scholarly journals Congenital Ocular Abnormalities in Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorelei L. Clarke ◽  
Kevin D. Niedringhaus ◽  
K. Paige Carmichael ◽  
M. Kevin Keel ◽  
Heather Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Congenital Cataracts ◽  
Ocular Abnormalities ◽  
Anterior Segment Dysgenesis ◽  
Spatiotemporal Clustering ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Free Ranging

Congenital ocular abnormalities in cervids have been previously reported as individual cases from various regions of the United States and include microphthalmia, anophthalmia, congenital cataracts, dermoids, and colobomata. A common underlying cause for these abnormalities, such as nutritional deficiencies, environmental toxin exposures, or genetic mutations, has not been established. This retrospective study summarized and compared cases of suspected congenital ocular abnormalities in free-ranging white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus) submitted to the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study (SCWDS) in Athens, Georgia, to the preexisting literature. Of 3645 accessions of white-tailed deer submitted to SCWDS, 15 qualifying case records were found. An additional 15 cases were reported previously in the literature. Conditions described in SCWDS cases included microphthalmia (8/15), congenital cataracts (3/15), anophthalmia (2/15), colobomata (1/15), anterior segment dysgenesis (1/15), ectopic lacrimal gland tissue (1/15), and congenital blindness with corneal opacity (1/15). Most (11/15; 73%) of the SCWDS cases were male fawns with an average age of 4 months at presentation, consistent with previously described cases. Most animals had bilateral abnormalities with few extraocular congenital abnormalities, also consistent with existing reports. Cases were variably tested for various infectious agents at the time of submission; 2 cases were seropositive for bluetongue virus. Spatiotemporal clustering of cases was not evident. This study provided a concise and systematic summary of known existing cases of congenital ocular defects in fawns but did not identify a cause.

Working conditions and occupational risks of anterior eye pathology in metalworking machine operators

2020 ◽  
pp. 462-467
Author(s):  
N. I. Latyshevskaya ◽  
M. A. Alborova ◽  
L. A. Davydenko ◽  
A. V. Belyaevа
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Visual Organ

Introduction. The profession of “machine operator in metalworking”, one of the most common professions in various industries, characterized by a large volume of abrasive operations, accompanied by dust formation, which creates a potential for the occurrence of diseases of the visual organ.The aim of the study is to provide a hygienic assessment of working conditions and occupational risk of visual organ pathology in metalworking machine operators.Materials and methods. Observation groups — machine operators for metalworking of two training groups (experience up to 5 years, experience of 6–20 years). Two comparison groups (administrative and technical personnel of the enterprise) are formed according to the same age-experience principle.Results. The working conditions of machine operators were classified as class 3.2. taking into account the severity and intensity of the work process and the noise level (80 dBA) in the workplace. Nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, and manganese were registered in the air of the working area in concentrations below the permissible concentration (PC), and the aerosol dihydroxide was registered above the PC in 25.8% of cases. In the main working groups, diseases of the anterior segment of the eye were more often registered, among which dry eye syndrome (DYS) prevailed (94.1%), chronic blepharoconjunctivitis (79.9%), persistent corneal opacification (21.7%). There was an increase in the prevalence of detected diseases with an increase in work experience (p≤0.05). In machine operators, the frequency of inhibition of lacrimal formation and decreased stability of the tear film was recorded significantly more often, with increasing work experience, the degree of violation of lacrimal formation and stability of the tear film increased. The chances of detecting pathology of the anterior segment of the eye in machine operators are 5.9 and 3.5 times higher than in the comparison group. There are different forces of connection, increasing with the increase of work experience in the profession, between the working conditions of machine operators and the occurrence of SHG (relatively strong), with chronic blepharoconjunctivitis and persistent corneal opacity (medium strength), which suggests the professional conditionality of this pathology.Conclusions. The results obtained suggest that the pathology of the anterior segment of the eye is professionally conditioned in metalworking machine operators and necessitate the introduction of preventive measures aimed at protecting the visual organ.

