Role of MRI in Pre-Operative Assessment of Patients with Advanced Ovarian Cancer Candidate for Cytoreductive Surgery, A Brief Review

When it comes to gynecologic cancer, ovarian cancer with no doubt is the deadliest and most challenging. The reason often falls into the late presentation, in fact the clinical symptoms are not prominent until the disease is disseminated In patients with advanced ovarian cancer cytoreductive surgery procedure is the key element in treatment plan. One of the best tools to predict successful and complete cytoreductive surgery is using prior imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging is one of the newly described imaging modality for advanced ovarian cancer patients selected for cytoreductive surgery. Here we discussed the application of MRI in advanced ovarian cancer underwent cytoreductive surgery.

Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Oral Cancer: An Overview

Oral cancer is one of the six leading cancers in the world and is a constant threat to the health sector in developing countries as well as developed ones. Late presentation, due to lack of awareness and invasive incisional biopsy is the crucial factor for this. Nowadays, scientists are trying to find out an easy and reliable method of early diagnosis of oral cancer and molecular biomarkers might be very helpful for that. This review was aimed to evaluate the published literature on molecular biomarkers which are related to oral cancer. For this, advanced searching was applied by specific keywords in PubMed-Medline resource database and found 12466 publications were clinical trials on humans. Then after applying all inclusion criteria, 19 articles were included finally in the review. This paper uncovered that recognition of biomarkers will be useful for the early detection of oral cancer and their prognosis after treatment. We can suggest that p53, EGFR, miR-34a, miR-143 estimation is important to decide the conceivable risk of oral malignant growth advancement in the speculated oral lesion and after the curative procedure EGFR, Podoplanin and miR-21can aid us regarding the prognosis of patient.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 01 January’22 Page: 11-16

Spectrum of Nasopharyngeal Cancers Seen in the Department of Radiation Oncology University College Hospital, Ibadan

Background: Nasopharyngeal cancer was initially thought to be an uncommon disease in Nigeria, but recent studies have shown a steady increase in the incidence of the disease with an associated increase in morbidity and mortality due to late presentation. Method: This was a retrospective review of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer seen in the department of Radiation Oncology U.C.H. Ibadan from 2000 to 2009. Patient's bio-data, clinical-pathologic presentation and site of referral were retrieved using data extraction form and subsequently analysed using Micrsoft Exel (2013). Results: A total of 205 patients with histologically confirmed nasopharyngeal cancer seen during the study period were analysed. The mean age of the patients was 41.7 years with 144 (70.2%) males and 61(29.8%) females. The commonest presenting complaint was cervical lymphadenopathy in 98.5% of patients followed by nasal blockade, nasal discharge and epistaxis with 82.0%, 78.0% and 51.2% respectively. Undifferentiated carcinoma was the commonest histologic type (68.8%). Majority of patients were civil servants (33.2%). The habit of smoking and alcohol ingestion were unspecified in majority of patients (43.4%). Ingestion of smoked fish has been found in majority of patients 122(59.5%) with the disease in this study. Most of the patients came from southern part of the country which coincide with geographic distribution of Burkitt lymphoma, hence the possibility of Ebsteinbarr virus (EBV) as one of the likely causative agents. Conclusion: Nasopharyngeal cancer is common. Cervical lymphadenopathy, nasal blockade with undifferentiated histology and late presentation were the norm. Referrals were from all the regions of the country.

Alveolar Echinococcosis—A Challenging Task for the Hepatobiliary Surgeon

(1) Background: Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is an ultimately fatal disease, whose only curative treatment is surgery. Due to its late presentation extended liver resections are often necessary. The true benefit of extensive surgery has yet to be established; (2) Methods: We present a single center experience of 33 cases of Echinococcus multilocularis that have been treated at a high-volume hepatobiliary surgery center between 2004 and 2021. (3) Results: Of the 33 patients 24 patients underwent major liver resection (73%). In addition to the liver resection patients frequently underwent complex extrahepatic procedures such as lymphadenectomy (n = 21, 61%), vascular resections and reconstructions (n = 9, 27%) or resections and reconstruction of the extrahepatic bile duct (n = 11, 33%). Seven patients suffered from ≥ grade III complications (21%). Complete resection was achieved in 17 patients. Fourteen patients had R1 resections and two had macroscopic parasitic remnant (R2). Progressive disease was reported in three patients (The two R2 patients and one R1 resected patient). At a median follow-up of 54 months no mortality has occurred in our cohort; (4) Conclusions: Liver resection remains the gold standard for AE. Even in extensive disease the combination of complex resection and perioperative benzimidazoles can achieve favorable long-term outcomes.