Olfactory and Gustatory Functions after Anterior Palatoplasty in Patients with Primary Snoring

OBJECTIVE: Review long-term results of the modified cautery-assisted palatoplasty (mod CAPSO)/anterior palatoplasty for the treatment of mild-moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective series of 77 patients. All patients were >18 years old, type I Fujita, body mass index (BMI) < 33, Friedman clinical stage II, with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) from 1.0 to 30.0. The mean follow-up time was 33.5 months. The procedure involved an anterior soft palatal advancement technique with or without removal of the tonsils. The procedure was done under general or local anesthesia. RESULTS: There were 69 men and eight women; the mean age was 39.3 years old; and mean BMI was 24.9 (range 20.7–26.8). There were 38 snorers and 39 OSA patients. The AHI improved in patients with OSA, 25.3 ± 12.6 to 11.0 ± 9.9 ( P < 0.05). The overall success rate for this OSA group was 71.8 percent (at mean 33.5 months). The mean snore scores (visual analog score) improved from 8.4 to 2.5 (for all 77 patients). Lowest oxygen saturation also improved in all OSA patients. Subjectively, all patients felt less tired. CONCLUSION: This technique has been shown to be effective in the management of patients with snoring and mild-moderate OSA.

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HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME, PRIMARY SNORING AND ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus Medical series ◽

10.29235/1814-6023-2018-15-3-286-292 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 286-292

Author(s):

A. Bulgak ◽

E. Tarasik

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Sinus Node ◽

Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Primary Snoring ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

The Impact

The purpose of our study is to assess the impact of cardiac arrhythmias, heart rhythm variability in patients with ischemic heart disease, obstructive sleep apnea and primary snoring. 65 patients at an age of 40–68 years with ischemic heart disease, obstructive sleep apnea and primary snoring were researched.Obstructive sleep apnea and primary snoring lead to an increase in the sympathetic and parasympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system on the sinus node in patients with ischemic heart disease, obstructive sleep apnea and primary snoring.

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Energy Conversion Monitoring in Skin Tissue: A More Sensitive Measure of Hypoxia Occurring With Sleep Disordered Breathing Than Pulse Oximetry

10.20944/preprints201903.0087.v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Guy M. Hatch ◽

Liza Ashbrook ◽

Aric A. Prather ◽

Andrew D. Krystal

Keyword(s):

Pulse Oximetry ◽

Energy Conversion ◽

Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽

Skin Tissue ◽

Current Standard ◽

Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽

Primary Snoring ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Disordered Breathing

Pulse oximetry is the current standard for detecting drops in arterial blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) associated with obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea events in polysomnographic (PSG) testing. In cases of hypoxic challenge, such as occurs during apneic events, regulatory mechanisms restrict blood flow to the skin to preferentially maintain SpO2 for more vital organs. As a result, a measure related to skin tissue oxygenation is likely to be more sensitive to inadequate breathing during sleep than pulse oximetry. Energy Conversion Monitoring (ECM) provides a method for measuring skin tissue oxygen-dependent energy conversion and, as such, is promising for more sensitively detecting sleep disordered breathing (SDB) events compared to pulse oximetry. We hypothesized that ECM would detect hypoxia occurring with SDB events associated with drops in SpO2 but also would detect hypoxic challenge occurring with SDB events not associated with drops in SpO2 (hypopneas defined by a drop in nasal pressure occurring in conjunction with an arousal, respiratory-related arousals, and primary snoring). Primary snoring is of particular interest with respect to the potential of ECM because it is statistically associated with co-morbidities of SDB, such as hypertension, but is not considered pathological because of the lack of a proximal measure of pathology occurring with PSG. In this article we review ECM technology and methodology, present preliminary data indicating that it detects hypoxia occurring in the skin during SDB events that is not detected as blood desaturation by pulse oximetry, and make the case that it is a promising tool for identifying pathology occurring at the mild end of the SDB spectrum.

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H3K23/H3K36 hypoacetylation and HDAC1 up-regulation are associated with adverse consequences in obstructive sleep apnea patients

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-00052-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yung-Che Chen ◽

Po-Yuan Hsu ◽

Chien-Hung Chin ◽

Chang-Chun Hsiao ◽

Chia-Wei Liou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Gene Promoter ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Primary Snoring ◽

Obstructive Sleep

AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine the roles of global histone acetylation (Ac)/methylation (me), their modifying enzymes, and gene-specific histone enrichment in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Global histone modifications, and their modifying enzyme expressions were assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 56 patients with OSA and 16 matched subjects with primary snoring (PS). HIF-1α gene promoter-specific H3K36Ac enrichment was assessed in another cohort (28 OSA, 8 PS). Both global histone H3K23Ac and H3K36Ac expressions were decreased in OSA patients versus PS subjects. H3K23Ac expressions were further decreased in OSA patients with prevalent hypertension. HDAC1 expressions were higher in OSA patients, especially in those with excessive daytime sleepiness, and reduced after more than 6 months of continuous positive airway pressure treatment. H3K79me3 expression was increased in those with high C-reactive protein levels. Decreased KDM6B protein expressions were noted in those with a high hypoxic load, and associated with a higher risk for incident cardiovascular events or hypertension. HIF-1α gene promoter-specific H3K36Ac enrichment was decreased in OSA patients versus PS subjects. In vitro intermittent hypoxia with re-oxygenation stimuli resulted in HDAC1 over-expression and HIF-1α gene promoter-specific H3K36Ac under-expression, while HDAC1 inhibitor, SAHA, reversed oxidative stress through inhibiting NOX1. In conclusions, H3K23/H3K36 hypoacetylation is associated with the development of hypertension and disease severity in sleep-disordered breathing patients, probably through up-regulation of HDAC1, while H3K79 hypermethylation is associated with higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, probably through down-regulation of KDM6B.

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