Three-dimensional printed prosthesis demonstrates functional improvement in a patient with an amputated thumb: A technical note

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keun Ho Lee ◽  
Sung Jae Kim ◽  
Yong Ho Cha ◽  
Jae Lim Kim ◽  
Dong Kyu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Metacarpophalangeal Joint ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Finger Prosthesis ◽  
The Right

Background and Aim: Three-dimensional printer is widely used in industry, biology, and medical fields. We report a finger prosthesis produced by a three-dimensional scanner and printer for a 67-year-old man with a right thumb amputation above the metacarpophalangeal joint. Technique: His right amputated and left intact hands were scanned with a three-dimensional scanner, and the left-hand image was rotated to the right side to design the right thumb prosthesis. The designed prosthesis was printed with a three-dimensional printer using the fused filament fabrication output system. Discussion: The Jebsen–Taylor hand function test and Box and Block Test scores improved after application of the prosthesis. Most Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology results were “very satisfied,” and most Orthotics and Prosthetics Users’ Survey results were “very easy.” Preparing the prosthesis made by three-dimensional scanner and three-dimensional printer was faster and cheaper than preparing a conventional prosthesis. Clinical relevance Using three-dimensional scanning and printing technique, we can easily produce specifically shaped finger prostheses for specific movements in amputated patients with low cost.

Application of an Implicit Relaxation Method Solving the Euler Equations for Time-Accurate Unsteady Problems

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brenneis ◽  
A. Eberle
Keyword(s):  
Euler Equations ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Relaxation Method ◽  
Coefficient Matrix ◽  
Viscous Effects ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Implicit Equations ◽  
The Right

A numerical procedure is presented for computing time-accurate solutions of flows about two and three-dimensional configurations using the Euler equations in conservative form. A nonlinear Newton method is applied to solve the unfactored implicit equations. Relaxation is performed with a point Gauss-Seidel algorithm ensuring a high degree of vectorization by employing the so-called checkerboard scheme. The fundamental feature of the Euler solver is a characteristic variable splitting scheme (Godunov-type averaging procedure, linear locally one-dimensional Riemann solver) based on an eigenvalue analysis for the calculation of the fluxes. The true Jacobians of the fluxes on the right-hand side are used on the left-hand side of the first order in time-discretized Euler equations. A simple matrix conditioning needing only few operations is employed to evade singular behavior of the coefficient matrix. Numerical results are presented for transonic flows about harmonically pitching airfoils and wings. Comparisons with experiments show good agreement except in regions where viscous effects are evident.

Register of Dupuytren’s Disease (Contracture) in Tatarstan Republic: Efficacy of Surgical Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
R. O Magomedov ◽  
G. I Mikusev ◽  
R. F Baykeev ◽  
I. E Mikusev ◽  
A. E Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
Palmar Aponeurosis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Common Intervention ◽  
Right And Left Hand

Analysis of Dupuytren’s contracture (DC) surgical treatment efficacy according to the Tatarstan Republic DC Register (258 patients, 343 hands) was performed. Partial wedge-shaped excision of palmar aponeurosis was the most common intervention on both the right and left hand. Late (1 year and over) postoperative complications (POC) — relapse, dissemination, progression were detected in 41.8% of patients at terms up to 15 years. Presence of POC on the operated hand caused disturbance of its function in 11.9% of cases on the right and 16.3% of cases on the left. Curability from DC made up 34.9 — 73.8% depending on the operated hand. Complete restoration of hand function was achieved in 22.2—100% of observations. Surgical treatment of DC enabled to ensure favorable patient’s condition at term 1 year and over in 67.5 and 59.9% of cases on the right and left hand respectively.

scholarly journals POS0557 THE RELATION BETWEEN INVOLVEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL JOINTS OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY AND GRIP FORCE IN EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 513.2-514
Author(s):  
M. Rydholm ◽  
A. Sharma ◽  
I. Wikström ◽  
L. T. H. Jacobsson ◽  
C. Turesson
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Grip Force ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Early Ra ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Pip Joint ◽  
The Right

Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a major impact on hand function in many patients.Objectives:The objective of this study was to investigate the relation between swelling and tenderness of individual joints in the upper extremities and grip force in patients with early RA.Methods:An inception cohort of patients with early RA (symptom duration ≤12 months), recruited in 1995-2005, was investigated and followed in a structured program. All patients were examined by the same rheumatologist according to a structured protocol, and swelling and tenderness of individual joints was recorded. Grip force (Newton, N) was measured using the electronic instrument Grippit (AB Detektor, Gothenburg, Sweden). Average grip force values of each hand were evaluated and compared to the expected, based on age- and sex-specific reference values from the literature (1). Grip force was expressed as % of expected values. Linear regression analyses were used to assess the relation between upper extremity joint involvement in individual joints and grip force, using the presence/absence of synovitis/tenderness in each joint as covariates. For the multivariate analysis, covariates with p<0.10 in the univariate analyses were selected. In cases with major collinearity (Spearman’s r>0.3), the covariate with the stronger association in the univariate analysis was included.Results:A total of 215 patients with early RA (71 % women; mean age 60 years) were investigated. The median symptom duration at inclusion was 7 months; interquartile range 5-10. The median 28 joint counts for swollen joints was 7 (interquartile range, IQR 5-11) and for tender joints 4 (IQR 1-9). In univariate analyses, swelling of the wrist, each metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints III and V, as well as tenderness of the elbow, wrist and each MCP and PIP joint were associated with significantly reduced grip force in the right hand. In the left extremity, corresponding associations were observed for swelling of the wrist, each MCP joint and PIP joints I and V, and for tenderness of the wrist and each MCP and PIP joint. In multivariate analysis, wrist synovitis was associated with reduced grip force (β -11.0 and -14.3 % of expected, respectively). There were also independent significant associations for tenderness of MCP IV and the elbow with reduced grip force in the right hand, and for swelling of MCP I and MCP V with reduced grip force in the left hand (Table 1).Table 1.Joint involvement associated with average grip force (% of expected value), multivariate linear regressionUnstandardized β95 % CIRight handSwollen Wrist-11.0-17.5 to -4.5Tender MCP IV-15.6-25.2 to -6.0Tender PIP V-2.3-12.0 to 7.3Tender Elbow-11.7-22.1 to -1.3Left handSwollen Wrist-14.3-20.4 to -7.6Swollen MCP I-7.6-14.6 to -0.6Swollen MCP V-11.7-21.9 to -1.5Swollen PIP I-0.8-9.2 to 7.5MCP: Metacarpo phalangeal jointPIP: Proximal interphalangeal jointConclusion:Involvement of several different joints in the upper extremity contributes to impaired hand function. Clinical synovitis of the wrist was associated with reduced grip force in both hands. In the left hand, arthritis of the thumb had a major impact on grip force. In general, MCP involvement was found to be more important for the grip than PIP involvement.References:[1]Nilsen T et al. Scand J Occup Ther 2012; 19: 288-96Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Hand strength and dexterity in patients with Prader–Willi syndrome: a pilot intervention study

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 4669-4677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Ling Hsu ◽  
Valeria Jia-Yi Chiu ◽  
Wei-Hsiu Chang ◽  
Mei-Chun Lin ◽  
Jang-Ting Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Function ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Hand Strength ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Finger Dexterity ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
The Right

Objective The study aim was to examine the hand function (hand strength and dexterity) and intervention effects of training in adults with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS). Methods Six adults with PWS (two females; mean age 26.14 years) underwent hand muscle strength and dexterity training for 3 months (2 hours per week). The following hand function tests were performed pre- and post-intervention: (1) hand grip, lateral pinch, and tip pinch hand strength tests, (2) the Box and Block test (BBT) for gross manual dexterity and (3) the Purdue Pegboard test for finger dexterity. Results Before treatment, all subjects showed lower hand grip, lateral pinch, tip pinch strength, and poorer manual/finger dexterity relative to healthy adults. After training, hand function scores improved on many test items, but only the left hand tip pinch and the right hand BBT performance showed significant improvements. Conclusions All subjects showed lower hand strength and poorer manual/finger dexterity compared with healthy adults; this should be considered during physical training programs. Owing to limitations in the intervention intensity and possible subject behavioral deficits, further research is needed to clarify the effects of this intervention on hand function in PWS patients.

