Did My Hand Move in a Mirror? Body Ownership Induced by the Mirror Hand Illusion

Although the illusion that the mirror image of a hand or limb could be recognized as a part of one’s body behind the mirror, the effect of adding tactile stimulation to this illusion remains unknown. We, therefore, examined how the timing of tactile stimulation affects the induction of body ownership on the mirror image. Twenty-one healthy, right-handed participants (mean age = 23.0 ± 1.0 years, no medical history of neurological and/or psychiatric disorders) were enrolled and a crossover design was adopted in this study. Participants’ right and left hands were placed on the front and back sides of the mirror, respectively, then they were asked to keep looking at their right hand in the mirror. All participants experienced two experiments; one was with tactile stimulation that was synchronized with the movement of a mirror image (synchronous condition), and the other one was with tactile stimulation that was not synchronized (asynchronous condition). The qualitative degree of body ownership for the mirrored hand was evaluated by a questionnaire. Proprioceptive drift (PD), an illusory shift of the felt position of the real hand toward the mirrored hand was used for quantitative evaluation of body ownership and measured at “baseline,” “immediately after stimulation,” “2 min after stimulation,” and “4 min after stimulation.” The results of the questionnaire revealed that some items of body ownership rating were higher in the synchronous condition than in the asynchronous condition (p < 0.05). We found that PD occurred from immediately after to 4 min after stimulation in both conditions (p < 0.01) and there was no difference in the results between the conditions. From the dissociation of these results, we interpreted that body ownership could be elicited by different mechanisms depending on the task demand. Our results may contribute to the understanding of the multisensory integration mechanism of visual and tactile stimulation during mirror illusion induction.

Unilateral Resection of Both Cortical Visual Pathways Alters Action but not Perception

The human cortical visual system consists of two major pathways, a ventral pathway that subserves perception and a dorsal pathway that subserves visuomotor control. These pathways follow dissociable developmental trajectories, and, accordingly, might be differentially susceptible to neurodevelopmental disorders or injuries. Previous studies have found that children with cortical resections of the ventral visual pathway retain largely normal visuoperceptual abilities. Whether visually guided actions, supported by computations carried out by the dorsal pathway, follow a similar pattern remains unknown. To address this question, we examined visuoperceptual and visuomotor behaviors in a pediatric patient, TC, who underwent a cortical resection that included portions of the left ventral and dorsal pathways. We collected data when TC used her right and left hands to perceptually estimate the width blocks that varied in width and length, and, separately, to grasp the same blocks. Her perceptual estimation performance was comparable to that of controls, independent of the hand used. In contrast, relative to controls, she showed reduced visuomotor sensitivity to object shape and this was more evident when she grasped the objects with her contralesional right hand. These results provide evidence for a striking difference in the reorganization profiles of the two visual pathways. This difference supports the notion that the two pathways exhibit differential susceptibility to neurodevelopmental disorders.

Industry 4.0: Hand Recognition on Assembly Supervision Process

In the assembly industry, the process of assembling components is very important in order to produce a quality product. Assembly of components should be carried out sequentially based on the standards set by the company. For companies that still operate the assembly process manually by employee, sometimes errors occur in the assembly process, which can affect the quality of production. In order to be carried out the assembly process according to the procedure, a system is needed that can detect employee hands when carrying out the assembly process automatically. This study proposes an artificial intelligence-based real-time employee hand detection system. This system will be the basis for the development of an automatic industrial product assembly process to welcome the Industry 4.0. To verify system performance, several experiments were carried out, such as; detecting the right and left hands of employees and detecting hands when using accessories or not. From the experimental results it can be concluded that the system is able to detect the right and left hands of employees well with the resulting FPS average of 15.4.

Features of Physical Development Among 12 Years Old Children

The purpose of the study is to compare the indicators of the physical development of 12 years aged children in the main and preparatory groups of physical fitness. The study of physical development in the main and preparatory groups (among 12 years old boys and girls) was carried out by clinical anthropometry with determination of body length and weight, as well as physiometry with determination of lung capacity and muscle strength of the right and left hands. It turned out that the strength of the left and right hands of boys assigned to the main group of medical fitness was statistically significantly higher than that of boys assigned to the preparatory group of physical fitness.

Brain Computer Interface Signals Classification for Right and Left Hands Imagined Movements

Brain signals are complex and nonstationary, each signal represents an intendent behavior of a user. Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are used to extract and translate these signals. Electroencephalography (EEG) is the common method used for this purpose. Identifying which signal represents which action is important. In this paper, we extracted spatial and spectral patterns for right and left hands imagined movements from EEG signals. We considered only C3 and C4 bipolar channels and band frequency (8-30 Hz) for both alpha and beta. The relevant features classified using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and 9 other common classifiers to compare and contrast classification performances. To ensure classification performance we calculated confusion matrix classes for all 9 subjects from II b dataset. Classification accuracy observed and recorded from all classifiers and 9 subjects. The highest classification accuracy scores for 3 subjects S4, S8 and S9 are (100 %, 89 %, and 71 %) and misclassification scores are (0 %, 11% and 29 %) respectively.

Adjacent digit fingerprint white line count differences: a pointer to sexual dimorphism for forensic application

Background Sex determination is one of the leading criterion in identification and verification of an individual. However, the potential roles of differences in adjacent fingerprint white line count (FWLC) in sex inference are not well elucidated in the literature especially among Hausa population. The study was conducted to determine sexual dimorphism and predict sex using adjacent digit FWLC difference (adj. DFWLCD) among Hausa population of Kano state, Nigeria. Methods The study population involved 300 participants. FWLC was determined from a plain fingerprint captured using live scanner. The formula for adj. DFWLCD of thumb and fifth digit is dR15 for right hand. The same applied for possible combination in cephalocaudal direction. Mann-Whitney and t tests were used for comparison of variables between sexes. Binary logistic regression analyses were employed for determination of sex. Results We observed a significantly larger adj. DFWLCD in males compared with females in most of the digit combination. A significant sexual dimorphism was observed in most of the adj. DFWLCD involving ring digit in both right (dR14, dR24, and dR34) and left (dL14, dL24, and dL34). The best discrimination was observed in adjacent FWLC difference of second and fourth digits in both right and left digits (dR24 and dL24). This was further supported by stepwise logistic regression analyses. Conclusion The adj. DFWLCD exhibits sexual dimorphism. The best prediction potentials were found to be dR24 and dL24 for right and left hands respectively.

POLA SIDIK JARI DAN SUDUT AXIAL TRIRADIUS DIGITAL (ATD) PADA NARAPIDANA LAKI - LAKI DI TAHANAN TITIPAN (TAHTI) POLDA SUMATERA UTARA

Dermatoglyphics can be used not only to identify an individual's identity but also to determine chromosomal diseases, talents, potentials, and individual personalities. Several studies were conducted to prove that dermatoglyphics have a tendency that is typical of inmates. This study aimed to find out how the ATD fingerprint and angular patterns in prisoners in the Male North Sumatra Regional Police Correctional Institution. The research sample through total sampling. The research data is in the form of fingerprint patterns and ATD angles, data collection for fingerprint patterns by attaching the fingertips of the right and left hands to the Digital person Fingerprint reader and the results are analyzed on 10 fingers. ATD angles data were obtained by applying all palmar surfaces with Blue Ink and affixed to the observation sheet to calculate the angle of ATD. Data were analyzed univariately for the type of fingerprint pattern and the angle of ATD.