Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) White Matter Hyperintensities in Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome With or Without Migraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 088307382110279
Author(s):  
Salman Rashid ◽  
Samantha Weaver ◽  
Khaled Al-Robaidi ◽  
Leon Dure ◽  
Sumit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Cyclic Vomiting

Background: Cyclic vomiting syndrome is classified as a possible subset of migraine. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of white matter hyperintensities are well documented in migraineurs, but not in patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome. This study focuses on white matter hyperintensities in children with cyclic vomiting syndrome. Methods: We investigated our database of outpatient medical records for the diagnosis codes associated with cyclic vomiting syndrome from January 2008 to October 2018. Results: Brain MRIs were obtained in 31 of 185 patients (∼17%) with a diagnosis code related to cyclic vomiting syndrome. We excluded 13 of 31 patients because of the inaccessibility of images or a confounding diagnosis. Remaining patients were divided into 2 groups: 13 of 18 cyclic vomiting syndrome with migraine (CVS+M), and 5 of 18 cyclic vomiting syndrome without migraine (CVS-M). We found that 3 of the 13 patients in the CVS +M group had migraine-like white matter hyperintensities compared to 0 of the 5 in the CVS-M group. Conclusion: This small study suggests a possible relationship between white matter hyperintensities and CVS+M. A larger study is required to validate these findings.

Brain magnetic resonance imaging does not contribute to the diagnosis of chronic neuroborreliosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 755-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aalto ◽  
J. Sjöwall ◽  
L. Davidsson ◽  
P. Forsberg ◽  
Ö. Smedby
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Borrelia infections, especially chronic neuroborreliosis (NB), may cause considerable diagnostic problems. This diagnosis is based on symptoms and findings in the cerebrospinal fluid but is not always conclusive. Purpose: To evaluate brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in chronic NB, to compare the findings with healthy controls, and to correlate MRI findings with disease duration. Material and Methods: Sixteen well-characterized patients with chronic NB and 16 matched controls were examined in a 1.5T scanner with a standard head coil. T1- (with and without gadolinium), T2-, and diffusion-weighted imaging plus fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging were used. Results: White matter lesions and lesions in the basal ganglia were seen in 12 patients and 10 controls (no significant difference). Subependymal lesions were detected in patients down to the age of 25 and in the controls down to the age of 43. The number of lesions was correlated to age both in patients (ρ = 0.83, P<0.01) and in controls (ρ = 0.61, P<0.05), but not to the duration of disease. Most lesions were detected with FLAIR, but many also with T2-weighted imaging. Conclusion: A number of MRI findings were detected in patients with chronic NB, although the findings were unspecific when compared with matched controls and did not correlate with disease duration. However, subependymal lesions may constitute a potential finding in chronic NB.

Late presentation of NMOSD as rapidly progressive leukoencephalopathy with atypical clinical and radiological findings

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elia Sechi ◽  
Alberto Addis ◽  
Lucia Batzu ◽  
Sara Mariotto ◽  
Sergio Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Brain abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are highly heterogeneous and often non-specific. Extensive white matter involvement has been described and frequently manifests with encephalopathy requiring prompt intervention. Rarely, this may represent the only manifestation at onset without concurrent suggestive features of the disease, thus making diagnosis challenging. NMOSD may potentially occur at any age, but it seems that this disorder has distinctive clinical features in the elderly. We describe a case of NMOSD presenting as rapidly progressive leukoencephalopathy with atypical clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a 69-year-old woman.

scholarly journals White matter regions with low microstructure in young adults are associated with white matter hyperintensities in late life

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Lao ◽  
Robert S. Vorburger ◽  
Atul Narkhede ◽  
Yunglin Gazes ◽  
Kay C. Igwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter Damage ◽  
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractBackgroundWhite matter hyperintensities (WMH) are areas of increased signal observed on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that reflect macrostructural white matter damage frequently observed in aging. The extent to which diminished microstructure precedes or results from white matter damage is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that white matter areas that show normatively lower microstructure are most susceptible to develop WMH.MethodsFive hundred fifty-seven older adults (age: 73.9±5.7yrs) underwent diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Diffusion weighted imaging scans were processed into parametric maps of fractional anisotropy (FA) and T2-weighted MRI scans were segmented into WMH. All images were spatially normalized to standard space. A FA template was created to represent normative values from a separate, independent sample of young, healthy adults (N=49, age: 25.8±2.8yrs) and a WMH frequency template was created from the segmented WMH in the older adults. We compared FA values between areas defined as WMH with those defined as normal appearing white matter (NAWM) in the older participants. White matter hyperintensity frequency was binned (0-5%, 5-10%, 10-15%, 15-20%, >20%) and we determined whether WMH frequency bins were different by normative FA values defined in the younger group.ResultsFractional anisotropy values were lower (p<0.001) in WMH regions compared with NAWM regions in the older sample. Areas with higher WMH frequency in older adults had lower FA values in younger adults (5-10%>10-15%>15-20%; p<0.001).DiscussionLow FA values are observed in frank WMH, but FA is also normatively low in regions with high WMH frequency prior to damage. Regions with normatively lower microstructure are more susceptible to future damage from factors such as chronic hypoperfusion or pathology.

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