Rural-to-Urban Migration, Strain, and Bullying Perpetration: The Mediating Role of Negative Emotions, Attitude Toward Bullying, and Attachment to School

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunjie Cui ◽  
Siu-ming To
Keyword(s):  
General Strain Theory ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
General Strain ◽  
Rural To Urban Migration

Based on an integrated general strain theory, this study involved testing negative emotions (i.e., anxiety and depression), a social learning variable (i.e., attitude toward bullying), and a social control variable (i.e., attachment to school) as possible mediators of the strain–bullying relationship. A group comparison was also conducted to examine possible differences between migrant and non-migrant children. Data used in the study were derived from a questionnaire survey with a school-based multistage random sample of 1,666 children in Grades 4 to 9 in Nanjing and Guangzhou, China. Structural equation modeling and group comparison were performed with AMOS 25.0 to test the hypothesized model. The findings indicated that attitude toward bullying and attachment to school but not negative emotions mediated the strain–bullying relationship. The results also revealed that the mediation model was applicable to both migrant and non-migrant children, albeit with significant differences in certain paths within the model. The study’s framework bridged the integrated general strain theory and its typical emphasis on crime or delinquency with the pervasive behavior of school bullying in the context of Chinese rural-to-urban migration. Implications for theory and practice were discussed.

Prison Strains, Negative Emotions, and Deviance Among Prisoners in South Korea: A Latent-Variable Modeling Test of General Strain Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (15) ◽  
pp. 1607-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Joon Jang
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
General Strain Theory ◽  
Correctional Officers ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Fear Of Victimization ◽  
General Strain

This article examines the applicability of general strain theory to correctional samples by testing whether prison strains are positively related to deviance among prisoners through strain-associated negative emotions and whether the negative emotions-deviance relationship is systematic in terms of inner versus outer directedness. Latent-variable structural equation modeling was applied to analyze survey data from 986 male prisoners in South Korea. First, an inmate’s dissatisfaction with correctional officers was found to be positively related to anger and fear of victimization, whereas in-prison victimization was related only to the fear. Second, outer-directed emotion (anger) was positively related to outer-directed deviance (aggressive and property misconduct and anticipated reoffending) but not to inner-directed deviance (self-injury/suicide attempt). On the contrary, inner-directed emotion (fear) was related positively to the inner-directed deviance but inversely to property misconduct. Finally, some of the indirect relationships of victimization and dissatisfaction with deviance via negative emotions were found to be significant.

General Strain Theory

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Brezina
Keyword(s):  
General Strain Theory ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Learning Theories ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Crime And Delinquency ◽  
General Strain

General strain theory (GST) provides a unique explanation of crime and delinquency. In contrast to control and learning theories, GST focuses explicitly on negative treatment by others and is the only major theory of crime and delinquency to highlight the role of negative emotions in the etiology of offending. According to GST, the experience of strain or stress tends to generate negative emotions such as anger, frustration, depression, and despair. These negative emotions, in turn, are said to create pressures for corrective action, with crime or delinquency being one possible response. GST was designed, in part, to address criticisms leveled against previous versions of strain theory. Earlier versions of strain theory have been criticized for focusing on a narrow range of possible strains, for their inability to explain why only some strained individuals resort to crime or delinquency, and for limited empirical support. GST has been partly successful in overcoming these limitations. Since its inception, the theory has received a considerable amount of attention from researchers, has enjoyed a fair amount of empirical support, and has been credited with helping to revitalize the strain theory tradition. The full potential of GST has yet to be realized, however, as the theory continues to evolve and further testing is required.

Gender, General Strain Theory, Negative Emotions, and Disordered Eating

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Leeper Piquero ◽  
Kristan Fox ◽  
Alex R. Piquero ◽  
George Capowich ◽  
Paul Mazerolle
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
General Strain Theory ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
General Strain

Examining How Testosterone and Cortisol Influence the Relationship Between Strain, Negative Emotions, and Antisocial Behavior: A Gendered Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 1470-1501
Author(s):  
Eric M. Cooke ◽  
Eric J. Connolly ◽  
Danielle L. Boisvert ◽  
Todd A. Armstrong ◽  
Richard H. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
General Strain Theory ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Cortisol Reactivity ◽  
General Strain ◽  
The Relationship

This study provides a test of General Strain Theory by examining the relations between strain, negative emotions, and biological hormones in the prediction of antisocial behavior across gender. Findings from a diverse sample of 512 undergraduate students reveal that strain and the ratio between testosterone to cortisol reactivity are associated with higher levels of antisocial behavior in males, but not females. In contrast, the effect of depressive symptoms on antisocial behavior is stronger at higher levels of strain and ratio of testosterone to cortisol reactivity in females. Drug use and depressive symptoms were found to partly mediate the association between strain and antisocial behavior in females, but not males.

scholarly journals Stressful Life Events and Negative Emotions on Delinquency Among Korean Youth: An Empirical Test of General Strain Theory Assessing Longitudinal Mediation Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujung Cho ◽  
Jordan Galehan
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
General Strain Theory ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
Delinquent Behaviors ◽  
Longitudinal Mediation ◽  
General Strain ◽  
Korean Youth

The current study examines the extent to which the argument of Agnew’s general strain theory extends to a sample of South Korean youth to be able to explain the hypothesized direct and indirect/mediated effects of negative emotions derived from various negative life experiences of strain on delinquent behaviors. These experiences can include bullying victimization, parental abuse, poor friend quality, and poor physical functioning. Data for this study were compiled from the Korean Welfare Panel Study (KOWEPS), which is a longitudinal study among 7,027 Korean households surveyed from 2006 through 2012. This study utilizes the longitudinal mediation models for temporal precedence. Results reveal that adolescents with poor-quality friends during the previous year are more likely to engage in later delinquency, and adolescents who experience bullying victimization, child abuse, and poor friendship quality during the previous year are more likely to later feel negative emotions. Furthermore, early feelings of negative emotions are significantly related to later delinquent behaviors and partially mediate the link between poor friend quality and later delinquent behaviors. Finally, bullying victimization, child abuse, and poor friend quality generated negative emotions, which led to a greater likelihood of delinquent behavior later.

Testing Agnew’s General Strain Theory Among Incarcerated Women in the Republic of North Macedonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 90-113
Author(s):  
Angelina Stanojoska ◽  
Julija Jurtoska
Keyword(s):  
General Strain Theory ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Incarcerated Women ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Criminological Theory ◽  
Female Criminality ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
General Strain ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Incarcerated Population

AbstractWhat is the purpose of our study? Being written on a social–psychological level, general strain theory (GST) has been tested among adolescent populations. However, what has been very rarely analysed is the response to strain by different types of offenders and diverse populations. This study is even more valuable if we mention that until the beginning of our research, GST or any other criminological theory had not been tested on any population in the Republic of North Macedonia. Why study an incarcerated population? This population has neglected needs, inhumane living conditions, overcrowded penitentiary institutions, high levels of recidivism and poor use of alternative measures. The experience of incarcerated women is generally less known compared with those of incarcerated men; they have a low level of participation in the total number of crimes in the country, and there is a lack of criminological research on female criminality in general. The data collected focused on the influence of strain and negative emotions on the level of criminality. The results should help us to answer whether strain leads to negative emotions; then does strain influence female criminality and its level; and do negative emotions intermediate in between strain and the level of criminality?

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