The Strategy and Advantage in Use of an Electronic Probe for Attachment Measurement

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.B. Clark ◽  
I. Magnusson ◽  
Y.Y. Namgung ◽  
M.C.K. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Large Error ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Designed Experiments ◽  
Electronic Probe ◽  
Periodontal Probing ◽  
Attachment Level

Attachment level has been used as the "gold standard" for assessment of the progression of periodontal disease. However, the measurement of attachment level by periodontal probing can be subject to a large number of error sources. Recently, we have designed experiments by using an electronic probe to identify the magnitude of error components due to the instrument, gingival tissue condition, position or probing angle, and time interval between replicate probings. Even with a very careful clinical setting, a few percent of uncontrollable large errors or outliers could not be avoided. A previously used 'option-3' probing scheme to reduce the unexpected large error is justified from the mathematical viewpoint.

scholarly journals Limits and Opportunities of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Rapid Tests: An Experienced-Based Perspective

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Verena Schildgen ◽  
Sabrina Demuth ◽  
Jessica Lüsebrink ◽  
Oliver Schildgen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Test Strategy ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Pilot Sample ◽  
Lateral Flow Tests ◽  
Throat Washing

Background: Due to the steadily rising case numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infections worldwide, there is an increasing need for reliable rapid diagnostic devices in addition to existing gold standard PCR methods. Actually, public attention is focused on antigen assays including lateral flow tests (LFTs) as a diagnostic alternative. Therefore, different LFTs were analyzed regarding their performance in a clinical setting. Material and Methods: A pilot sample panel of 13 bronchoalveolar fluids (BALFs) and 60 throat washing (TW) samples with confirmed PCR results, as well as eight throat washes invalid by PCR, were tested with the BIOCREDIT test (RapiGEN), the PanbioTM assay (Abbott), and the SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test (Roche). Conclusion: The analyzed antigen test showed an interassay correlation of 27.4%, with overall specificities ranging from 19.4% to 87.1%, while sensitivities of the respective tests ranged between 33.3% and 88.1%. Because these assays did not entirely meet all high expectations, their benefit has to be carefully evaluated for the respective test strategy and setting.

scholarly journals A morphological study of the blood vessels associated with periodontal probing depth in human gingival tissue

2011 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunji YOSHIDA ◽  
Kenzou NOGUCHI ◽  
Kosuke IMURA ◽  
Yoko MIWA ◽  
Masataka SUNOHARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Periodontal Probing

Distributed Forcing of Forecast and Assimilation Error Systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian F. Farrell ◽  
Petros J. Ioannou
Keyword(s):  
Forecast Error ◽  
Model Error ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Error Growth ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Linear Observer ◽  
Error System ◽  
Optimal Set ◽  
Observer System ◽  
Intrinsic Error

Abstract Temporally distributed deterministic and stochastic excitation of the tangent linear forecast system governing forecast error growth and the tangent linear observer system governing assimilation error growth is examined. The method used is to determine the optimal set of distributed deterministic and stochastic forcings of the forecast and observer systems over a chosen time interval. Distributed forcing of an unstable system addresses the effect of model error on forecast error in the presumably unstable forecast error system. Distributed forcing of a stable system addresses the effect on the assimilation of model error in the presumably stable data assimilation system viewed as a stable observer. In this study, model error refers both to extrinsic physical error forcing, such as that which arises from unresolved cumulus activity, and to intrinsic error sources arising from imperfections in the numerical model and in the physical parameterizations.

Risk Assessment for Oral Diseases: Reaction Paper

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
J.G. Caton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Attachment Level ◽  
Disease Activity Measurement

The "gold standard" outcome measure for periodontal diseases is clinical loss of attachment measured with a periodontal probe. All risk factors for periodontal diseases must be estimated against this standard, which provides post hoc evidence of past disease activity. Measurement of clinical attachment level is crude; therefore, rather large changes must be recorded for specificity to be ensured. This apparently results in rather poor sensitivity, masking good predictors that could prove valuable on a population, individual, and site basis. If risk assessment for periodontal diseases is to advance, this problem must be solved.

