Antiretroviral therapy adherence among patients enrolled after the initiation of the Universal Test and Treat strategy in Dessie town: a cross-sectional study

Poor adherence was the major challenge in providing treatment, care, and support for people living with HIV (PLHIV). Evidence of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) after initiation of the Universal Test and Treat (UTT) strategy was limited in Ethiopia. So, this study aimed to determine the proportion of ART adherence after the initiation of UTT strategy and associated factors among adult PLHIV in Dessie town using two adherence measurements. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 293 PLHIV selected using a systematic sampling technique. The data were collected by face-to face-interview using a pretested questionnaire; chart review was also used to collect the data. The proportion of ART adherence measured by using the Morisky scale and seven-day recall was 49.3% (95% CI: [43.5%, 54.8%]) and 95.9% (95% CI: [93.2%, 98.2%]), respectively. Being urban in residence (AOR = 3.72, 95% CI: [1.80, 7.68]), the absence of depression (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.72, 95% CI: [1.22, 11.35]), taking one tablet per day (AOR = 3.26, 95% CI: [1.64, 6.49]), and the absence of concomitant illness (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: [0.09, 0.59]) were factors associated with ART adherence. The proportion of ART adherence measured by the Morisky scale was very low; however, adherence measured by seven-day recall was higher and consistent with World Health Organization recommendations. Residence, depression, and the number of tablets taken per day had a positive association with good ART adherence whereas having concomitant illness had a negative association with good ART adherence. Efforts should be made to improve adherence and interventions should be given to overcome factors linked with poor adherence.

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Does Universal Test and Treat Strategy has an effect on Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence? A Comparative Cross-sectional Study

10.21203/rs.2.13576/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yitayish Damtie ◽

Dabere Nigatu ◽

Fentaw Tadese ◽

Melaku Yalew

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Art Adherence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Test And Treat ◽

Universal Test ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence ◽

Universal Test And Treat ◽

Hiv Positive Adults ◽

Morisky Scale

Abstract Background : Poor adherence is a critical problem in managing Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV ) -infected patients receiving Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). Evidence of adherence to antiretroviral therapy after initiation of Universal Test and Treat (UTT) strategy was limited in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to compare adherence to antiretroviral therapy before and after the initiation of universal test and treat strategy, including factors affecting adherence among HIV positive adults in Dessie town. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 594 HIV positive adults selected using consecutive sampling. Interview and patient record review were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression model were used to identify factors associated with ART adherence. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used as a measure of association. Statistical significance was declared at a P - value less than 0.05. Result : The overall proportion of ART adherence using Morisky scale and self-reports were 52.3%, 95% CI: (48.4%, 56.2%) and 95%, 95% CI: (93.5%, 96.8%) respectively. Absence of depression (AOR =3.87, 95% CI: (1.96, 7.64)), eating three or more meals per day (AOR =2.65, 95% CI: (1.08, 6.49)) and absence of concomitant illness (AOR =0.42, 95% CI: (0.23, 0.76)) were significantly associated with better ART adherence. Conclusion: The overall proportion of ART adherence measured by Morisky scale was very low while the proportion of ART adherence measured by self-report was high and consistent with the current World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation. Adherence to ART was not affected by the introduction of the UTT strategy in HIV treatment and care program. Depression, meal frequency and concomitant illness were factors associated with ART adherence. Efforts should be made to improve adherence through tailored interventions to overcome factors linked with poor adherence. Key words: Antiretroviral therapy, Adherence, HIV/AIDS, Ethiopia

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Symptoms of common mental disorders and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adults living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049824 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. e049824

Author(s):

Andreas D Haas ◽

Cordelia Kunzekwenyika ◽

Stefanie Hossmann ◽

Josphat Manzero ◽

Janneke van Dijk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Art Adherence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Living With Hiv

ObjectivesTo examine the proportion of people living with HIV who screen positive for common mental disorders (CMD) and the associations between CMD and self-reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART).SettingSixteen government-funded health facilities in the rural Bikita district of Zimbabwe.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsHIV-positive non-pregnant adults, aged 18 years or older, who lived in Bikita district and had received ART for at least 6 months.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the proportion of participants screening positive for CMD defined as a Shona Symptoms Questionnaire score of 9 or greater. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of participants reporting suicidal ideation, perceptual symptoms and suboptimal ART adherence and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) for factors associated with CMD, suicidal ideation, perceptual symptoms and suboptimal ART adherence.ResultsOut of 3480 adults, 18.8% (95% CI 14.8% to 23.7%) screened positive for CMD, 2.7% (95% CI 1.5% to 4.7%) reported suicidal ideations, and 1.5% (95% CI 0.9% to 2.6%) reported perceptual symptoms. Positive CMD screens were more common in women (aPR 1.67, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.35) than in men and were more common in adults aged 40–49 years (aPR 1.47, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.85) or aged 50–59 years (aPR 1.51, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.17) than in those 60 years or older. Positive CMD screen was associated with suboptimal adherence (aPR 1.53; 95% CI 1.37 to 1.70).ConclusionsA substantial proportion of people living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe are affected by CMD. There is a need to integrate mental health services and HIV programmes in rural Zimbabwe.Trial registration numberNCT03704805.

