On the Recording of Mental Illness for Civil Commitment

The survey of 102 consecutive certificates for involuntary admission and a review of the case material demonstrated that in 78 cases the form was completed adequately. In 13 cases full description of evidence of mental disorder was lacking on the certificate but after reviewing the cases it, would appear that clear evidence of mental disorder was probably present at the time of certification. In this survey, suicidal or homicidal risk alone was not considered evidence of mental disorder. In the final 11 cases the grounds for diagnosing mental disorder rested upon the presence of phenomena like anger, alcoholism, or mild mental retardation or the presence of a personality disorder, all of these being associated with risk to the patient or another person. Compelling evidence for the necessity of psychiatric commitment in these complex situations cannot be described briefly; thus it does not appear that an altered certification form would solve the problem.

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Soles of the Feet: a mindfulness-based self-control intervention for aggression by an individual with mild mental retardation and mental illness

Research in Developmental Disabilities ◽

10.1016/s0891-4222(03)00026-x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 158-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 115

Author(s):

Nirbhay N Singh ◽

Robert G Wahler ◽

Angela D Adkins ◽

Rachel E Myers

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Mental Retardation ◽

Self Control ◽

Mild Mental Retardation ◽

Control Intervention ◽

Soles Of The Feet

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Mind Matters: a psychoeducation programme for individuals with intellectual disabilities and co-morbid diagnoses of mental disorder

Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour ◽

10.1108/jidob-07-2016-0011 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 34-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sarah Ashworth ◽

Krista Jansen ◽

Lydia Bullock ◽

Paul Mooney

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Intellectual Disability ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Intellectual Disabilities ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Content Type ◽

Group Members

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe a feasibility study into the development and pilot of a psychoeducational group for people with intellectual disability and co-morbid mental disorder (including mental illness and personality disorder) within forensic settings. Design/methodology/approach “Mind Matters”, a psychoeducational programme for people with an intellectual disability and co-morbid mental disorders is a group based programme in a medium secure hospital, adapted and developed to be suitable for people with intellectual disability therapist multidisciplinary approach was key to its development. An open group on a 16-bedded ward for individuals with mild to moderate intellectual disability and co-morbid mental illness was delivered over a six-week period. Findings The group was positively received in pilot by participants and members of the clinical teams. Attendance and engagement of participants were key measures of the success of the programme. In addition to the apparent increased social skills and motivation to engage with future psychological intervention. Practical implications The authors believe that this approach benefitted both the group members and staff on ward, reinforcing strategies for maintaining positive mental health. It also stimulated engagement, discussion about mental disorders including mental illness, personality disorder and intellectual disabilities. Originality/value This paper shows how a psychoeducational approach to mental disorder and mental health in individuals with an intellectual disability is possible, beneficial and well received.

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The distinction between personality disorder and mental illness

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.180.2.110 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 180 (2) ◽

pp. 110-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 94

Author(s):

R. E. Kendell

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Preventive Detention ◽

Genetic Evidence ◽

Mental Illnesses ◽

Unresolved Issue ◽

Basic Information ◽

The Uk

BackgroundProposals by the UK Government for preventive detention of people with ‘dangerous severe personality disorders' highlight the unresolved issue of whether personality disorders should be regarded as mental illnesses.AimsTo clarify the issue by examining the concepts of psychopathy and personality disorder, the attitudes of contemporary British psychiatrists to personality disorders, and the meaning of the terms ‘mental illness'and ‘mental disorder’.MethodThe literature on personality disorder is assessed in the context of four contrasting concepts of illness or disease.ResultsWhichever of the four concepts or definitions is chosen, it is impossible to conclude with confidence that personality disorders are, or are not, mental illnesses; there are ambiguities in the definitions and basic information about personality disorders is lacking.ConclusionsThe historical reasons for regarding personality disorders as fundamentally different from mental illnesses are being undermined by both clinical and genetic evidence. Effective treatments for personality disorders would probably have a decisive influence on psychiatrists' attitudes.

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‘Modelling social exclusion in a diagnostically-mixed sample of people with severe mental illness’

International Journal of Social Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/00207640211001893 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002076402110018

Author(s):

Gillian Mezey ◽

Sarah White ◽

Isobel Harrison ◽

Jennifer Bousfield ◽

Helen Killaspy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Mental Health Service ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Social Inclusion ◽

