scholarly journals Measuring the Quality of Regional Innovation Systems: A Knowledge Production Function Approach

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Fritsch

In the modern world, socio-economic and political leadership of a country is based on the generation of new knowledge, its commercialization and use in all areas of human activity, it being an important prerequisite for improving the competitiveness of the state. To achieve this goal, individual elements of the national innovation system including the main components of the innovation infrastructure are being formed in many constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The article discusses an important component of the industrial and technological innovation infrastructure - technology parks. The dynamics of technology parks development in Russia since 1990, their functions, specialization and efficiency of functioning are revealed. The conclusion is made about how the increasing number of technology parks influences on socio-economic and innovative development of the regions in Russia. Further development of regional innovation systems based on the development of technology parks in the field of high technologies is associated with the development of effective marketing mechanisms for the commercialization of innovations, improving the quality of education and its focus on innovation issues. The applied focus of scientific research should be accompanied by the diversification of the innovation-technological complex in accordance with the priority directions of technological development of regions and country. The results of the research can be used by decision makers to substantiate the diversification of regional innovation systems in accordance with the priority directions of the technological development of the country.


2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
SRI HERY SUSILOWATI ◽  
NETTI TINAPRILLA

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Upaya pengembangan usaha tani tebu masih terkendala bukan<br />hanya oleh ketersediaan lahan namun juga oleh aspek teknis budidaya<br />usaha tani (penggunaan bibit unggul, pemupukan, aspek kelembagaan,<br />dan sebagainya). Selain melalui fasilitasi perluasan lahan, strategi<br />pengembangan  tebu  harus  disertai  dengan  upaya  peningkatan<br />produktivitas, yaitu melalui peningkatan efisiensi usaha tani tebu, atau<br />dengan kata lain bagaimana meningkatkan output maksimum melalui<br />pengelolaan sumberdaya serta teknologi yang ada. Tujuan penelitian<br />adalah untuk menganalisis efisiensi usaha tani tebu dan menentukan<br />faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi inefisiensi usaha tani tebu. Data yang<br />digunakan adalah data survei PATANAS (Panel Petani Nasional) oleh<br />Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian di Kabupaten Malang<br />dan Lumajang, Jawa Timur tahun 2009. Jumlah contoh sebanyak 132<br />rumah tangga yang dipilih secara acak. Analisis menggunakan stochastic<br />frontier production function approach dengan fungsi produksi Stochastic<br />Frontier Cobb Douglas yang diolah menggunakan program Frontier 4.1.<br />Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai indeks efisiensi teknis dikategorikan<br />belum efisien dengan rata-rata efisiensi sebesar 0,672. Variabel akses<br />lahan oleh petani merupakan faktor yang paling penting dan responsif<br />dalam mempengaruhi produksi tebu. Kebijakan pengembangan usaha<br />tani tebu untuk meningkatkan efisiensi usaha tani adalah melalui<br />peningkatan akses lahan, kualitas bibit yang dipakai, dan ketersediaan<br />sarana produksi.<br />Kata kunci : efisiensi teknis, usaha tani tebu, stochastic frontier<br />production function</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Improving sugar cane farming is still constrained by not only land<br />availability but also technical aspects such as quality of seed, fertilization,<br />institution, etc., so that development strategy to improve sugar cane<br />farming should be conducted by facilitating extensification and<br />increasing productivity and technical efficiency, or in other word<br />increasing maximum output through resource management and<br />technology. The aim of this study was to analyze technical efficieny of<br />sugar cane farming and to identify determinant factors influencing the<br />efficieny of sugar cane farming. This study used PATANAS data survey<br />which was conducted by Indonesian Center for Agriculture Socio<br />Economic and Policy Study (ICASEPS) in Malang and Lumajang<br />Regency, East Java Province in the years of 2009. The 132 samplies of<br />sugarcane household were chosen randomly in the year 2009. Data were<br />analysed using stochastic frontier production function approach with<br />Stochastic Frontier Cobb Douglas using frontier 4.1. programme. The<br />result of this study showed that sugar cane farming in East Java was<br />technically not efficient with the index value of 0.672. Among variables<br />that significantly influenced sugarcane production, land access by<br />farmers was an essential factor to improve production. Policy implication<br />for developing sugar cane farming to improve technical efficiency is by<br />increasing land access, quality of seed, and production factor availability.<br />Key words : technical efficiency, sugarcane farming, stochastic<br />frontier production function</p>


2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 231-254
Author(s):  
Mie Jung Kim ◽  
Chae,Dae-Seok

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