Investigation of the effect of the angle between femoral and prosthesis mechanical axes on bone remodeling of femur in total knee arthroplasty

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192110161
Author(s):  
Hasan Hadizadeh ◽  
Hossein Hadizadeh ◽  
Mehdi Ganjiani ◽  
Morad karimpour ◽  
Abolfazl Hosseinpour
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Uniform Load ◽  
Prosthesis Loosening ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Total Knee

The bone remodeling is the process in which the bone adapts its structure to the variation of environmental loads. The joint might be broken or damaged as a result of aging or an accident. To remedy this situation, Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) and prosthesis implantation is recommended. The main goal of this research is to investigate the effects of femur implanting angle on the bone remodeling process after TKA in the Coronal, Sagittal and horizontal planes over seven years. First, the 3D CAD model from CT images is created then the bone behavior is simulated using a model with a USDFLD subroutine. The results show that as the implant rotates in one direction, the stress and density distribution increases in the same direction whereas the load and consequently the bone density decrease substantially in the opposite direction. Consequently, the bone density might even decrease 77 and 31 percent in the coronal and sagittal plane respectively, so in the total knee arthroplasty, the mechanical axes of prosthesis and femur should be parallel. The active bone which occurs as a result of mechanical axes of prosthesis and femur parallelism and consequently uniform load distribution, can protect the implant from prosthesis loosening and fracture.

scholarly journals Accelerometer-Based Navigation in Total Knee Arthroplasty for the Management of Extra-Articular Deformity and Retained Femoral Hardware: Analysis of Component Alignment

Joints ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 001-007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cozzi Lepri ◽  
Matteo Innocenti ◽  
Fabrizio Matassi ◽  
Marco Villano ◽  
Roberto Civinini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Total Knee

Abstract Purpose Recent advances in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) include an accelerometer portable system designed to improve component position and alignment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether accelerometer navigation system can be a valuable option in complex TKAs for extra-articular deformity of the lower limb or in case of retained femoral hardware. Methods A group of 13 patients underwent TKA with an accelerometer navigation system. Three patients had a tibial extra-articular deformity, six had a femoral extra-articular deformity, and four had an intramedullary nail in the femur. Preoperative and postoperative mechanical axes were measured from full-length lower extremity radiographs to evaluate alignment. The alignment of prosthetic components in the frontal and sagittal planes was determined by postoperative radiographs. Results At 30-days postoperative radiographic check, the hip knee ankle angle was within 2.0° (0 ± 1) of the neutral mechanical axis. The alignment of the tibial component on the frontal plane was 90.0° (range 89–91) and on the sagittal plane 5.0° (range 3–7). The alignment of the femoral component on the frontal plane was 90.0° (range 89–91) and on the sagittal plane 3.0° (range 0–5). Conclusion The alignment of the prosthetic components has been accurate and comparable to other navigation systems in literature without any increase in surgical times. The accelerometer-based navigation system is therefore a useful technique that can be used to optimize TKA alignment in patients with extra-articular deformity or with lower limb hardware, where the intramedullary guides cannot be applied. Level of Evidence This is an observational study without a control group, Level III.

scholarly journals Influence of the tibial stem design on bone density after cemented total knee arthroplasty: a prospective seven-year follow-up study

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hernandez-Vaquero ◽  
Manuel A. Garcia-Sandoval ◽  
Jose M. Fernandez-Carreira ◽  
Richard Gava
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Stem Design ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Total Knee

scholarly journals Early changes in sagittal plane knee biomechanics after total knee arthroplasty

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. S88-S89
Author(s):  
E.M. Debbi ◽  
B. Bernfeld ◽  
E. Gray ◽  
M. Salai ◽  
Y. Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Knee Biomechanics ◽  
Total Knee

Sagittal plane positioning of the femoral component in total knee arthroplasty

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. Faris ◽  
Merrill A. Ritter ◽  
E. Michael Keating
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Femoral Component ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Total Knee

The Effect of Cement Viscosity in Total Knee Arthroplasty

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Abbruzzese ◽  
Richard O’Laughlin ◽  
Daniel Lee ◽  
D. Gordon Allan ◽  
Manish Paliwal
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Posterior View ◽  
Total Knee

Aseptic loosening of the tibial implant remains one of the major reasons of failure in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). Currently, there is no consensus on the role that cement viscosity at the time of application to the bone plays in ensuring the long-term success of the arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cement viscosity and aseptic loosening of tibial implants. Three cements (Depuy 2, Palacos R (high viscosity cements) and Simplex-P, a medium viscosity cement) were compared during TKA through radiographic analysis and mechanical loading tests using surrogate tibia. Cement penetration was measured from radiographs of the constructs and analyzed according to the Knee Society Total Knee Arthroplasty Roentgenographic Evaluation System. Simplex-P had the maximum cumulative penetration in seven zones in the mediolateral view, and three zones in antero-posterior view. Simplex exhibited maximum penetration in zone 7 in the antero-posterior view, and in zone 3 in the lateral view. For the mechanical tests the TKA constructs were subjected to cyclic compressive loading in the sagittal plane. Simplex-P had the smallest micro-motion in sagittal plane, the results were significant when compared to Palacos R. The consistently superior performance of Simplex-P suggests that cement viscosity does indeed play a role in arthroplasty success. These results have direct clinical relevance for TKA patients suffering from aseptic loosening.

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