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Symptoms of common mental disorders and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adults living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study

10.1101/2021.05.22.21257636 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andreas D Haas ◽

Cordelia Kunzekwenyika ◽

Stefanie Hossmann ◽

Josphat Manzero ◽

Janneke H van Dijk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Art Adherence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Living With Hiv

Objectives: To examine the proportion of people living with HIV who screen positive for common mental disorders (CMD) and the associations between CMD and self-reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Setting: Sixteen government-funded health facilities in the rural Bikita district of Zimbabwe. Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants: HIV-positive non-pregnant adults, aged 18 years or older, who lived in Bikita district and had received ART for at least six months. Outcome measures: The primary outcome was the proportion of participants screening positive for CMD defined as a Shona Symptoms Questionnaire (SSQ-14) score of 9 or greater. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of participants reporting suicidal ideation, perceptual symptoms, and suboptimal ART adherence and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) for factors associated with CMD, suicidal ideation, perceptual symptoms, and suboptimal ART adherence. Results: Out of 3,480 adults, 18.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 14.8-23.7) screened positive for CMD, 2.7% (95% CI 1.5-4.7) reported suicidal ideations, and 1.5% (95% 0.9-2.6) reported perceptual symptoms. Positive CMD screens were more common in women (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 1.67, 95% CI 1.19-2.35) than in men and were more common in adults aged 40-49 years (aPR 1.47 95% CI 1.16-1.85) or aged 50-59 years (20.3%; aPR 1.51 95% CI 1.05-2.17) than in those 60 years or older. Positive CMD screen was associated with suboptimal adherence (aPR 1.53; 95% CI 1.37-1.70). Conclusions: A substantial proportion of people living with HIV in rural Zimbabwe are affected by CMD. There is a need to integrate mental health services and HIV programs in rural Zimbabwe.

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Self-esteem and motivation with adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Indonesia with antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2019-0051 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Purwaningsih Purwaningsih ◽

Candra Panji Asmoro ◽

Yenis Anggi Prastiwi

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Art Adherence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Introduction Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps reduce the amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that enters the body in order to avoid acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and prevents the occurrence of opportunistic infections and complications. This study aims to describe the correlation between self-esteem and motivation with adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in ART. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 91 PLWHA who joined a non-government organization (NGO) support group, determined through a purposive sampling technique. The demography, and questionnaires about self-esteem, motivation and adherence to ART were employed to collect the raw data. The data were then analyzed using Spearman’s rho test with the degree of significance at p < 0.05. Results The result showed that self-esteem (p = 0.000, r = 0.445) and motivation (p = 0.019, r = 0.246) had correlation with adherence of PLWHA with ART. Conclusion PLWHA can increase self-esteem and motivation so that they can improve ART adherence. Further research is expected to use an instrument more objectively as a measurement tool for ART adherence in addition to a questionnaire so as to obtain more accurate and specific results.

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Quality of life, anxiety and depression in patients with HIV/AIDS who present poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study in Salvador, Brazil

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.bjid.2017.04.004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 507-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Mónica Narváez Betancur ◽

Liliane Lins ◽

Irismar Reis de Oliveira ◽

Carlos Brites

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Adherence ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hiv Aids

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Antiretroviral therapy adherence and predictors to adherence in Albania: a cross-sectional study

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.3563 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (07) ◽

pp. 853-862

Author(s):

Shane Douglas Morrison ◽

Vania Rashidi ◽

Clea Sarnquist ◽

Vilson H Banushi ◽

Michael K Hole ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Barriers To Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Art Adherence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Close Link ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Adherence Index ◽