Autosomal dominant brachydactyly, coloboma and anterior segment dysgenesis

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Quinn ◽  
G.C.M. Black ◽  
S. Biswas ◽  
J. Clayton-Smith ◽  
I.C. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Anterior Segment Dysgenesis

Corneal Coloboma, Aphakia and Retinal Neovascularization with Anterior Segment Dysgenesis (Peters’ Anomaly)

1996 ◽  
Vol 210 (6) ◽  
pp. 361-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlise A. Gunderson ◽  
Robert Stone ◽  
Robert Peiffer ◽  
Sharon Freedman
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Retinal Neovascularization ◽  
Anterior Segment Dysgenesis ◽  
Peters Anomaly

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Sixteen Citrus Genotypes to ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1080-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg McCollum ◽  
Mark Hilf ◽  
Mike Irey ◽  
Weiqi Luo ◽  
Tim Gottwald
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Citrus Germplasm ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Citrus Macrophylla ◽  
Free Ranging

Huanglongbing (HLB) disease is the most serious threat to citrus production worldwide and, in the last decade, has devastated the Florida citrus industry. In the United States, HLB is associated with the phloem-limited α-proteobacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ and its insect vector, the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP; Diaphorina citri). Significant effort is being put forth to develop novel citrus germplasm that has a lower propensity to succumb to HLB than do currently available varieties. Effective methods of screening citrus germplasm for susceptibility to HLB are essential. In this study, we exposed small, grafted trees of 16 citrus types to free-ranging ACP vectors and ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ inoculum in the greenhouse. During 45 weeks of exposure to ACP, the cumulative incidence of ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ infection was 70%. Trees of Citrus macrophylla and C. medica were most susceptible to ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’, with 100% infection by the end of the test period in three trials, while the complex genetic hybrids ‘US 1-4-59’ and ‘Fallglo’ consistently were least susceptible, with approximately 30% infection. Results obtained in this greenhouse experiment showed good agreement with trends observed in the orchard, supporting the validity of our approach for screening citrus germplasm for susceptibility to HLB.

scholarly journals Hand-held optical coherence tomography imaging in children with anterior segment dysgenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 537-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia V. Pilat ◽  
Viral Sheth ◽  
Ravi Purohit ◽  
Frank A. Proudlock ◽  
Samira Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Tomography Imaging ◽  
Anterior Segment Dysgenesis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging

Visual System Screening in Infants and Young Children

1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
J. Allen Gammon
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Visual Development ◽  
Congenital Glaucoma ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Congenital Cataracts ◽  
Ocular Abnormalities ◽  
Corneal Opacities ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Many abnormalities of the visual system in infants and young children respond to treatment when instituted at an early age. Ocular abnormalities that require early recognition and therapy include congenital cataracts, congenital glaucoma, intraocular tumors, intraocular inflammation, large errors of refraction, strabismus, and corneal opacities (Figs 1 to 6). The visual prognosis for children with these problems is often directly related to early detection and treatment of the visual disorder. Visual deprivation of young laboratory animals can permanently damage their developing central nervous system. Diseases once believed hopeless, such as monocular congenital cataracts, can now be treated.1 Technologic advances, such as extended-wear contact lenses which are useful for infants who have had cataract surgery during the first few weeks of life, have facilitated visual rehabilitation of young eyes. Corneal opacities, complete ptosis, prolonged patching, and eyelid or orbit abnormalities such as large hemangiomas can cause amblyopia if the vision is obstructed. Even brief occlusion can result in irreversible amblyopia during the early months of life.2 Unilateral disruptions of vision are generally more damaging to the eye than are bilateral ocular abnormalities. Each of the young child's eyes must enjoy a clear, focused retinal image for visual development to progress normally. Early diagnosis and treatment of congenital glaucoma is important so that intraocular pressure can be lowered, thereby, avoiding irreversible anatomic damage to the eye.

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