Case–Control Study of Epidemic Mortality and Cardicola forsteri–Associated Disease in Farmed Southern Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) of South Australia

An epidemiological investigation and a retrospective case-control study were conducted into an outbreak of Salmonella Havana in alfalfa sprouts, in Adelaide, Australia. In total, 31 cases of S. Havana were notified during June and July 2018 and linked to the outbreak. Eighteen cases and 54 unmatched controls were included in a case-control study. Results from the case-control study indicated an increased risk of illness linked to the consumption of alfalfa sprouts; this was supported by trace-back, sampling and environmental investigations. This outbreak of S. Havana was caused by consumption of alfalfa sprouts from one local sprouts producer. It is unclear as to when in the production of alfalfa sprouts the contamination occurred. However, contaminated seeds and poor pest control are the most likely causes. This investigation highlights the importance of ensuring that producers take appropriate action to minimise the likelihood of contamination and to comply with legislation and standards for primary production and food safety.

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Temporomandibular disorders in patients with mandibular fractures: a preliminary comparative case–control study between South Australia and Oman

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.ijom.2011.04.021 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 40 (12) ◽

pp. 1369-1372 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A. Al-Hashmi ◽

A. Al-Azri ◽

M. Al-Ismaily ◽

A.N. Goss

Keyword(s):

Temporomandibular Disorders ◽

Case Control Study ◽

South Australia ◽

Case Control ◽

Mandibular Fractures ◽

Control Study

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Cryptosporidial diarrhoea in South Australia An exploratory case‐control study of risk factors for transmission

The Medical Journal of Australia ◽

10.5694/j.1326-5377.1993.tb137540.x ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 158 (2) ◽

pp. 117-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Philip Weinstein ◽

Merridie Macaitis ◽

Carolyn Walker ◽

Scott Cameron

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

South Australia ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Study

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Does using potting mix make you sick? Results from a Legionella longbeachae case-control study in South Australia

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s095026880600656x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 135 (1) ◽

pp. 34-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

B. A. O'CONNOR ◽

J. CARMAN ◽

K. ECKERT ◽

G. TUCKER ◽

R. GIVNEY ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

South Australia ◽

Case Control ◽

Hand Washing ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Modes Of Transmission ◽

Telephone Interviews ◽

Underlying Illness ◽

Control Study

A case-control study was performed in South Australia to determine if L. longbeachae infection was associated with recent handling of commercial potting mix and to examine possible modes of transmission. Twenty-five laboratory-confirmed cases and 75 matched controls were enrolled between April 1997 and March 1999. Information on underlying illness, smoking, gardening exposures and behaviours was obtained by telephone interviews. Recent use of potting mix was associated with illness (OR 4·74, 95% CI 1·65–13·55, P=0·004) in bivariate analysis only. Better predictors of illness in multivariate analysis included poor hand-washing practices after gardening, long-term smoking and being near dripping hanging flower pots. Awareness of a possible health risk with potting mix protected against illness. Results are consistent with inhalation and ingestion as possible modes of transmission. Exposure to aerosolized organisms and poor gardening hygiene may be important predisposing factors to L. longbeachae infection.

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