE GESTAGEN ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES ON PLASMA LIPIDS; INCLUDING INDIVIDUAL PHOSPHOLIPIDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Larsson-Cohn ◽  
R. Berlin ◽  
O. Vikrot
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Chlormadinone Acetate ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Combined Drugs ◽  
Testosterone Derivative

ABSTRACT Free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides (TG), total and free cholesterol, total phospholipids and the individual phospholipids lysolecithin, sphingomyelin, lecithin and cephalin were determined in four groups of women, each consisting of nine or ten subjects. The determinations were performed before treatment and about every third month during one year of medication. Two combined drugs, Anconcene® (Chlormadinone acetate = CMA, 3 mg + mestranol 0.1 mg) and Conluten® (Norethindrone = NET, 2 mg + mestranol 0.1 mg) and two low-dose gestagen drugs, CMA 0.5 mg and NET 0.4 mg were used. FFA decreased in the Anconcene group. TG increased among those taking Anconcene, Conluten and NET. Slight increases of cholesterol were noted in the two groups taking combined drugs. Total phospholipids were increased in the Anconcene group and the Conluten group. Among the individual phospholipids, changes appeared similar to those found during pregnancy. They were most pronounced in the Anconcene group. It seems that it is the oestrogenic component of the combined drugs that is responsible for many of the alterations. It is suggested that the testosterone derivative NET but not the progesterone derivative CMA may have anti-oestrogenic effect in this connection.

Low-dose oral contraceptives and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure

1997 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Cardoso ◽  
J Polónia ◽  
A Santos ◽  
J Silva-Carvalho ◽  
J Ferreira-de-Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dose Oral

scholarly journals Comparison between methyldopa and combination of methyldopa and nifedipine in terms of mean change in blood pressure in pregnancy induced hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1703-1705
Author(s):  
Bilqees Akhtar Malik ◽  
Shahzad Bashir Momina ◽  
Tazeen Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective: Comparison between Methyldopa and combination of Methyldopa and Nifedipine in terms of mean change in blood pressure in pregnancy induced hypertension. Material and methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Combined Military Hospital Bahawalpur from February 2020 to August 2020 over the period of 6 months. Total 80 patients with pregnancy induced hypertension as per operational definition having age 20-40 years and having gestational age ≥ 20 weeks assessed on LMP were selected. Results: Mean age of the patients was 30.81 ± 5.670 years, mean age of patients of group A was 31.50 ± 5.809 years and mean age of group B was 30.13 ± 5.515 years. Mean gestational age was 30.17 ± 5.981 weeks, mean gestational age of patients of group A was 29.70 ± 6.329 weeks and mean gestational age of patients of group B was 30.65 ± 5.65 weeks. In group A, mean diastolic blood pressure was decrease from 101.2250 ± 4.97938 to 84.5000 ± 3.26599 and in group B from 107.7750 ± 7.18434 to 82.5000 ± 2.25320. Comparison of mean decrease in diastolic blood pressure between group A (High dose Methyldopa) and group B (Low dose Low dose Methyldopa with Nifedipine) was done. Mean decrease in diastolic blood pressure in group A was 16.72 ± 3.935 and in group B was 25.28 ± 6.876. Statistically significant difference of mean decrease in diastolic blood pressure between the both groups was noted with p value 0.000. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that Low dose Methyldopa with Nifedipine combination is more effective as compared to High dose Methyldopa to reduce diastolic blood pressure in pregnant women suffering from pregnancy induced hypertension. Keywords: Diastolic blood pressure, Methyldopa, Nifedipine, Pregnancy induced hypertension, Systolic blood pressure

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