A Comparative Study of UK and France: The Impact of Education Inequality on Social Mobility in the Two Countries

In the practice of all countries committed to educational equity, the policies and measures of educational equity are not only affected by the population composition, ethnic type, religious belief and other factors, but also more easily restricted by the political system, economic system, social and cultural development level of a country. Education has become widely associated with ending social inequalities by facilitating the upward mobility of people who obtain a high level of education, no matter their current social class or family background. This paper presented a comparative analysis of education inequality between the UK and France and how does it negatively influence social mobility. After analyzing policy documents and researches from scholars, several hypotheses have been justified. There are not only economic and social factors, but also intelligence level, non-intelligence factors, scale control and quality requirements of the education system, curriculum content, teaching methods, and allocation policies of the education administrative institutions that contributed to social inequality.

An Empirical Study of Educational Inequalities in Rural and Urban Areas of Pakistan

The central object of this paper is to give detailed analysis of educational disparity in Pakistan. This study is examined all over provinces of rural and urban of Pakistan including Islamabad for the period of 2014-15 and the data is used from PSLM. In particular, we calculate education inequality all over the population and beyond the employed population. This study is investigated individually male and female having age equal to 15 years and over and are not being enrolled in any educational institutions. The study finds that there is lack of education over the populace. Whereas, strength of education disparity is extremely low athwart in employed people. When we compare rural-urban areas of Pakistan. The study find that urban areas are less disparity in education as compare to rustic areas. The study also investigates that education inequality are extra serious amid female than male. The province wise contrast shows that education inequality is high in Baluchistan and Sindh while there is less education disparity is Islamabad.

Pengentasan Kemiskinan Berbasis Kearifan Lokal pada Masyarakat Desa

This article aims to answer problems related to the factors causing poverty in rural communities, how to eradicate poverty with local wisdom approaches, and how to empower rural communities in the poverty reduction process. The method in this study is to use a literature study. This study indicates that the factors that cause poverty in rural communities are as follows: regional conditions, weak economic growth, low education, inequality, a sense of dependence, and comfort in the zone. Poverty alleviation through local wisdom can be done by exploring natural resources and self-potential that exist in rural communities. Then the empowerment of rural communities in the poverty reduction process requires four principles: equality, participation, independence, and sustainability.AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk menjawab permasalahan yang terkait dengan faktor penyebab kemiskinan pada masyarakat pedesaan, bagaimana mengentaskan kemiskinan dengan pendekatan kearifan lokal, dan bagaimana memberdayakan masyarakat pedesaan dalam proses penanggulangan kemiskinan. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor penyebab kemiskinan pada masyarakat pedesaan adalah sebagai berikut: kondisi wilayah, pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lemah, pendidikan yang rendah, ketimpangan, rasa ketergantungan, dan kenyamanan dalam zona. Pengentasan kemiskinan melalui kearifan lokal dapat dilakukan dengan menggali sumber daya alam dan potensi diri yang ada pada masyarakat pedesaan. Kemudian pemberdayaan masyarakat pedesaan dalam proses penanggulangan kemiskinan membutuhkan empat prinsip: kesetaraan, partisipasi, kemandirian, dan keberlanjutan.

Human Capital Disparities and Earnings Inequality in The Portuguese Private Labour Market

This paper examines human capital inequality and how it relates to earnings inequality in Portugal using data from Quadros de Pessoal for the period 1986–2017. The objective is threefold: (i) show how the distribution of human capital has evolved over time; (ii) investigate the association between human capital inequality and earnings inequality; and (iii) analyse the role of returns to schooling, together with human capital inequality, in the explanation of earnings inequality. Our findings suggest that human capital inequality, computed based on the distribution of average years of schooling of employees working in the Portuguese private labour market, records a positive trend until 2007 and decreases from this year onwards, suggesting the existence of a Kuznets curve of education relating educational attainment levels and education inequality. Based on the decomposition of a Generalized Entropy index (Theil N) for earnings inequality, we observe that inequality in the distribution of human capital plays an important role in the explanation of earnings inequality, although this role has become less important over the last decade. Using Mincerian earnings regressions to estimate the returns to schooling together with the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition of real hourly earnings we confirm that there are two important forces associated with the observed decrease in earnings inequality: a reduction in education inequality and compressed returns to schooling, mainly in tertiary education.

REPRESENTASI KESENJANGAN SOSIAL DALAM FILM PARASITE (ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA ROLAND BARTHES)

This study aims to identify the social inequality represented in the film Parasite. This research uses Roland Barthes' semiotic analysis method which consists of two stages of marking, namely denotation and connotation. Supporting data in this study uses literature study to obtain relevant theories and data that can be used to solve problems. The results showed that in denotation and connotation there is a meaning of social inequality in the Parasite film which is shown through several markers in the form of audio and visual. Forms of social inequality such as education inequality, inequality in living environment, gap of opportunity. Surrounding myths such as the myth of education fever and the sanpo generation. Meanwhile, the ideology that surrounds it is the ideology of individualism, which is delivered by the capitalist economic system.

Education, Inequality, and Political Behavior

Educational level is one of the strongest factors in explaining how citizens behave in politics. Political scientists have shown time and again that the higher their level of formal education, the more people are interested in politics, the more they trust politicians, and the more they participate in politics. A strong educational gradient can be observed at almost every form of participation, and in many Western liberal democracies. Far less attention has been given to the political consequences of this gap in participation between the well- and the less-educated. In the 21st century, educational level has turned out to be a driver behind the rise of new social and political divides in Western democracies. Increasingly, education is studied separately from class or income as a source of political attitudes, political behavior, and social and political inequalities. It is a very relevant factor to understand the contours of the contemporary political landscape in consolidated Western democracies. Traditional cleavages are eroding, and rising levels of education have been creating new social groups and new political inequalities between educational groups. In many Western democracies, the well-educated have come to dominate democratic institutions. This rise of a political meritocracy has led to policy incongruences in favor of the well-educated and is a source of resentment among the lesser-educated. For example, education has been one of the main explanatory factors in the vote for Brexit, the support for Trump in the United States, and the election of Macron and the rise of the Yellow Vests movement in France.