Evaluation of Formalin Preserved Allogeneic Bone Graft as a Grafting Material

Formalin preserved allogeneic (FPA) bone graft was used in 18 patients with benign bone cavities, nine patients with malignant bone cavities, 12 patients with atrophic nonunion of fractures, seven with gap nonunion and 18 with comminuted fractures. The benign bone cavities were obliterated in 20 weeks and malignant cavities in 24 weeks. Union was obtained in atrophic ununited fractures in 29 weeks, in gap nonunion in 40 weeks and in comminuted fractures in 27 weeks. FPA is a simple, inexpensive and easily available alternative to autologous bone and to deep frozen bone in filling bone defects and enhancing fracture union.

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Role of Autologous Bone Graft in the Surgical Treatment of Atrophic Nonunion of Midshaft Clavicular Fractures

Orthopedics ◽

10.3928/01477447-20120123-16 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Hui-Kuang Huang ◽

Chao-Ching Chiang ◽

Yu-Ping Su ◽

Chi-Kuang Feng ◽

Fang-Yao Chiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surgical Treatment ◽

Bone Graft ◽

Autologous Bone Graft ◽

Autologous Bone ◽

Atrophic Nonunion

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Reconstruction of the glenoid using autologous bone-graft and the SMR Axioma TT metal-backed prosthesis

The Bone & Joint Journal ◽

10.1302/0301-620x.100b12.bjj-2018-0494.r1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 100-B (12) ◽

pp. 1609-1617 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. M. Malhas ◽

J. Granville-Chapman ◽

P. M. Robinson ◽

S. Brookes-Fazakerley ◽

M. Walton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Graft ◽

Reliable Method ◽

Titanium Surface ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Autologous Bone Graft ◽

Short Term ◽

Bone Deficiency ◽

Autologous Bone ◽

Shoulder Arthroplasties

Aims We present our experience of using a metal-backed prosthesis and autologous bone graft to treat gross glenoid bone deficiency. Patients and Methods A prospective cohort study of the first 45 shoulder arthroplasties using the SMR Axioma Trabecular Titanium (TT) metal-backed glenoid with autologous bone graft. Between May 2013 and December 2014, 45 shoulder arthroplasties were carried out in 44 patients with a mean age of 64 years (35 to 89). The indications were 23 complex primary arthroplasties, 12 to revise a hemiarthroplasty or resurfacing, five for aseptic loosening of the glenoid, and five for infection. Results Of the 45 patients, 16 had anatomical shoulder arthroplasties (ASA) and 29 had reverse shoulder arthroplasties (RSA). Postoperatively, 43/45 patients had a CT scan. In 41 of 43 patients (95%), the glenoid peg achieved > 50% integration. In 40 of 43 cases (93%), the graft was fully or partially integrated. There were seven revisions (16%) but only four (9%) required a change of baseplate. Four (25%) of the 16 ASAs were revised for instability or cuff failure. At two-year radiological follow-up, five of the 41 cases (11%) showed some evidence of lucent lines. Conclusion The use of a metal baseplate with a trabecular titanium surface in conjunction with autologous bone graft is a reliable method of addressing glenoid bone defects in primary and revision RSA setting in the short term. ASAs have a higher rate of complications with this technique.

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Surgical management of large segmental femoral and radial bone defects in a dog

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.3415/vcot-09-04-0047 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 23 (01) ◽

pp. 66-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. Shani ◽

U. Segal

Keyword(s):

Bone Graft ◽

Cancellous Bone ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Radiographic Examination ◽

Cancellous Bone Graft ◽

Titanium Mesh ◽

Titanium Mesh Cage ◽

Titanium Cage ◽

Mesh Cage ◽

Comminuted Fractures

SummaryIn this case report, we describe the use of a cylindrical titanium mesh cage combined with cancellous bone graft to surgically manage large segmental bone defects in a dog. A seven-year-old, neutered male cross-breed dog, with highly comminuted fractures of the right femur and the left radius and ulna, was referred for treatment. Previous open reduction and internal fixation of these fractures had failed. Following implant removal and debridement of each bone, a 71 mm segmental femoral defect and a 27 mm segmental radial defect were present. A commercially available cylindrical titanium mesh cage was filled with ß-tricalcium phosphate crystals mixed with an equal volume of autogenous cancellous bone graft. The mesh cage was aligned with the proximal and distal parts of each bone using an intramedullary pin passing through the cage, and a locking plate was applied to the proximal and distal fracture fragments to produce compression against the titanium cage. The dog had a successful long-term clinical outcome, and radiographic examination at 22 and 63 weeks after surgery showed the formation of remodelling bridging callus that was continuous across the titanium cage in each of the fractures. Due to the relative simplicity of the technique and the favourable outcome in this case, it should be considered an option when managing comminuted fractures with large bone defects.