CT Image Measurement and Analysis of the Influence of Different Motion Modes on the Geometrical Morphology of Carpal Bone

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 913-917
Author(s):  
Zegang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Carpal Bone ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Motion Modes ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Capitate Bone

The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of different movement modes on the geometrical morphology of carpal bones. In this study, Computed Tomography (CT) imaging is used for measurement and analysis. The results show that the changes of wrist bone volume of athletes are not significant compared with that of non-athletes, and the changes of bone density of the wrist bone are more obvious under the motion stress stimulation. According to results of CT imaging measurement and calculation, the average CT values of triangular bone, trapezoid bone, capitate bone and pisiform bone in the left hand and hamate bone in the right hand of the athlete are greater than that of the non-athlete, and the difference is statistically significant. Therefore, CT imaging technology can help to reconstruct the three-dimensional image of the carpal bone and deeply understand the geometric shape of the carpal bone of athletes.

Color constancy by asymmetric color matching with real objects in three-dimensional scenes

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
VASCO M.N. de ALMEIDA ◽  
PAULO T. FIADEIRO ◽  
SÉRGIO M.C. NASCIMENTO
Keyword(s):  
Color Constancy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Color Temperature ◽  
Color Matching ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Real Scene ◽  
Real Objects ◽  
The Right

Color matching experiments use, in general, stimuli that are poor representations of the natural world. The aim of this work was to compare the degree of color constancy for a range of illuminant pairs using a new matching technique that uses both real objects and three-dimensional (3-D) real scenes. In the experiment, observers viewed a 3-D real scene through a large beamsplitter that projects on the right-hand side of the scene (match scene), the virtual image of a 3-D object (match object) such it appeared part of the scene. On the left-hand side of the scene (test scene), observers viewed a symmetrical scene containing a test object identical to the match object. Test and match objects were both surrounded by the same reflectances with identical spatial arrangement. The illuminant on the test scene had always a correlated color temperature of 25,000 K. The illuminant on the match scene could be any of seven different illuminants with correlated color temperatures in the range 25,000 K–4000 K. In each trial, the observers, who were instructed to perform surface color matches, adjusted the illuminant on the match object. Constancy indices were very high (0.81–0.93), varied with the color of the match object, and increased with the extent of the illuminant change. Observer's mismatches, however, were independent of the extent of the illuminant change.

scholarly journals Can response time be trained with bilateral limb training in children with Down syndrome?

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (03) ◽  
pp. 339-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratiksha Tilak Rao ◽  
John M. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Aims: Response time (RT), that is, the time taken to respond is known to be delayed in children with Down syndrome (DS). We performed a pilot study to evaluate whether bilateral limb training can be used to train RT, in children with DS. Settings and Design: 10 children with DS (5 males) were recruited from a special school in a suburban region using convenience sampling. Subjects and Methods: Response time was measured using an indigenously developed RT Analyzer, before and after intervention, from right and left hand. Structured bilateral limb training was given for a period of 4 weeks, using low-cost, locally available materials, in community settings. Statistical Analysis Used: The Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Significant improvements in RT following 4 weeks of intervention were seen in the left hand (P = 0.006) but not in the right hand (P = 0.104). Conclusions: Response time can be trained in children with DS using 4 weeks of bilateral limb training activities using low-cost, locally available materials.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional digital projection in neurosurgical education: technical note

2015 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 1077-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Martins ◽  
Eduardo Carvalhal Ribas ◽  
Albert L. Rhoton ◽  
Guilherme Carvalhal Ribas
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Still Images ◽  
3D Images ◽  
Individual Use ◽  
The Right ◽  
Digital Projection ◽  
Polarization Of Light ◽  
Neurosurgical Education

