The Impact of Juvenile Educational Measures, Confinement Centers, and Probation on Adult Recidivism

This study aimed to examine the impact of the educational measure of confinement in juvenile detention center versus probation, on adult recidivism. Participants were 264 youths with a disciplinary record in the Juvenile Court ( M = 16.5), who were sentenced to custody in a juvenile closed detention center or to probation. The risk levels were assessed using the YLS/CMI Inventory (Youth Level of Service/Case Management). A follow-up period for studying these two groups into adulthood was carried out to register possible adult recidivism. The results showed that probation was more effective in reducing subsequent adult offences than the deprivation of liberty. The variable risk level also appears to be a significant factor, improving the predictive model of adult recidivism.

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Prediction of Recidivism With the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (Reduced Version) in a Sample of Young Spanish Offenders

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology ◽

10.1177/0306624x17741250 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (11) ◽

pp. 3562-3580 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Keren Cuervo ◽

Lidón Villanueva

Keyword(s):

Case Management ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Juvenile Court ◽

Criminal Career ◽

Risk Scores ◽

Level Of Service ◽

Total Risk ◽

Recidivism Prediction ◽

Life Course Persistent

Intervention in youth recidivism is critical in helping prevent young people from continuing their criminal career into adulthood, on a life-course-persistent trajectory. Andrews and Bonta attempt to provide an explanation of risk and protective factors using a conversion of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI), which predicts recidivism. In this study, scores have been obtained from 382 adolescents ( M age = 16.33 years) from the juvenile court, to check the ability of a reduced version of the YLS/CMI, to predict recidivism. The outcome variables for recidivism were examined in the 2-year follow-up period, after their first assessment in the court. The risk factors showed good levels of recidivism prediction. Recidivists obtained significant higher mean total risk scores than nonrecidivists in the reduced ( M = 6.54, SD = 2.44; M = 3.66, SD = 2.85), with areas under the curve (AUCs) ranging from .601 to .857. The factors that emerged as the most discriminative were education/employment, criminal friends, and personality. All the protective factors differentiated between recidivists and nonrecidivists. The results, therefore, showed that this reduced version would be capable of predicting youth recidivism in a reliable way.

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Beta Rasa: Emotion Regulation Program to Reduce Young Offenders Anxiety in LPKA Kupang

Gadjah Mada Journal of Professional Psychology (GamaJPP) ◽

10.22146/gamajpp.58623 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Juliana Marlin Y Benu ◽

Rizky Pradita Manafe ◽

Engelina Nabuasa

Keyword(s):

Emotional Regulation ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Juvenile Detention ◽

Young Offenders ◽

Detention Center ◽

Rehabilitation Process ◽

Juvenile Detention Center ◽

The Impact ◽

Analyze Data

. Anxiety is one of the emotional problems experienced by young offenders in LPKA (Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak/Juvenile Detention Center) Kupang and this condition has a negative impact on their rehabilitation process. The condition requires psychological intervention. This research aimed to understand the impact of the Beta Rasa Program in reducing anxiety. Beta Rasa Program focuses on improving young offender’s emotional regulation ability. This research was a quasi-experiment with one group pretest-posttest design. In total, there were 20 young offenders participating in this program for 4 sessions. Paired sample t-test was used to analyze data in this research. Young offender’s anxiety was measured by Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The research showed a significant decrease in young offenders’ anxiety (t = 2.116, p = 0.02) after they joined Beta Rasa Program. The effect size of this program was 0.41. The result indicates that Beta Rasa Program has a moderate effect to reduce anxiety.

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Applying the risk principle to optimize accuracy and equity in correctional risk assessment: Results From a Simulation

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology ◽

10.1177/0306624x20986523 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0306624X2098652

Author(s):

Grant Duwe

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Predictive Accuracy ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Simulated Data ◽

Risk Assessments ◽

Risk Level ◽

Risk Levels ◽

Risk Principle ◽

Changes In Risk ◽

The Impact

As the use of risk assessments for correctional populations has grown, so has concern that these instruments exacerbate existing racial and ethnic disparities. While much of the attention arising from this concern has focused on how algorithms are designed, relatively little consideration has been given to how risk assessments are used. To this end, the present study tests whether application of the risk principle would help preserve predictive accuracy while, at the same time, mitigate disparities. Using a sample of 9,529 inmates released from Minnesota prisons who had been assessed multiple times during their confinement on a fully-automated risk assessment, this study relies on both actual and simulated data to examine the impact of program assignment decisions on changes in risk level from intake to release. The findings showed that while the risk principle was used in practice to some extent, the simulated results showed that greater adherence to the risk principle would increase reductions in risk levels and minimize the disparities observed at intake. The simulated data further revealed the most favorable outcomes would be achieved by not only applying the risk principle, but also by expanding program capacity for the higher-risk inmates in order to adequately reduce their risk.

