AbstractDengue is known to exhibit focal clustering at the level of the household and neighbourhood, driven by local mosquito population dynamics, human population immunity, and fine scale human and mosquito movement. We tested the hypothesis that spatiotemporal clustering of homotypic dengue cases is disrupted by introduction of the arbovirus-blocking bacterium Wolbachia (wMel-strain) into the Aedes aegypti mosquito population in a randomized controlled trial in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. We analysed 318 serotyped dengue cases and 5,921 test-negative controls with geolocated residence enrolled over 27 months following randomized wMel deployments. We find evidence of spatial dependence up to 300m among the 265 dengue cases (3,083 controls) detected in the untreated trial arm. Spatial dependence is strongest within 50m, with a 4.7-fold increase (compared to 95% CI on permutation-based null distribution: 0.1, 1.2) in the odds that a pair of individuals enrolled within 30 days and 50m of each other are homotypic dengue cases compared to pairs occurring at any distance. We find no evidence of spatial dependence among the 53 dengue cases (2,838 controls) detected in the wMel-treated arm. This provides compelling evidence that introgression of wMel Wolbachia into Aedes aegypti mosquito populations interrupts focal dengue virus transmission, leading to reduced case incidence.