Three-dimensional images have become an important tool in teaching surgical anatomy, and its didactic power is enhanced when combined with 3D surgical images and videos. This paper describes the method used by the last author (G.C.R.) since 2002 to project 3D anatomical and surgical images using a computer source. Projecting 3D images requires the superposition of 2 similar but slightly different images of the same object. The set of images, one mimicking the view of the left eye and the other mimicking the view of the right eye, constitute the stereoscopic pair and can be processed using anaglyphic or horizontal-vertical polarization of light for individual use or presentation to larger audiences. Classically, 3D projection could be obtained by using a double set of slides, projected through 2 slide projectors, each of them equipped with complementary filters, shooting over a medium that keeps light polarized (a silver screen) and having the audience wear appropriate glasses. More recently, a digital method of 3D projection has been perfected. In this method, a personal computer is used as the source of the images, which are arranged in a Microsoft PowerPoint presentation. A beam splitter device is used to connect the computer source to 2 digital, portable projectors. Filters, a silver screen, and glasses are used, similar to the classic method. Among other advantages, this method brings flexibility to 3D presentations by allowing the combination of 3D anatomical and surgical still images and videos. It eliminates the need for using film and film developing, lowering the costs of the process. In using small, powerful digital projectors, this method substitutes for the previous technology, without incurring a loss of quality, and enhances portability.

Dynamics of Double Hand Thoracic Spinal Manipulations by Different Chiropractors

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maruti Ram Gudavalli
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Shear Forces ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Peak Loads ◽  
Force Transducers ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Load Characteristics ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right And Left Hands ◽  
Right And Left Hand

This study presents the dynamic load characteristics of chiropractors delivering posterior to anterior double thenar thoracic spinal manipulations to a mannequin. A total of 36 thrusts were delivered by the three chiropractors to a mannequin that has similar shape and texture of a human. Two three-dimensional force transducers were used between the doctor’s hand and the mannequin. Parameters of the duration, rate of loading, preload and peak loads were extracted from the data for the three chiropractors. Average peak loads in the normal direction reached 247 N and 217N in the right and left hands. The shear forces reached 36 and 18N in the right and left hand. The rates of loading have reached 804N/s and 761N/s in the right and left hands. Average durations of thrust were 242msecs. The three doctors had distinct characteristics in pre loads, durations of loading and rates of loading.

3D kinematics of the equine metacarpophalangeal joint at walk and trot

2007 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sha ◽  
J. Stick ◽  
N. Elvin ◽  
H. M. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Axial Rotation ◽  
Metacarpophalangeal Joint ◽  
Phase Extension ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
The Right ◽  
Value Decomposition

SummaryThe metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint and its supporting soft tissues are common sites of injury in athletic horses. Equine gait analysis has focused on 2D analysis in the sagittal plane and little information is available which describes 3D motions of the MCP joint and their possible role in the development of injuries. The aim was to characterize the 3D rotations of the equine MCP joint during walking and trotting. Three-dimensional trajectories of marker triads fixed rigidly to the third metacarpus and proximal phalanx of the right forelimb of healthy horses were recorded at walk (n=4) and trot (n=6) at 120 Hz using eight infra-red cameras. Kinematics of the MCP joint were calculated in terms of helical angles between the two segments using singular-value decomposition and spatial attitude methods. The ranges of motion were: flexion/extension: 62 ± 7° at walk, 77 ± 5° at trot; adduction/abduction: 13 ± 7° at walk, 18 ± 7° at trot; and axial rotation: 6 ± 3° at walk, 9 ± 5° at trot. Flexion/extension had a consistent pattern and amplitude in all horses and appeared to be coupled with adduction/abduction, such that stance phase extension was accompanied by abduction and swing phase flexion was accompanied by adduction. Axial rotation was small in amount and the direction varied between horses but was consistent within an individual for the two gaits.

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