scholarly journals The Cardiovascular Effects of Pancuronium in the Dog during Pentobarbitone Anaesthesia

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Gibbs ◽  
A. R. Tait ◽  
M. K. Sykes
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
End Tidal Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Cardiac Output Measurements

The effect of pancuronium on the cardiovascular system of the dog was studied in 12 greyhounds who were anaesthetized with pentobarbitone 30–40 mg/kg body weight. During the study, the animals were artificially ventilated to give an end-tidal carbon dioxide in the range 4·0–4·5 per cent. Duplicate cardiac output measurements were made before and ten minutes after the intravenous administration of pancuronium (0·18 mg/kg). There was a slight (but statistically insignificant) fall in cardiac output. Heart rate, aortic and pulmonary arterial pressures remained substantially unaltered. It is suggested that pancuronium should be used in the dog when muscle relaxation is required during pentobarbitone anaesthesia. In this way cardiovascular changes related to the drugs themselves will be minimized.

scholarly journals Comparison of end-tidal carbon dioxide and point-of-care echocardiography for fluid response at the bedside

2019 ◽  
pp. 102490791987092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semih Korkut ◽  
Erden Erol Ünlüer ◽  
Arif Karagöz ◽  
Karama Bouchaala Mnif ◽  
Emine Kadioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Passive Leg Raising ◽  
Velocity Time Integral ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
End Tidal Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Before And After ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Bedside Method

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to compare cardiac output, echocardiographic pulmonary velocity-time integral, and end-tidal carbon dioxide values before and after the passive leg raising maneuver in healthy volunteers. Methods: The Ethical Commission approved the study. A total of 36 volunteers were included after signed informed consent in our study. After 12 h of fasting, vital signs, cardiac output, pulmonary velocity-time integral, and end-tidal carbon dioxide were measured when the participants were lying supine. Then, participants’ legs were elevated to 45° passively, and all measurements were repeated. Pulmonary velocity-time integral was obtained in parasternal short-axis view with the aid of pulse Doppler. Pulmonary root measurements were recorded. Echocardiographic stroke volume and cardiac output were calculated. The differences between values of cardiac output, pulmonary velocity-time integral, and end-tidal carbon dioxide before and after passive leg raising were statistically compared. The level of significance was accepted as p < 0.05. Results: Significant differences were found between pre- and post-passive leg raising values of these three measurements. The effect of passive leg raising on pulmonary velocity-time integral measurements was greater. The change in end-tidal carbon dioxide was not correlated with either cardiac output or pulmonary velocity-time integral alteration. Conclusion: Our results showed that measurement of pulmonary velocity-time integral changes after passive leg raising is a more useful bedside method to predict fluid responsiveness than measurement of end-tidal carbon dioxide and cardiac output alteration.

Phase I Safety Assessment of Intrathecal Neostigmine Methylsulfate in Humans 

1995 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Hood ◽  
James C. Eisenach ◽  
Robin Tuttle
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Severe Nausea ◽  
End Tidal Carbon Dioxide ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Ice Water

Background In dogs, sheep, and rats, spinal neostigmine produces analgesia alone and enhances analgesia from alpha 2-adrenergic agonists. This study assesses side effects and analgesia from intrathecal neostigmine in healthy volunteers. Methods After institutional review board approval and informed consent, 28 healthy volunteers were studied. The first 14 volunteers received neostigmine (50-750 micrograms) through a #19.5 spinal needle followed by insertion of a spinal catheter. The remaining 14 volunteers received neostigmine through a #25 or #27 spinal needle without a catheter. Safety measurements included blood pressure, heart rate, oxyhemoglobin saturation, end-tidal carbon dioxide, neurologic evaluation, and computer tests of vigilance and memory. Analgesia in response to ice water immersion was measured. Results Neostigmine (50 micrograms) through the #19.5 needle did not affect any measured variable. Neostigmine (150 micrograms) caused mild nausea, and 500-750 micrograms caused severe nausea and vomiting. Neostigmine (150-750 micrograms) produced subjective leg weakness, decreased deep tendon reflexes, and sedation. The 750-micrograms dose was associated with anxiety, increased blood pressure and heart rate, and decreased end-tidal carbon dioxide. Neostigmine (100-200 micrograms) in saline, injected through a #25 or #27 needle, caused protracted, severe nausea, and vomiting. This did not occur when dextrose was added to neostigmine. Neostigmine by either method of administration reduced visual analog pain scores to immersion of the foot in ice water. Conclusions The incidence and severity of these adverse events from intrathecal neostigmine appears to be affected by dose, method of administration, and baricity of solution. These effects in humans are consistent with studies in animals. Because no unexpected or dangerous side effects occurred, cautious examination of intrathecal neostigmine alone and in combination with other agents for analgesia is warranted.

