Pedestrian Safety and the Built Environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Stoker ◽  
Andrea Garfinkel-Castro ◽  
Meleckidzedeck Khayesi ◽  
Wilson Odero ◽  
Martin N. Mwangi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Pedestrian Safety ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Urban And Regional Planning ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Injury

Urban and regional planning has a contribution to make toward improving pedestrian safety, particularly in view of the fact that about 273,000 pedestrians were killed in road traffic crashes in 2010. The road is a built environments that should enhance safety and security for pedestrians, but this ideal is not always the case. This article presents an overview of the evidence on the risks that pedestrians face in the built environment. This article shows that design of the roadway and development of different land uses can either increase or reduce pedestrian road traffic injury. Planners need to design or modify the built environment to minimize risk for pedestrians.

Road Traffic Injury in Lagos, Nigeria: Assessing Prehospital Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasiru A. Ibrahim ◽  
Abdul Wahab O. Ajani ◽  
Ibrahim A. Mustafa ◽  
Rufai A. Balogun ◽  
Mobolaji A. Oludara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
Initial Care ◽  
Lagos State

AbstractIntroductionInjuries are the third most important cause of overall deaths globally with one-quarter resulting from road traffic crashes. Majority of these deaths occur before arrival in the hospital and can be reduced with prompt and efficient prehospital care. The aim of this study was to highlight the burden of road traffic injury (RTI) in Lagos, Nigeria and assess the effectiveness of prehospital care, especially the role of Lagos State Ambulance Service (LASAMBUS) in providing initial care and transportation of the injured to the hospital.MethodsA three-year, retrospective review of road traffic injured patients seen at the Surgical Emergency Room (SER) of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Nigeria, from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014 was conducted. Parameters extracted from the Institution Trauma Registry included bio-data, date and time of injury, date and time of arrival in SER, host status, type of vehicle involved, and region(s) injured. Information on how patients came to the hospital and outcome in SER also were recorded. Results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS; IBM Corporation; Armonk, New York USA) version 16.ResultsA total of 23,537 patients were seen during the study period. Among them, 16,024 (68.1%) had trauma. Road traffic crashes were responsible in 5,629 (35.0%) of trauma cases. Passengers constituted 42.0% of the injured, followed by pedestrians (34.0%). Four wheelers were the most frequent vehicle type involved (54.0%), followed by motor cycles (30.0%). Regions mainly affected were head and neck (40.0%) and lower limb (29.0%). Less than one-quarter (24.0%) presented to the emergency room within an hour, while one-third arrived between one and six hours following injury. Relatives brought 55.4%, followed by bystanders (21.4%). Only 2.3% had formal prehospital care and were brought to the hospital by LASAMBUS. They also had significantly shorter arrival time. One hundred and nine patients (1.9%) died in the emergency room while 235 bodies were brought in dead.ConclusionLess than three percent among the victims of road crashes had formal prehospital care and shorter hospital arrival time. Current facilities for emergency prehospital care in Lagos are inadequate and require improvement. Training lay first-responders, who bring the majority of the injured to hospital, in basic first-aid may improve prehospital care in Lagos.IbrahimNA, AjaniAWO, MustafaIA, Balogun RA, OludaraMA, Idowu OE, SolagberuBA. Road traffic injury in Lagos, Nigeria: assessing prehospital care. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(4):424–430.

scholarly journals Host, vehicular and environmental factors responsible for road traffic crashes in a nigerian city: identifiable issues for road traffic injury control

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Oladapo Adeoye ◽  
Dotun Musiliu Kadri ◽  
Jibril Oyekunle Bello ◽  
Chima Kingsley Pascal ◽  
Lukman Olajide Abdur-Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
Injury Control

scholarly journals The Silent Epidemic of Road Traffic Injury: What Can Music Therapists do About It?

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Gilbertson
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Traffic Injury

Can music therapists do anything about road traffic injury and its effects? Road traffic crashes are responsible for up to 1.2 million deaths and up to 50 million injuries globally each year. One quarter of these injuries are traumatic brain injuries. In this paper, the literature related to music therapy and traumatic brain injury is reviewed. By analysing this literature, it becomes apparent that music therapists have provided for those injured almost to the exclusion of those affected by traumatic brain injury, the family, the community and the society. Using literature related to trauma, the author discusses ways in which music therapists may change the scope of music therapy in relation to caring for people affected by road traffic injury and considers the role music therapists may play in the prevention of road traffic injury in the future.

scholarly journals Piloting a multidisciplinary and integrated road traffic injury surveillance system in Kaduna Metropolis, Kaduna Nigeria.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obafemi Joseph Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Fatal Injury ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Traffic Injury