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Reliability and Validity Analyses of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory

Criminal Justice and Behavior ◽

10.1177/0093854804274373 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 329-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

Fred Schmidt ◽

Robert D. Hoge ◽

Lezlie Gomes

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Offenders ◽

Case Management ◽

Interrater Reliability ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Level Of Service ◽

Risk Level ◽

Criminogenic Needs ◽

Health Assessments ◽

Males And Females

The Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) is a structured assessment tool designed to facilitate the effective intervention and rehabilitation of juvenile offenders by assessing each youth’s risk level and criminogenic needs. The present study examined the YLS/CMI’s reliability and validity in a sample of 107 juvenile offenders who were court-referred for mental health assessments. Results demonstrated the YLS/CMI’s internal consistency and interrater reliability. Moreover, the instrument’s predictive validity was substantiated on a number of recidivism measures for both males and females. Limitations of the current findings are discussed.

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Facial Emotion Recognition and Empathy in Employees at a Juvenile Detention Center

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology ◽

10.1177/0306624x17721518 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (8) ◽

pp. 2430-2446 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Luz Anyela Morales Quintero ◽

Jairo Muñoz-Delgado ◽

José Carlos Sánchez-Ferrer ◽

Ana Fresán ◽

Martin Brüne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Offenders ◽

Emotion Recognition ◽

Juvenile Detention ◽

Facial Emotion Recognition ◽

Facial Emotion ◽

Independent Effect ◽

Detention Center ◽

Security Guards ◽

Juvenile Detention Center ◽

Violent Offenses

Numerous studies have shown that emotion recognition is impaired in individuals with a history of violent offenses, especially in those diagnosed with psychopathy. However, in criminological contexts, there is insufficient research regarding the role of empathy and facial emotion recognition abilities of personnel employed in correction centers. Accordingly, we sought to explore facial emotion recognition abilities and empathy in administrative officers and security guards at a center for institutionalized juvenile offenders. One hundred twenty-two Mexican subjects, including both men and women, were recruited for the study. Sixty-three subjects were administrative officers, and 59 subjects were security guards at a juvenile detention center. Tasks included “Pictures of Facial Affect” and the “Cambridge Behavior Scale.” The results showed that group and gender had an independent effect on emotion recognition abilities, with no significant interaction between the two variables. Specifically, administrative officers showed higher empathy than security guards. Moreover, women in general exhibited more empathy than men. This study provides initial evidence of the need to study emotion recognition and empathy among professionals working in forensic settings or criminological contexts.

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Learning through dissonance: Critical service-learning in a juvenile detention center as field experience in music teacher education

Research Studies in Music Education ◽

10.1177/1321103x16641845 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 155-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jeananne Nichols ◽

Brian M. Sullivan

Keyword(s):

Service Learning ◽

School Environment ◽

Music Teachers ◽

Juvenile Detention ◽

Incarcerated Youth ◽

Detention Center ◽

Juvenile Detention Center ◽

School Music ◽

Service Music ◽

Past Experiences

Though many pre-service music teachers have received exemplary instruction in their high school music programs, these programs may not be representative of the social, cultural, and economic diversity of their broader communities. This insularity may hinder their perceptions of their community as they step into an increasingly diverse school environment. The Champaign County Juvenile Detention Center (CCJDC) Arts Project was adopted as a critical service-learning course in order to introduce pre-service music teachers to students and ways of teaching that may be different from what they typically encounter through their university field experiences. Participants in the project designed and facilitated music and arts experiences with the incarcerated youth once per week over an entire semester. In this case study we examine the experiences of six pre-service music teachers who participated in the CCJDC Arts Project during 2012, looking for moments of “dissonance,” which Kiely defines as incongruities between participants’ past experiences and the challenging reality they encounter through the project. Entry into the facility, interactions with the youth at the facility, and the musical practices shaped by the needs of the facility all worked in tandem to challenge participants’ latent expectations and beliefs about their community, and to heighten their awareness of the sociocultural systems that shape their future students, their developing teaching practices, and their own privileged positions in school and society.

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