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Low Dose BMP2-Doped Calcium Phosphate Graft Promotes Bone Defect Healing in a Large Animal Model

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology ◽

10.3389/fcell.2020.613891 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Tie Liu ◽

Wen Fang ◽

Gang Wu ◽

Yining Li ◽

Janak L. Pathak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Graft ◽

Bone Defect ◽

Low Dose ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Autologous Bone Graft ◽

Large Animal Model ◽

Large Animal ◽

Defect Healing ◽

Bone Defect Healing ◽

Autologous Bone

Background: Bone grafts are in high demand due to the increase in the cases of bone defects mainly caused by trauma, old age, and disease-related bone damages. Tissue-engineered calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials match the major inorganic contents of bone, thereby could be the potential bone graft substitute. However, CaP-bone grafts lack the osteoinductivity that is vital for effective bone regeneration. In this study, we aimed to test the bone defect healing potential of biomimetically fabricated low dose BMP2-doped CaP (BMP2.BioCaP) grafts in a large animal model.Methods: Low dose BMP2 was doped internally (BMP2-int.BioCaP) or on the surface of CaP (BMP2-sur.BioCaP) grafts during the fabrication process. Our previous study showed the robust bone regenerative potential of BMP2-int.BioCaP and BMP2-sur.BioCaP grafts in the rat ectopic model. In this study, we investigated the bone defect healing potential of BMP2.BioCaP grafts in sheep humerus/femoral defects, as well as compared with that of autologous bone graft and clinically used deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) xenograft.Results: Different ways of BMP2 doping did not affect the surface morphology and degradation properties of the graft materials. Micro-CT and histology results showed robustly higher bone defect-healing potential of the BMP2.BioCaP grafts compared to clinically used DBB grafts. The bone defect healing potential of BMP2.BioCaP grafts was as effective as that of the autologous bone graft. Although, BMP2-int.BioCaP doped half the amount of BMP2 compared to BMP2-sur.BioCaP, its' bone defect healing potential was even robust. The BMP2.BioCaP grafts showed less immunogenicity compared to BioCaP or DBB grafts. The volume density of blood vessel-like and bone marrow-like structures in both BMP2.BioCaP graft groups were in a similar extent to the autologous group. Meticulous observation of higher magnification histological images showed active bone regeneration and remodeling during bone defect healing in BMP2.BioCaP graft groups.Conclusion: The robust bone regenerative potential of BMP2.BioCaP grafts in the ectopic model and in-situ bone defects in small and large animals warrant the pre-clinical studies on large animal critical-sized segmental bone defects.

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In vivo experimental study of the arterial supply of the rabbit posterior limb

The Moldovan Medical Journal ◽

10.52418/moldovan-med-j.64-6.21.05 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 64 (6) ◽

pp. 26-32

Author(s):

Elena Pavlovschi ◽

◽

Alina Stoian ◽

Grigore Verega ◽

Viorel Nacu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Graft ◽

Contrast Material ◽

Rabbit Model ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Allogeneic Bone ◽

Posterior Limb ◽

Circumflex Femoral Artery ◽

Bone Segment ◽

Massive Bone

Background: The use of bone graft has been a successful step in the treatment of a large number of diseases of the osteoarticular system. But a massive bone defect remains a dilemma for modern reconstructive surgery. Present methods used have a high level of morbidity and complication. Literature indicates the absence of an optimal solution in massive bone defects healing. The aim of this study: to perform an in vivo preliminary study of vascularization of the hind limb in the rabbit model, for obtaining a graft able for further inclusion in the host blood circulation, without immunosuppression by decellularization. Material and methods: The study was performed on the 12 laboratory rabbits. After euthanasia of the rabbit, the femoral and tibiofibular bone was collected without soft tissue, only with the vascular pedicle, and keeping the passage through the vessels. In the abdominal aorta was injected contrast material, with the subsequent preparation of the arterial vessels, succeeded by anatomical, morphological, radiography, and microangiography study of this vascularized bone segment. Results: The principal nutrient artery of the rabbit femur springs from the lateral circumflex femoral artery. The optimal segment for vascularized allografting (the rabbit model) was determined the upper third of the femur with the up to the level of the internal iliac artery. So, it could be used as a bone graft for further conservation and decellularization. Conclusions: The vascularized allogeneic bone without immunosuppression would be a perfect alternative in the treatment of the massive bone defects.

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