Abstract Background African has the highest road fatality rate per 100,000 population, but Nigeria accounts for a quarter of the World Health Organization Afro region road traffic injury (RTI) related deaths. The Nigeria Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) is the sole agency for RTI surveillance. RTI data generated from a single source is inadequate, under-reported, and defective for effective planning to achieve SDG 3.6 target. This pilot study aimed to describe under-reporting of single RTI surveillance data source by FRSC, and feasibility of multidisciplinary and integrated RTI surveillance systems in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria. Methods The WHO Injury Surveillance Guideline, and Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Surveillance Training Manual were adapted for this study. Selected RTI reporting sites for this study were FRSC, police, and three major health facilities. Trained data collectors used a pretested RTI data tool adapted from the existing tools to collect information on road traffic crashes and the injured from February – July 2016. Data linked by the deterministic method were merged, duplicates removed, and analysed for frequencies, proportions, and Chi-square odds ratio for associations between exposure variables and moderate to fatal injury. Statistical significance for all calculations was set at p-Value < 0.05. Results Of the 667 road traffic crashes (RTC), FRSC reported 103 (15.4%). Of the 1,062 people injured, FRSC and Police reported 183 (17.2%), and 381 (35.9%) respectively, pedestrians were 180 (17%), and 374 (35.2%) were in 25–34 years age group. Overall, 110 (10.4%) were fatally injured and died including 62.7% (69/110) who were initially rescued alive from the crash site. Among the 252 motorcycle riders, protective helmet was used by 26 (10.3%). Also, 136 (26.4%) vehicle users from 516, used a seat belt during the crash. Moderate to fatal injury was associated with being a vehicle operator during the crash (OR 1.7, C.I. 1.3–2.2, p = 0.000). Conclusion Road traffic crashes and injuries were under-reported with single source RTI surveillance systems common to low and middle – income countries like Nigeria. However, a multidisciplinary and integrated RTI surveillance system is feasible and recommended to generate quality data for action.

scholarly journals Identification of factors affecting the road traffic injury rate

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 735-742
Author(s):  
Gulnara Yakupova ◽  
Polina Buyvol ◽  
Vladimir Shepelev
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Injury

scholarly journals Prevalence of road traffic injury and its associated factors at hospitals in Wolaita Zone

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Hailu Weldemariam ◽  
Tigabu Addisu Lendado
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
Trauma Victims ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background Road traffic injury is defined as fatal or non-fatal cases incurred as a result of road traffic crashes. It accounts for an estimated 1.2 million people death and as many as 50 million injury in each year worldwide. This study was aimed to determine prevalence and associated risk factors of road traffic injury.Objective To determine the prevalence and its associated risk factors of road traffic injury.Method Facility based cross-sectional study with sample size of 309 was used for conducting study in two selected hospitals in Wolaita Zone.Systematic sampling method was applied to select study subject based on inclusion criteria. Data was collected by questionnaires which was developed from reviewing different literatures and analysed by using SPSS version 20statistical software.Result Among the total of trauma victims who visited emergency department of hospitals, approximately half of victims (49.2%) were due to road traffic injury followed by falling injury 60 (19.4%) and burns 35 (11.3%). After adjusting for confounding in multivariate logistic regression analysis, sex and living places are independent factors of road traffic injury. Two of them are highly significantly associated with road traffic injury and being male and urban resident had thirteen times AOR 13.08 95% CI (6.15-27.85) and more than two times AOR 2.69 95%CI (1.55-4.64) increased odd of road traffic injury respectively.Conclusion Road traffic injury was leading injury types among trauma victims visiting emergency department of Hospitals. Therefore, strong road safety policy at local and country level is needed to reduce vulnerability of individuals and vehicle related injury.

scholarly journals An Assessment on the Locational Pattern of Petrol Filling Stations along Lasu-Isheri Road Corridor

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-29
Author(s):  
Esther O. Akinsulire ◽  
Samson O. Fadare
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
On The Road

This study aimed at assessing the location and spatial distribution of petrol filling stations along LASU/Isheri Road, Ojo, Lagos state. The objectives are to map out all the petrol filling stations in along Lasu/Isheri road; to examine the volume of traffic along the road corridor; to determine the contribution of petrol filling stations to the traffic volume on the road, and to ascertain the road traffic challenges that are caused by the petrol filling stations (PFS). Geographical Positioning System (GPS) was employed to collect primary data; also, questionnaires and traffic count sheets were employed. The study found that the PFS along the road corridor is clustered with a Z-score of -7.34 and NNI of 0.440285. Also, the maximum peak hour volume was estimated to be 4198.6 pcu/hr. The PFS along the corridor are seen to contribute significantly to the traffic volume on the corridor. Finally, the dominant traffic challenges along the corridor include traffic gridlock which sometimes results into road traffic crashes which are triggered by the concentration of PFS in the study area, the proximity of PFS to a road intersection, overflow of the queue into the roadway, and to a minimal extent parking of tankers along the roadway and lack of setback. This study suggests strategies that can be adopted for locating PFS to ensure the free flow of traffic along the road corridor where they are located.

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