A quarter-car suspension model for dynamic evaluations of an in-wheel electric vehicle

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (9) ◽  
pp. 1139-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambarish Kulkarni ◽  
Sagheer A Ranjha ◽  
Ajay Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Permanent Magnet Motor ◽  
Plot Analysis ◽  
Car Suspension ◽  
Switch Reluctance Motor ◽  
Suspension Dynamics ◽  
Quarter Car ◽  
Derived Design ◽  
Suspension Model

Electric vehicles (EVs) are an alternative architecture in the automotive industry that provide reduced emissions. This research has developed a switch reluctance motor (SRM) in-wheel drivetrain for an EV. SRM drivetrains are cheaper and do not use rare earth elements unlike a permanent magnet motor (PMM). Conversely, the in-wheel SRM has a drawback of an increased mass on the suspension when compared with an equivalent power output PMM drivetrain. This situation results in an increased mass at the wheels; hence, a suspension analysis is required. This paper discusses the suspension dynamics evaluated using a quarter-car simulation of an in-wheel SRM EV and compares it to the internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle. The simulation used step loads derived design scenarios, namely (1) sprung, (2) unsprung and (3) driver’s seat. Further Bode plot analysis techniques were used to determine the ride comfort range for the developed EV.

Ride Comfort Analysis of Car Suspension Parameters on the Random Road

2012 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Jian Wei Yang ◽  
Guang Ye Zhang ◽  
Min Na Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Spring Stiffness ◽  
Suspension Parameters ◽  
Car Suspension ◽  
Adams Software ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Suspension Model ◽  
Stiffness And Damping

In this paper, based on the car suspension parameters of OEM, the ADAMS software was used to establish 1/4 car suspension model. To get the better ride comfort, the comprehensive analysis of spring stiffness and damping was conducted to obtain the optimal suspension parameters. The simulation results and the experimental results are consistent, which laid a good foundation for further analysis other design of cars.

HALF CAR MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL SUSPENSION SYSTEM ACCOUNTING FOR NONLINEARITY AND TIME DELAY

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (07n09) ◽  
pp. 1381-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. M. DONG ◽  
MIAO YU ◽  
S. L. HUANG ◽  
ZUSHU LI ◽  
W. M. CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Linear Feedback ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Suspension Systems ◽  
Mr Dampers ◽  
Car Suspension ◽  
Magnetorheological Suspension ◽  
Suspension Model ◽  
Stability And Accuracy

MR suspension systems have significant non-linearity and time-delay characteristics. For this reason, linear feedback control of an MR suspension has limited vibration control performance. To address this problem, a four DOF half car suspension model with two MR dampers was adopted. Having analyzed non-linearity and time-delay of the MR suspension, a Human-Simulation Intelligent Control (HSIC) law with three levels was designed. Simulation verified effects of HSIC in solving the problem of non-linearity and time-delay of MR dampers. In comparison, simulation of linear-quadratic gaussian (LQG) without considering the non-linearity and time-delay of MR suspension is also made. The simulation results show that the HSIC controller is faster than LQG controller under bump input and has better stability and accuracy, and it can achieve smaller acceleration peak value and root mean square (RMS) and better ride comfort compared with LQG controller under random input.

Semi-Active Suspension Suboptimal Control Using Dynamic Programming of a Quarter Car Suspension System

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Dye ◽  
Nathan BuchMueller ◽  
Hamid Lankarani
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Suboptimal Control ◽  
Damping Coefficient ◽  
Handling Characteristics ◽  
Car Suspension ◽  
Quarter Car ◽  
The Cost

Many modern vehicle control systems utilize automatic braking and torque control to enhance driver inputs for improved stability and deceleration performance of passenger cars. A semi-active suspension approach may allow changes to the suspension characteristics under various conditions or driver inputs during vehicle operation. Suspensions are increasingly using semi active components to enhance handling characteristics by electronically adjusting vehicle dynamics. The active style of adjustment includes modifying suspension parameters directly such as electronic damping rates. The type of controller is important to react or adjust dynamically to the nonlinear nature of suspension systems. An optimal controller is introduced in attempt to improve ride comfort or road handling capability by manipulating the damping coefficient for a given trajectory. A suboptimal approach is given by utilizing a type of receding horizon control. The cost function, as used by Savaresi, contains a bias parameter to shift focus between road holding and passenger comfort. A dynamic quarter car suspension model is presented for simulation of nonlinear vehicle dynamics. During simulation at a given time step, various control inputs are simulated for finite steps into the future. The control input that minimizes the cost function is selected and the simulation time is allowed to advance with that input. The model is simulated using parameters for a typical passenger car and a 100 millisecond update rate from the suboptimal controller. A road profile with a bump is simulated and its transients are analyzed. The suboptimal controller is compared to its purely mechanical realization with a fixed damping coefficient. It is shown when manipulating the cost function ride comfort is desired chassis accelerations are minimized and when maximum road holding is desired tire deflection is minimized.

