The Role of Occupational Attainment, Labor Market Structure, and Earnings Inequality on the Relative Earnings of Mexican Americans: 1986-1992

1997 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Pagan ◽  
Gilberto Cardenas
Author(s):  
И.Б. Пржиленская

cовременный рынок труда заинтересован в специалистах, обладающих транспрофессиональными компетенциями. В статье обосновывается необходимость ориентации на транспрофессионализм при разработке содержания профессионального образования специалистов в области культуры и образования; подчеркивается роль социально-гуманитарных знаний для их подготовки к работе в условиях синтеза и конвергенции профессиональных компетенций, принадлежащих к разным профессиональным областям; отмечается потребность в реализации транспрофессиональных моделей подготовки специалистов в сфере культуры и образования за счет совместных усилий представителей социономических профессий, педагогов, менеджеров, психологов, специалистов-практиков. the modern labor market is interested in specialists with trans-professional competencies. The article substantiates the need for orientation towards professionalism in the development of the content of professional education of specialists in the field of culture and education; emphasizes the role of social and humanitarian knowledge in preparing these specialists for work in the context of the synthesis and convergence of professional competencies belonging to different professional fields; there is a need for the implementation of trans-professional models of training specialists in the field of culture and education due to the joint efforts of representatives of socionomic professions, teachers, managers, psychologists, and practitioners.


Author(s):  
Derick R. C. Almeida ◽  
João A. S. Andrade ◽  
Adelaide Duarte ◽  
Marta Simões

AbstractThis paper examines human capital inequality and how it relates to earnings inequality in Portugal using data from Quadros de Pessoal for the period 1986–2017. The objective is threefold: (i) show how the distribution of human capital has evolved over time; (ii) investigate the association between human capital inequality and earnings inequality; and (iii) analyse the role of returns to schooling, together with human capital inequality, in the explanation of earnings inequality. Our findings suggest that human capital inequality, computed based on the distribution of average years of schooling of employees working in the Portuguese private labour market, records a positive trend until 2007 and decreases from this year onwards, suggesting the existence of a Kuznets curve of education relating educational attainment levels and education inequality. Based on the decomposition of a Generalized Entropy index (Theil N) for earnings inequality, we observe that inequality in the distribution of human capital plays an important role in the explanation of earnings inequality, although this role has become less important over the last decade. Using Mincerian earnings regressions to estimate the returns to schooling together with the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition of real hourly earnings we confirm that there are two important forces associated with the observed decrease in earnings inequality: a reduction in education inequality and compressed returns to schooling, mainly in tertiary education.


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