Reproducibility of Periodontal Probing Using a Conventional Manual and an Automated Force-Controlled Electronic Probe

1995 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Fang Wang ◽  
Knut N. Leknes ◽  
Grenith J. Zimmerman ◽  
Thorarinn J. Sigurdsson ◽  
Ulf M.E. Wikesjö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Probe ◽  
Periodontal Probing

scholarly journals AI-Based Video Clipping of Soccer Events

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 990-1008
Author(s):  
Joakim Olav Valand ◽  
Haris Kadragic ◽  
Steven Alexander Hicks ◽  
Vajira Lasantha Thambawita ◽  
Cise Midoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Boundary Detection ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Network Architectures ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Current Gold Standard ◽  
Neural Network Architectures ◽  
Human Operators

The current gold standard for extracting highlight clips from soccer games is the use of manual annotations and clippings, where human operators define the start and end of an event and trim away the unwanted scenes. This is a tedious, time-consuming, and expensive task, to the extent of being rendered infeasible for use in lower league games. In this paper, we aim to automate the process of highlight generation using logo transition detection, scene boundary detection, and optional scene removal. We experiment with various approaches, using different neural network architectures on different datasets, and present two models that automatically find the appropriate time interval for extracting goal events. These models are evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively, and the results show that we can detect logo and scene transitions with high accuracy and generate highlight clips that are highly acceptable for viewers. We conclude that there is considerable potential in automating the overall soccer video clipping process.

Attachment level measurements with a constant force electronic probe

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Magnusson ◽  
W. B. Clark ◽  
R. G. Marks ◽  
C. H. Gibbs ◽  
M. Manouchehr-Pour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constant Force ◽  
Electronic Probe ◽  
Attachment Level

scholarly journals Efficient and Accurate Extracting of Unstructured EHRs on Cancer Therapy Responses for the Development of RECIST Natural Language Processing Tools: Part I, the Corpus

2020 ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalun Li ◽  
Yung-Hung Luo ◽  
Jason A. Wampfler ◽  
Samuel M. Rubinstein ◽  
Firat Tiryaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Clinical Notes ◽  
Standard Data

PURPOSE Electronic health records (EHRs) are created primarily for nonresearch purposes; thus, the amounts of data are enormous, and the data are crude, heterogeneous, incomplete, and largely unstructured, presenting challenges to effective analyses for timely, reliable results. Particularly, research dealing with clinical notes relevant to patient care and outcome is seldom conducted, due to the complexity of data extraction and accurate annotation in the past. RECIST is a set of widely accepted research criteria to evaluate tumor response in patients undergoing antineoplastic therapy. The aim for this study was to identify textual sources for RECIST information in EHRs and to develop a corpus of pharmacotherapy and response entities for development of natural language processing tools. METHODS We focused on pharmacotherapies and patient responses, using 55,120 medical notes (n = 72 types) in Mayo Clinic’s EHRs from 622 randomly selected patients who signed authorization for research. Using the Multidocument Annotation Environment tool, we applied and evaluated predefined keywords, and time interval and note-type filters for identifying RECIST information and established a gold standard data set for patient outcome research. RESULTS Key words reduced clinical notes to 37,406, and using four note types within 12 months postdiagnosis further reduced the number of notes to 5,005 that were manually annotated, which covered 97.9% of all cases (n = 609 of 622). The resulting data set of 609 cases (n = 503 for training and n = 106 for validation purpose), contains 736 fully annotated, deidentified clinical notes, with pharmacotherapies and four response end points: complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease. This resource is readily expandable to specific drugs, regimens, and most solid tumors. CONCLUSION We have established a gold standard data set to accommodate development of biomedical informatics tools in accelerating research into antineoplastic therapeutic response.

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