Neuro Model Approach for a Quarter Car Passive Suspension Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 775 ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Dirman Hanafi ◽  
Mohamad Fauzi Zakaria ◽  
Rosli Omar ◽  
M. Nor M. Than ◽  
M. Fua'ad Rahmat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Model ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Model Structure ◽  
Spring Stiffness ◽  
Passive Suspension ◽  
The Road ◽  
Nonlinear Properties ◽  
Car Suspension ◽  
Suspension Dynamics ◽  
Quarter Car

The road handling, load carrying and passenger comfort are three intension factors on car suspension’s system. They should be compromised to achieve the good the car suspension dynamics. To fulfill the requirement, the car suspension system must be controlled and analyzed. To design and analyze the suspension controller, the realistic dynamics model of car suspension is needed. In this paper, the car suspension is assumed as a quarter car and has a model structure as a neural network structure. The model is assumed consist of nonlinear properties that are contributed by spring stiffness and damping elements of suspension system. The tire is assumed has linear properties and represented by spring stiffness element and damping element. The model responses are generated in simulation term. The random type of artificial road surface signal as an input variable is used in this simulation. The results show that the trend of neuro model have the same with the response of a quarter car nonlinear model from dynamic derivation. It means that the developed neuro model structure capable to represent the nonlinear model of a quarter car passive suspension system dynamics.

Comparison of Skyhook and h∞ Control Applied on a Quarter-Car Suspension Model

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sanunier ◽  
O. Sename ◽  
L. Dugard
Keyword(s):  
Car Suspension ◽  
Quarter Car ◽  
Suspension Model

Sliding Mode Control for Magneto-Rheological Vehicle Suspension Accounting for its Nonlinearity

2013 ◽  
Vol 433-435 ◽  
pp. 1072-1077
Author(s):  
Yu Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Linear Feedback ◽  
Sliding Mode Controller ◽  
Suspension Systems ◽  
Numerical Result ◽  
Car Suspension ◽  
System Nonlinearity ◽  
Magneto Rheological ◽  
Suspension Model

The non-linear characteristics of magneto-rheological (MR) suspension systems have limited control performance of modern control theory based on linear feedback control. In this paper, a four DOF half car suspension model with two nonlinear MR dampers is adopted. In order to account for the nonlinearity, a sliding mode controller, which has inherent robustness against system nonlinearity, is formulated to improve comfort and road holding of the car under industrial specifications and it is fit to semi-active suspensions. The numerical result shows that the semi-active suspension using the sliding mode controller can achieve better ride comfort than the passive and also improve stability.

Analysis of MR Damper for Quarter and Half Car Suspension Systems of a Roadway Vehicle

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.V.A.R. Sastry ◽  
K.V. Ramana ◽  
N.M. Rao ◽  
P. Pruthvi ◽  
D.U.V. Santhosh
Keyword(s):  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Active Vibration Control ◽  
Mr Damper ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Magnetorheological Damper ◽  
Car Suspension ◽  
Quarter Car ◽  
Spencer Model

Magnetorheological (MR) dampers are evolving as one of the most promising devices for semi-active vibration control of various dynamic systems. In this paper, the suspension system of a car using MR damper is analysed for 2DOF quarter car and 4DOF half car models and then compared with corresponding suspension system using passive damper for ride comfort and handling. Magnetorheological damper is fabricated using a MR fluid of Carbonyl iron powder and Silicone oil added with additive. Experiments are conducted to establish the behaviour of the MR damper and are used to validate Spencer model for MR damper. Further, using the validated Spencer model of MR damper, the quarter car and half car models of Vehicle Suspension system are simulated by implementing a semi-active suspension system for analysing the resulting displacement and acceleration in the car body. The ride comfort and vehicle handling performance of each specific vehicle model with passive suspension system are compared with corresponding semi-active suspension system. The simulation and analysis are carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

Optimization of a quarter-car suspension model coupled with the driver biomechanical effects

2011 ◽  
Vol 330 (12) ◽  
pp. 2937-2946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Kuznetsov ◽  
Musa Mammadov ◽  
Ibrahim Sultan ◽  
Eldar Hajilarov
Keyword(s):  
Car Suspension ◽  
Quarter Car ◽  
Suspension Model
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