The Basis for the Philosophy of Legal Protection for Death Penalty Convicts Who Are Not Executed Immediately After the Verdict Becoming Legally Binding

Fundamentally, all forms of punishment are deprivation of human rights. One of the most severe punishments in criminal justice system is death penalty which is specifically aimed at serious crime. Several mechanisms as a form of legal protection for death convicts are judicial review and clemency petitions. Problems arise due to the time difference in the waiting period, which is not limited and in some cases even reaching 20 (twenty) years. Meaning, death penalty convicts have experienced two sufferings at once (double suffering) which is certainly contrary to the principle of punishment in the context of modern criminal law. The research aim is to analyse the basis for the philosophy of legal protection for death penalty convicts who are not executed immediately after the verdict becoming legally binding. This research is a normative legal research with the approach of Law, History, Comparison, Philosophy and Cases. The legal materials used are primary, secondary and tertiary with analytical techniques using perspective analysis. The results of the study indicate that in the future there must be uniformity regarding the waiting time limit regulated in the legislation, namely a period of 10 (ten) years as a form of legal protection for death penalty convicts, so the effectiveness of the death penalty as a preventive and repressive means can be realized.

STATUTORY OF LIMITATION FOR JUVENILE IMPRISONMENT

Statutory limitation is the base that leads to the expiration of a criminal sanction after a certain period of time. Since the statute of limitation is determined by the state through legal regulations, it means that in the end it represents a complete waiver of the state's right to punish due to the passage of time. Statute of limitation is given to a public, general social interest. When it comes to criminal sanctions against minors, then we say that educational measures do not become obsolete due to the expiration of a certain period of time from the finality of the decision on their imposition, which corresponds to the nature, character, content and purpose of this type of criminal sanctions. Then the following institutes are applied: a) suspension of execution and replacement of the imposed educational measure with another educational measure (Article 24 of the ZOMUKD) and b) re-decision on educational measures (Article 25 of the ZOMUKD). When it comes to an older juvenile who has been sentenced to juvenile imprisonment for a serious crime, the statute of limitation for the execution of that sentence is defined in the Article 33 of the ZOMUKD.

Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Tindak Pidana Pemerkosaan yang Menyebabkan Kematian (Studi) Kasus Pengadilan Negeri Kendal

Rape is a serious crime because it harms the victim, disturbs the future, and causes a very bad influence on the victim, even death. The purpose of this study is to reveal the criminal sanctions against the crime of rape that causes death and the judge's considerations in deciding the crime of rape that causes death. The method used in this research is normative research with a case and legislation approach. Sources of legal materials used in the form of secondary and primary legal sources which are then analyzed descriptively. The results of the study revealed that the perpetrator violated the provisions of Article 285 , 288 paragraph (3), 359, 291 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code, Article 76D and 81 paragraph (1) of Law Number 35 of 2014 on amendments to the Law. Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection, and violates the provisions of Article 71 of Law no. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. The judge sentenced the defendant to 4 years in prison.

A price paid? A review of the research on the impact of investigating serious crime on the wellbeing of police staff

Research pertaining to the wellbeing of police focuses on the job at a macro level, neglecting that policing is an occupation made up of thousands of roles. The needs of staff in various roles differs according to the situations that they are exposed to. This paper provides a review of the literature pertaining to the impact of criminal investigation on employees’ wellbeing. Three discernible categories regarding the wellbeing of criminal investigators are revealed and the paper demonstrates that criminal investigation has a negative effect on the wellbeing of staff. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research, training and support.

penyalagunaan Obat Resep Narkotika Terjangkau Di Kalangan Anak Muda

Penyalahgunaan narkoba di Indonesia semakin meningkat dan permasalahan yang ditimbulkan juga semakin kompleks. Kejahatan narkoba merupakan kejahatan lintas negara (transnational crime), terorganisir (organized crime), dan serius (serious crime) yang dapat menimpa berbagai lapisan masyarakat. Masalah penyalahgunaan narkoba di kalangan remaja dan pelajar dapat dikatakan sulit di atasi, karena penyelesaiannya melibatkan banyak faktor dan kerjasama dari semua pihak yang bersangkutan, seperti pemerintah, aparat, masyarakat, media massa, keluarga, remaja itu sendiri. Penyalahgunaan narkoba terjadi karena korban kurang atau tidak memahami apa narkoba itu sehingga dapat dibohongi oleh pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab (pengedar).

