Alcohol Policy Issues for Indigenous People in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie Brady
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
National Governments

This paper reviews the literature on alcohol consumption, alcohol-related problems, and national and local policy issues for indigenous people in four developed countries (United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand). The growth of domestic self-determination and self-management policies within these countries has had an impact on the relationships between these groups and their national governments, which raises a number of questions regarding the influence of national alcohol policies on indigenous citizens. National “native” policies as well as discriminatory alcohol prohibitions have had long-standing effects, influencing indigenous responses to contemporary interventions in alcohol misuse. While national alcohol policies have had mixed impact, indigenous groups have focused on their own attempts at control, which emphasize local controls over supply; these are particularly prevalent in the far north of Canada and in Australia. Local control policies have been well evaluated in Australia, providing an evidence-based grounding for further interventions.

scholarly journals Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Ziming Xuan ◽  
Jason G. Blanchette ◽  
Toben F. Nelson ◽  
Timothy C. Heeren ◽  
Thien H. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Lower State ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Alcohol Impaired Driving

Xuan, Z., Blanchette, J., Nelson, T., Heeren, T., Nguyen, T., & Naimi, T. (2015). Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 4(2), 119-130. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v4i2.205Aims: To test the hypotheses that stronger policy environments are associated with less impaired driving and that driving-orientedand drinking-oriented policy subgroups are independently associated with impaired driving.Design: State-level data on 29 policies in 50 states from 2001-2009 were used as lagged exposures in generalized linearregression models to predict self-reported impaired driving.Setting: Fifty United States and Washington, D.C.Participants: A total of 1,292,245 adults (≥ 18 years old) biennially from 2002–2010.Measures: Alcohol Policy Scale scores representing the alcohol policy environment were created by summing policies weightedby their efficacy and degree of implementation by state-year. Past-30-day alcohol-impaired driving from 2002–2010 wasobtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys.Findings: Higher Alcohol Policy Scale scores are strongly associated with lower state-level prevalence and individual-level risk of impaired driving. After accounting for driving-oriented policies, drinking-oriented policies had a robust independent association with reduced likelihood of impaired driving. Reduced binge drinking mediates the relationship between drinking-oriented policies and impaired driving, and driving-oriented policies reduce the likelihood of impaired driving among binge drinkers.Conclusions: Efforts to reduce alcohol-impaired driving should focus on reducing excessive drinking in addition to preventing driving among those who are impaired.

Indigenous London

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coll Thrush ◽  
Kate Shanley ◽  
Ned Blackhawk
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Urban Culture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prisoner Of War ◽  
Indigenous Children ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The City

This book provides an imaginative retelling of London's history, framed through the experiences of Indigenous travelers who came to the city over the course of more than five centuries. London is famed both as the ancient center of a former empire and as a modern metropolis of bewildering complexity and diversity. This book offers an imaginative vision of the city's past crafted from an almost entirely new perspective: that of Indigenous children, women, and men who traveled there, willingly or otherwise, from territories that became Canada, New Zealand, Australia, and the United States, beginning in the sixteenth century. They included captives and diplomats, missionaries and shamans, poets and performers. Some, like the Powhatan noblewoman Pocahontas, are familiar; others, like an Odawa boy held as a prisoner of war, have almost been lost to history. In drawing together their stories and their diverse experiences with a changing urban culture, the book also illustrates how London learned to be a global, imperial city and how Indigenous people were central to that process.

Aboriginal Reconciliation: An Historical Perspective

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
The United States ◽  
English Reader ◽  
Normal Part ◽  
Indian Tribes ◽  
The 19Th Century

Today if someone mentions the word ‘treaty’ in the Aboriginal context, the usual next question is ‘Why a treaty?’ The educated English reader of the 19th Century press would have been more likely to ask the opposite question ‘Why not a treaty?’ Treaties with the indigenous people were a normal part of the colonising process. Treaties were concluded by the British in New Zealand, and with many Indian tribes in Canada and the United States.

scholarly journals Virtual Care for Indigenous Populations in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat Camp ◽  
Mirha Girt ◽  
Alix Wells ◽  
Adeeb Malas ◽  
Maryke Peter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Virtual Care ◽  
Full Text Screening

BACKGROUND Indigenous people in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand experience an increased burden of chronic diseases compared to non-Indigenous people in these countries. Lack of necessary services and culturally relevant care for Indigenous people contributes to this burden. Many Indigenous communities have implemented systems, such as virtual care, to improve chronic disease management. Virtual care has extended beyond videoconferencing to include more advanced technologies, such as remote biometric monitoring devices. However, given the historical and ongoing Western intrusion into Indigenous day to day life, these technologies may seem more invasive and thus require additional research on their acceptability and utility within Indigenous populations. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to present the protocol for a scoping review, which aims to map existing evidence. This study is based on the following guiding research question: What are the characteristics of virtual care use by Indigenous adult populations in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand? The subquestions are related to the technology used, health conditions and nature of the virtual care, cultural safety, and key concepts for effective use. METHODS This scoping review protocol is informed by the methodology described by the Joanna Briggs Institute and is supplemented by the frameworks proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and Levac et al. A search for published and gray literature, written in English, and published between 2000 and present will be completed utilizing electronic databases and search engines, including MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Indigenous Peoples of North America, Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet, Informit, and Native Health Database. Search results will be uploaded to the review software, Covidence, for title and abstract screening before full-text screening begins. This process will be repeated for gray literature. Upon completion, a data abstraction tool will organize the relevant information into categorical formations. RESULTS The search strategy has been confirmed, and the screening of titles and abstracts is underway. As of October 2020, we have identified over 300 articles for full-text screening. CONCLUSIONS Previous reviews have addressed virtual care within Indigenous communities. However, new virtual care technologies have since emerged; subsequently, additional literature has been published. Mapping and synthesizing this literature will inform new directions for research and discussion. CLINICALTRIAL INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT PRR1-10.2196/21860