Hiv Aids

Introduction: The possibility of an HIV/AIDS epidemic in southeastern Europe (SEE) is not improbable. Thus, an understanding of the current issues surrounding HIV/AIDS care, specifically antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, in countries within SEE is critical. This study was conducted to determine the ART adherence characteristics of Albania’s HIV-positive population. Methodology: This cross-sectional study reports initial demographic and adherence characteristics of patients receiving HIV/AIDS treatment in Albania. Retrospective review of pharmacy medications dispensed supplemented reported adherence behavior. Further, an adherence index was utilized to explore adherence more thoroughly. Results: Patient-reported adherence and pharmacy review showed adherence levels of 98.9±4.4% and 97.7±4.7%, respectively. Assessment by adherence index revealed an index level of 91.7±6.7. Factors associated with a score of < 95 on the adherence index were: being partnered (OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.09 – 0.98), history of depression (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.08 – 0.76), increased number of barriers to care (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.66 – 0.97), and increased number of current social and medical needs (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.58 – 0.91). Conclusions: Interventions aimed at reducing barriers to care, addressing current medical and social needs, and treating mental health issues may help improve adherence to ART in patients with HIV/AIDS in Albania. With little known about HIV/AIDS in SEE, this study provides guidance on how SEE countries can help prevent a possible rise in the prevalence of HIV given the close link of ART adherence and spread of HIV.

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Factors Associated With Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among People Living With HIV in Haiti: a Cross-sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-653288/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ludentz Dorcélus ◽

Joseph Jr Bern ◽

Constant Georgery ◽

Clerveau Vanessa

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Poor Adherence ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Clinical Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patient Counselling ◽

Living With Hiv

Abstract BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic, demographic and clinical factors can affect adherence to treatment among people living with HIV (PLH) and potentially have an impact on their prognosis and survival. The main objective of this study was to assess these factors as potential barriers to adherence among patients receiving care in central Haiti. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among PLH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at the TB/HIV clinic at St. Therese Hospital in Hinche, Haiti. A total of 426 potential participants were approached during their follow-up visits from June to August 2019, of whom 411 participated in the study. After giving informed consent, study participants completed a structured interview that included the Self-Report Item Scale (SRIS), a standard measure, to assess adherence. Socio-demographic, economic and clinical factors were assessed for their association with adherence. RESULTS: The 411 participating patients represented 39% of the patient population at the TB/HIV clinic during the timeframe of the study. The mean age was 43.7 years (range: 19-80), 65.5% were female and 78.1% had only achieved a primary level of schooling. Nearly 78% had received ART for less than 10 years, 3.41% reported having poor adherence and 28% less than excellent adherence. Factors related to poor adherence in bivariate analysis were age less than 40 years (OR: 6.32, 95% CI: 2.04-10.58, p<0.01) and inability to meet basic needs (OR: 2.70, 95% CI: 1.04-7.0, p=0.03).CONCLUSIONS: To improve medication adherence, the hospital should strengthen patient counselling of younger recipients of ART and provide financial assistance and other social service interventions. Studies should be implemented in other HIV management centers in Haiti and similar contexts to examine barriers to ART adherence with the goal of improving prognosis and survival in the long-term among PLH in resource-limited setting.

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Factors associated with antiretroviral therapy adherence among people living with HIV in Haiti: a cross-sectional study

AIDS Research and Therapy ◽

10.1186/s12981-021-00405-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ludentz Dorcélus ◽

Joseph Bernard ◽

Constant Georgery ◽

Clerveau Vanessa

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Poor Adherence ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Clinical Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patient Counselling ◽

Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Socioeconomic, demographic and clinical factors can affect adherence to treatment among people living with HIV (PLH) and potentially have an impact on their prognosis and survival. The main objective of this study was to assess these factors as potential barriers to adherence among patients receiving care in central Haiti. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among PLH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at the TB/HIV clinic at St. Therese Hospital in Hinche, Haiti. A total of 426 potential participants were approached during their follow-up visits from June to August 2019, of whom 411 participated in the study. After giving informed consent, study participants completed a structured interview that included the Self-Report Item Scale (SRIS), a standard measure, to assess adherence. Socio-demographic, economic and clinical factors were assessed for their association with adherence. Results The 411 participating patients represented 39% of the patient population at the TB/HIV clinic during the timeframe of the study. The mean age was 43.7 years (range: 19–80), 65.5% were female and 78.1% had only achieved a primary level of schooling. Nearly 78% had received ART for less than 10 years, 3.41% reported having poor adherence and 28% less than excellent adherence. Factors related to poor adherence in bivariate analysis were age less than 40 years (OR: 6.32, 95% CI 2.04–10.58, p < 0.01) and inability to meet basic needs (OR: 2.70, 95% CI 1.04–7.0, p = 0.03). Conclusions To improve medication adherence, the hospital should strengthen patient counselling of younger recipients of ART and provide financial assistance and other social service interventions. Studies should be implemented in other HIV management centers in Haiti and similar contexts to examine barriers to ART adherence with the goal of improving prognosis and survival in the long-term among PLH in resource-limited setting.

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