scholarly journals Incidence of Artifacts and Deviating Values in Research Data Obtained from an Anesthesia Information Management System in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-lee J. Hoorweg ◽  
Wietze Pasma ◽  
Leo van Wolfswinkel ◽  
Jurgen C. de Graaff
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Information Management System ◽  
Noninvasive Blood Pressure ◽  
Invasive Blood Pressure ◽  
End Tidal Carbon Dioxide ◽  
End Tidal

Abstract Background Vital parameter data collected in anesthesia information management systems are often used for clinical research. The validity of this type of research is dependent on the number of artifacts. Methods In this prospective observational cohort study, the incidence of artifacts in anesthesia information management system data was investigated in children undergoing anesthesia for noncardiac procedures. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of artifacts among deviating and nondeviating values, among the anesthesia phases, and among different anesthetic techniques. Results We included 136 anesthetics representing 10,236 min of anesthesia time. The incidence of artifacts was 0.5% for heart rate (95% CI: 0.4 to 0.7%), 1.3% for oxygen saturation (1.1 to 1.5%), 7.5% for end-tidal carbon dioxide (6.9 to 8.0%), 5.0% for noninvasive blood pressure (4.0 to 6.0%), and 7.3% for invasive blood pressure (5.9 to 8.8%). The incidence of artifacts among deviating values was 3.1% for heart rate (2.1 to 4.4%), 10.8% for oxygen saturation (7.6 to 14.8%), 14.1% for end-tidal carbon dioxide (13.0 to 15.2%), 14.4% for noninvasive blood pressure (10.3 to 19.4%), and 38.4% for invasive blood pressure (30.3 to 47.1%). Conclusions Not all values in anesthesia information management systems are valid. The incidence of artifacts stored in the present pediatric anesthesia practice was low for heart rate and oxygen saturation, whereas noninvasive and invasive blood pressure and end-tidal carbon dioxide had higher artifact incidences. Deviating values are more often artifacts than values in a normal range, and artifacts are associated with the phase of anesthesia and anesthetic technique. Development of (automatic) data validation systems or solutions to deal with artifacts in data is warranted.

End-tidal carbon dioxide during extremely low cardiac output

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahamed H. Idris ◽  
Edward D. Staples ◽  
Daniel J. O'Brien ◽  
Richard J. Melker ◽  
William J. Rush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Low Cardiac Output ◽  
End Tidal Carbon Dioxide ◽  
End Tidal

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory variables, bispectral index and recovery of anesthesia in dogs anesthetized with isoflurane, treated or not with tramadol

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Borges ◽  
N. Nunes ◽  
V.F. Barbosa ◽  
E.D.V. Conceição ◽  
C.T.D. Nishimori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Bispectral Index ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
End Tidal Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Index Changes ◽  
End Tidal

It was studied fortuitous cardiorespiratory and bispectral index changes in dogs anesthetized with isoflurane associated or not to tramadol. Sixteen dogswere distributed in two groups named CG (control group) and TG (tramadol group). General anesthesia was induced in all animals with isoflurane via mask. After 10 minutes, the animals of CG received 0.05ml/kg of saline solution at 0.9%, and TG received 2mg/kg of tramadol, both via intramuscular. It was evaluated heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures; electrocardiography; respiratory rate; oxihemoglobin saturation; end tidal carbon dioxide; bispectral index and recovery of anesthesia. The administration of tramadol in dogs anesthetized with isoflurane did not produce changes in cardiorespiratory variables, bispectral index and anesthetic recovery time. In addition, this association promoted good quality of anesthetic recovery.

scholarly journals Change in end-tidal carbon dioxide outperforms other surrogates for change in cardiac output during fluid challenge

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Lakhal ◽  
M.A. Nay ◽  
T Kamel ◽  
B Lortat-Jacob ◽  
S Ehrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Fluid Challenge ◽  
End Tidal Carbon Dioxide ◽  
End Tidal

ARTERIAL/END-TIDAL CARBON DIOXIDE GRADIENT ((??CO2): A USEFUL PREDICTOR OF LOW CARDIAC OUTPUT SYNDROME

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Luca Di Chiara ◽  
Zhuoming XU ◽  
Linhua Tan ◽  
Timothy C. Slesnick ◽  
Antonio R. Mott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Low Cardiac Output Syndrome ◽  
Low Cardiac Output ◽  
End Tidal Carbon Dioxide ◽  
End Tidal
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