Review Essay : RUSSIAN URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND THE "MYTH" OF BACKWARDNESS THOMAS FEDOR. Patterns of Urban Growth in the Russian Empire during the Nineteenth Century. (Research paper—University of Chicago Department of Geography, no. 163), 1975. Pp. xxv, 225, maps, tables, appendices, resumé in Russian. GILBERT ROZMAN. Urban Networks in Russia, 1750-1800, and Pre-modern Periodization. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976. Pp. x, 315, maps, tables, index. $16.50

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Miller
1977 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
J. H. Bater ◽  
Thomas S. Fedor ◽  
Gilbert Rozman

1977 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Jordan A. Hodgkins ◽  
Thomas Stanley Fedor ◽  
Michael F. Hamm

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-2) ◽  
pp. 176-184
Author(s):  
Dmitry Nechevin ◽  
Leonard Kolodkin

The article is devoted to the prerequisites of the reforms of the Russian Empire of the sixties of the nineteenth century, their features, contradictions: the imperial status of foreign policy and the lagging behind the countries of Western Europe in special political, economic relations. The authors studied the activities of reformers and the nobility on the peasant question, as well as legitimate conservatism.


2021 ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
I. K. Shcherbakova

The article analyses the features of the development of agriculture in Russia at the end of the 19th century - the beginning of the 20th century. The paper studies and considers attempts to solve the agrarian issue in the specified period. The study considers the course and results of the reform of 1861, as well as economic reforms of the beginning of the 20th century. The author gives an assessment of these reforms, as well as the situation of the peasantry made by the leading economists of that time: N.D. Kondrat'ev, S.L. Maslov, A.V. Peshekhonov, A.V. Chayanov, and also analyses the measures aimed at alleviating the situation of the peasantry and solving the agrarian problems of that period. The research paper also presents a comparative analysis of the consequences of the 1861 reform, its impact on the solution of the agrarian issue in different parts of the Russian Empire, in particular in Poland after the Polish Uprising of 1863.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Ainur Elmgren

Visual stereotypes constitute a set of tropes through which the Other is described and depicted to anaudience, who perhaps never will encounter the individuals that those tropes purport to represent.Upon the arrival of Muslim Tatar traders in Finland in the late nineteenth century, newspapers andsatirical journals utilized visual stereotypes to identify the new arrivals and draw demarcation linesbetween them and what was considered “Finnish”. The Tatars arrived during a time of tension inthe relationship between the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland and the Russian Empire, withthe Finnish intelligentsia divided along political and language lines. Stereotypical images of Tatarpedlars were used as insults against political opponents within Finland and as covert criticism ofthe policies of the Russian Empire. Stereotypes about ethnic and religious minorities like the Tatarsfulfilled a political need for substitute enemy images; after Finland became independent in 1917,these visual stereotypes almost disappeared.


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