FEATURES OF THE INTEGRAL INDIVIDUALITY OF MEN CONVICTED OF SERIOUS CRIMES

Предпринята попытка изучения феномена интегральной индивидуальности человека через призму преступного поведения, повлекшего за собой совершение тяжелого криминального деяния. Рассматривается проблема необходимости понимания сложного внутреннего мира преступника, позволяющая раскрыть специфические глубинные механизмы, обусловливающие криминализацию личности. Формулируются актуальные вопросы, связанные с выявлением особенностей структуры интегральной индивидуальности мужчин, осужденных за тяжкие преступления против личности и отбывающих уголовное наказание в местах лишения свободы. Констатируется факт того, что рассмотрение и изучение феномена интегральной индивидуальности позволят найти оптимальный исследовательский путь, который позволит раскрыть своеобразные, индивидуальные особенности личности преступника. Исследование позволило обнаружить существенные различия между осужденными и правопослушными гражданами в разноуровневых свойствах интегральной индивидуальности, касающихся эмоциональной и коммуникативной сфер личности, а также жизненных целей. С учетом выявленных различий определена группа значимых факторов, характеризующих внутренние психологические аспекты, которые способствовали совершению тяжкого преступления против личности. Подтверждается актуальность исследования проблемы интегральной индивидуальности осужденных, позволяющая наметить новые ориентиры для осуществления психологической работы в местах лишения свободы. Предложены дальнейшие шаги, способствующие решению исследовательских задач в теоретической и практической плоскостях в поле пенитенциарной проблематики. An attempt is made to study the phenomenon of integral individuality of a person through the prism of criminal behavior that led to the commission of a serious criminal act. The article considers the problem of the need to understand the complex inner world of the criminal, which allows to reveal the specific deep mechanisms that cause the criminalization of the individual. Topical issues related to the identification of the features of the structure of the integral personality of men convicted of serious crimes against the person and serving criminal sentences in places of deprivation of liberty are formulated. It is stated that the consideration and study of the phenomenon of integral individuality will allow us to find the optimal research path that will allow us to reveal the peculiar, individual characteristics of the criminal’s personality. The study revealed significant differences between convicted and law-abiding citizens in the multi-level properties of integral individuality, concerning the emotional and communicative spheres of the individual, as well as life goals. Taking into account the revealed differences, a group of significant factors characterizing internal psychological aspects that contributed to the commission of a serious crime against a person is determined. The relevance of the study of the problem of the integral individuality of convicts is confirmed, which allows us to outline new guidelines for the implementation of psychological work in places of deprivation of liberty. Further steps are proposed that contribute to the solution of research problems in the theoretical and practical planes in the field of penitentiary problems.

Criminological Study of Drug Distribution in Lubuklinggau City

Drug crimes are a serious crime against humanity, which has a tremendous impact, particularly on the young generation. Drug crimes also count as transnational crime, considering that the distribution and trade of drugs are executed illegally across national borders. As a legal state, to uphold the rule of law is to eradicate the distribution and use of narcotics, specifically in Lubuklinggau. This situation became the basis for us to explore the problem: how is the criminology study of drug distribution in Lubuklingau city?. The prevention of drug distribution in Lubuklinggau today needs improvement, particularly in terms of facilities. Advanced detection tool is necessary to improve the prevention of drug trafficking. Professional guidance and prevention efforts are made in various locations, such as government offices, schools, campuses, with supervision from police officers. The enforcement system also needs to give severe punishments to offenders.

Does She Kill Like He Kills? Comparison of Homicides Committed by Women with Homicides Committed by Men in Spain

The homicides committed by women make up between 5 and 15% of the total number of homicides recorded in the world. Studies based on the gender of the perpetrator have been uncommon due to the low level of prevalence of female homicide offenders, but this tendency is currently undergoing a change. Nonetheless, in general, there is still limited knowledge of the role of women in serious crime, which makes the task of criminal policy more difficult. Therefore, the present investigation seeks to perform a comparative analysis of the homicides committed by women (n = 56) with those committed by men (n = 521). The cases in this sample correspond to homicides solved in Spain by the Civil Guard between the years 2013 and 2018. The findings of the study show that homicides by women have distinctive characteristics, with 3 out of every 4 taking place in the family environment, and these being dominated by cases of filicide. The victims are underage males with some type of vulnerability and a mental disorder. The female perpetrators tend to have a partner and live with somebody, have a mental disorder and do not present a prior criminal record. With regard to the crime, homicides perpetrated by women take place in the afternoon, without witnesses and in residences; when it comes to the criminal behaviours, they use weapons of opportunity, above all asphyxiating methods, they alter the scene and do not flee from the scene of the crime.

11. Inchoate crime

Inchoate offences include attempts, conspiracies and assisting and encouraging under the Serious Crime Act 2007. Creating inchoate offences is difficult because the conduct involved will tend to be far removed from the type of harm necessary to charge a person under the relevant substantive offence. The actus reus of inchoate offences can encompass a wide range of behaviour, such as ‘an agreement’ in conspiracy or mere words of encouragement in assisting and encouraging. Given the broad nature of the actus reus, inchoates must be kept within reasonable limits by requirements of serious mens rea. This chapter deals with inchoate offences and considers the limits on liability for attempts of conspiracy and other secondary liability. It also discusses jurisdictional issues, common law conspiracies, procedural issues relating to conspiracies, encouragement and assistance under the Serious Crime Act 2007 and the impossibility of committing an inchoate crime.