Common Mental Disorder ◽

Service Users

Background: Social inclusion is an important indicator of recovery in individuals with severe mental illness. The Social Inclusion Questionnaire User Experience (SInQUE) is a new measure of social inclusion for mental health service users which assesses five domains (consumption, production, access to services, social integration and civil engagement). It has good psychometric properties and is acceptable to service users and mental health professionals. It is not clear whether individuals with different diagnostic conditions experience a similar reduction in social inclusion. Aims: (1) Investigate whether current social inclusion differs between diagnostic groups (people with schizophrenia/other psychotic disorders, common mental disorder or personality disorder); (2) Identify factors associated with lower social inclusion; (3) Examine associations between social inclusion and stigma, quality of life and loneliness. Method: Mental health service users with psychotic disorder, personality disorder or common mental disorder, living in the community, completed the SInQUE, alongside other validated outcome measures. Multiple regression investigated associations. Results: About 192 service users (55% with psychotic disorder; 26% with common mental disorder; 19% with personality disorder). Current social inclusion did not vary according to diagnosis, except for the sub-domain of productivity, where individuals with personality disorder were more socially included than the other two groups. Lower social inclusion was associated with older age ( p = .008), lack of higher education ( p < .001), more previous admissions ( p = .005), severity of current symptoms and greater experienced stigma ( p = .006) and anticipated stigma ( p = .035). Greater social inclusion was associated with better quality of life ( p < .001) and less loneliness ( p < .001). Conclusions: Barriers to social inclusion in individuals with severe mental health problems include factors related to the illness, such as symptom severity and external factors, such as stigma and discrimination. Social inclusion is a recovery goal and should be routinely assessed. Increasing people’s social inclusion benefits service users in terms of improved mental health, better quality of life and reduced loneliness.

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Analysing Joker: an attempt to establish diagnosis for a film icon

BJPsych Bulletin ◽

10.1192/bjb.2020.146 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Valentin Yurievich Skryabin

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Psychotic Disorder ◽

Narcissistic Personality Disorder ◽

Dsm 5 ◽

Narcissistic Personality ◽

Unusual Combination

Summary Todd Phillips's film Joker, a 2019 psychological thriller, has stirred up strong reactions to the portrayal of the lead character's mental disorder, which is never specified. I used DSM-5 criteria to study whether Joker/Arthur Fleck showed signs of a real mental disorder. The psychopathology Arthur exhibits is unclear, preventing diagnosis of psychotic disorder or schizophrenia; the unusual combination of symptoms suggests a complex mix of features of certain personality traits, namely psychopathy and narcissism (he meets DSM-5 criteria for narcissistic personality disorder). He also shows the symptoms of pseudobulbar affect due to traumatic brain injury. This apparent co-occurrence of both mental disorder and a neurological condition may be confusing for audiences trying to understand mental illness.

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Parricide: Psychiatric morbidity

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh0812635d ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 136 (11-12) ◽

pp. 635-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bojana Dunjic ◽

Nadja Maric ◽

Miroslava Jasovic-Gasic ◽

Dusan Dunjic

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Fatal Outcome ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Precise Prediction

INTRODUCTION Parricide is defined as a murder of parents by their children; the patricide is murder of father, while matricide is murder of mother. This entity is classified as homicide, but it differs in the fact that victims are parents and the killers are their children. Mostly, it is associated with psychiatric morbidity. OBJECTIVE To describe sociodemographic and psychopathological characteristics of parricide committers and to analyze circumstances of parricide and psychiatric morbidity in order to achieve better recognition and prevention of risks. METHOD This retrospective study included all homicide autopsy records (1991-2005) performed at the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical School, University of Belgrade. For further analyses, all parricide records were selected out. The study analyzed all available parameters, which concerned parricide committers, victims and the act itself. Methods of descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS Between 1991 and 2005, there were 948 cases of homicide; of these, 3.5% were parricides. The committers of parricide were on average 31.2?11.9 years old, 87.8% were males, 60.6% with psychiatric symptoms most commonly with schizophrenia, alcohol dependence, personality disorder etc. Victims were on average 63.7?11.9 years old, 54.5% males, and 21.2% had a diagnosed mental illness. CONCLUSION Parricide is a rare kind of homicide accounting for 3% of all homicides. Committers are mostly unemployed males in early adulthood who have mental disorder. The phenomenon of parricide deserves a detailed analysis of the committer (individual bio-psycho-social profile) and the environ- mental factors (family, closely related circumstances) to enable a precise prediction of the act and prevention of the fatal outcome, which logically imposes the need of further studies.

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Serious criminal offending and mental disorder

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.172.6.477 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 172 (6) ◽

pp. 477-484 ◽

Cited By ~ 272

Author(s):

Cameron Wallace ◽

Paul E. Mullen ◽

Philip Burgess ◽

Simon Palmer ◽

David Ruschena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Affective Disorders ◽

Substance Misuse ◽

Psychiatric Services ◽

Criminal Offending ◽

The Public ◽

Affective Illness ◽

Serious Crime

BackgroundA relationship exists between mental disorder and offending behaviours but the nature and extent of the association remains in doubt.MethodThose convicted in the higher courts of Victoria between 1993 and 1995 had their pyschiatric history explored by case linkage to a register listing virtually all contacts with the public psychiatric services.ResultsPrior psychiatric contact was found in 25% of offenders, but the personality disorder and substance misuse accounted for much of this relationship. Schizophrenia and affective disorders were also over-represented, particularly those with coexisting substance misuse.ConclusionsThe increased offending in schizophrenia and affective illness is modest and may often be mediated by coexisting substance misuse. The risk of a serious crime being committed by someone with a major mental illness is small and does not justify subjecting them, as a group, to either increased institutional containment or greater coercion.

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