scholarly journals Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziming Xuan ◽  
Jason G. Blanchette ◽  
Toben F. Nelson ◽  
Timothy C. Heeren ◽  
Thien H. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Lower State ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Alcohol Impaired Driving

Xuan, Z., Blanchette, J., Nelson, T., Heeren, T., Nguyen, T., & Naimi, T. (2015). Alcohol policies and impaired driving in the United States: Effects of driving- vs. drinking-oriented policies. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 4(2), 119-130. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v4i2.205Aims: To test the hypotheses that stronger policy environments are associated with less impaired driving and that driving-orientedand drinking-oriented policy subgroups are independently associated with impaired driving.Design: State-level data on 29 policies in 50 states from 2001-2009 were used as lagged exposures in generalized linearregression models to predict self-reported impaired driving.Setting: Fifty United States and Washington, D.C.Participants: A total of 1,292,245 adults (≥ 18 years old) biennially from 2002–2010.Measures: Alcohol Policy Scale scores representing the alcohol policy environment were created by summing policies weightedby their efficacy and degree of implementation by state-year. Past-30-day alcohol-impaired driving from 2002–2010 wasobtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys.Findings: Higher Alcohol Policy Scale scores are strongly associated with lower state-level prevalence and individual-level risk of impaired driving. After accounting for driving-oriented policies, drinking-oriented policies had a robust independent association with reduced likelihood of impaired driving. Reduced binge drinking mediates the relationship between drinking-oriented policies and impaired driving, and driving-oriented policies reduce the likelihood of impaired driving among binge drinkers.Conclusions: Efforts to reduce alcohol-impaired driving should focus on reducing excessive drinking in addition to preventing driving among those who are impaired.

scholarly journals Virtual Care for Indigenous Populations in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand: Protocol for a Scoping Review

10.2196/21860 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e21860
Author(s):  
Pat Camp ◽  
Mirha Girt ◽  
Alix Wells ◽  
Adeeb Malas ◽  
Maryke Peter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Virtual Care ◽  
Full Text Screening

Background Indigenous people in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand experience an increased burden of chronic diseases compared to non-Indigenous people in these countries. Lack of necessary services and culturally relevant care for Indigenous people contributes to this burden. Many Indigenous communities have implemented systems, such as virtual care, to improve chronic disease management. Virtual care has extended beyond videoconferencing to include more advanced technologies, such as remote biometric monitoring devices. However, given the historical and ongoing Western intrusion into Indigenous day to day life, these technologies may seem more invasive and thus require additional research on their acceptability and utility within Indigenous populations. Objective The objective of this paper is to present the protocol for a scoping review, which aims to map existing evidence. This study is based on the following guiding research question: What are the characteristics of virtual care use by Indigenous adult populations in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand? The subquestions are related to the technology used, health conditions and nature of the virtual care, cultural safety, and key concepts for effective use. Methods This scoping review protocol is informed by the methodology described by the Joanna Briggs Institute and is supplemented by the frameworks proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and Levac et al. A search for published and gray literature, written in English, and published between 2000 and present will be completed utilizing electronic databases and search engines, including MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Indigenous Peoples of North America, Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet, Informit, and Native Health Database. Search results will be uploaded to the review software, Covidence, for title and abstract screening before full-text screening begins. This process will be repeated for gray literature. Upon completion, a data abstraction tool will organize the relevant information into categorical formations. Results The search strategy has been confirmed, and the screening of titles and abstracts is underway. As of October 2020, we have identified over 300 articles for full-text screening. Conclusions Previous reviews have addressed virtual care within Indigenous communities. However, new virtual care technologies have since emerged; subsequently, additional literature has been published. Mapping and synthesizing this literature will inform new directions for research and discussion. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/21860

scholarly journals Indigenous people in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States are less likely to receive renal transplantation

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Yeates ◽  
Alan Cass ◽  
Thomas D. Sequist ◽  
Stephen P. McDonald ◽  
Meg J. Jardine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
The United States ◽  
To Receive

Education Inspectorate Systems in New Zealand and the Netherlands

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen F. Ladd
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Inspection ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Inspection Systems ◽  
Student Test

The United States is an outlier with respect to its heavy emphasis on student test scores for the purposes of school accountability. Many other countries instead use school inspection systems that pay more attention to a school's internal processes and practices. This policy note focuses on the school inspection systems of New Zealand and the Netherlands, with the goal of drawing lessons for the United States. It addresses three main policy issues: For what should individual schools be held accountable? Should inspectors be more like coaches or more like judges? And how independent should they be of policy-making bodies?

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