The sediments of the ‘Stagno di Maccarese’ marsh (Tiber river delta, central Italy): A late-Holocene record of natural and human-induced environmental changes

The Holocene ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1233-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Giraudi
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Coastal Marsh ◽  
Freshwater Marshes ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Tiber Delta

The environmental evolution, inferred from the sedimentary sequence, that has occurred during the last three millennia in a drained coastal marsh in the Tiber delta is presented. The stratigraphy of the sediments has been revealed through excavation of 7 km of trenches in an area of about 1.5 km2. The most evident environmental variations are represented by the transformation of freshwater marshes into brackish-water marshes, around the ninth–eighth centuries bc, and from brackish-water to freshwater marshes during the fourteenth–fifteenth centuries ad. The change in the water salinity was produced by the opening and closure of an inlet connecting the marshes and the sea because of the evolution of the delta. Other environmental variations are reflected in the fluctuations in the water level of brackish marshes: in a general trend towards an increase in water level, probably caused by the late-Holocene sea level increase, some phases of water decrease in the range of 10–20 cm occurred. The majority of the environmental changes were largely produced by erosion and sedimentary events connected with Tiber delta variations induced both by human impact and climate. The lower water levels were contemporary with glacial advances in the Alps and the Apennine chains. At least one of the five decreases of the water level was contemporaneous with a marine regression documented in Italy.

Lake and inland dunes as interconnected Systems: The story of Lake Tresssee and an adjacent dune field (Schleswig-Holstein, North Germany)

The Holocene ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 095968362098168
Author(s):  
Christian Stolz ◽  
Magdalena Suchora ◽  
Irena A Pidek ◽  
Alexander Fülling
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
High Water ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Dune Field ◽  
The North ◽  
Sand Drift

The specific aim of the study was to investigate how four adjacent geomorphological systems – a lake, a dune field, a small alluvial fan and a slope system – responded to the same impacts. Lake Tresssee is a shallow lake in the North of Germany (Schleswig-Holstein). During the Holocene, the lake’s water surface declined drastically, predominately as a consequence of human impact. The adjacent inland dune field shows several traces of former sand drift events. Using 30 new radiocarbon ages and the results of 16 OSL samples, this study aims to create a new timeline tracing the interaction between lake and dunes, as well, as how both the lake and the dunes reacted to environmental changes. The water level of the lake is presumed to have peaked during the period before the Younger Dryas (YD; start at 10.73 ka BC). After the Boreal period (OSL age 8050 ± 690 BC) the level must have undergone fluctuations triggered by climatic events and the first human influences. The last demonstrable high water level was during the Late Bronze Age (1003–844 cal. BC). The first to the 9th century AD saw slightly shrinking water levels, and more significant ones thereafter. In the 19th century, the lake area was artificially reduced to a minimum by the human population. In the dunes, a total of seven different phases of sand drift were demonstrated for the last 13,000 years. It is one of the most precisely dated inland-dune chronologies of Central Europe. The small alluvial fan took shape mainly between the 13th and 17th centuries AD. After 1700 cal. BC (Middle Bronze Age), and again during the sixth and seventh centuries AD, we find enhanced slope activity with the formation of Holocene colluvia.

The Holocene record of environmental changes in the ‘Stagno di Maccarese’ marsh (Tiber river delta, central Italy)

The Holocene ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1461-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Giraudi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Beach Ridges ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Tiber River ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Holocene Record ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Ird Events

The stratigraphic study of the Stagno di Maccarese, carried out on the sediments exposed in about 7 km of trenches excavated in an area of approximately 1.5 km2, has shown that in the course of the Holocene many environmental variations have taken place. The complex evolution of the marsh is demonstrated by the variations in water salinity and the presence of erosion surfaces and soils between the sediments. In the early Holocene, the area studied was an isolated marsh with water having variable salinity, and it was only about 6000 cal. yr BP that it was encompassed in the system of inner delta marshes. In the delta environment, the water of the marsh was oligohaline until about 9th–8th centuries bc, brackish from 9th–8th centuries bc to about 600 yr BP, and later oligohaline until the 19th century drainage. A number of environmental variations are connected with local phenomena, such as erosion of the beach ridges and Tiber floods, but the others can be correlated chronologically with climatic events recorded at regional and global scale. The millennial variations seem to be connected with changes in insolation, while abrupt variations can be correlated chronologically with the IRD events dated at 8200, 5900, 4200, 2800, 1400 and 500 cal. yr BP.

scholarly journals Worldwide lake level trends and responses to background climate variation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 2593-2608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin M. Kraemer ◽  
Anton Seimon ◽  
Rita Adrian ◽  
Peter B. McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Climate Variation ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
P Value ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Background Climate

Abstract. Lakes provide many important benefits to society, including drinking water, flood attenuation, nutrition, and recreation. Anthropogenic environmental changes may affect these benefits by altering lake water levels. However, background climate oscillations such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation can obscure long-term trends in water levels, creating uncertainty over the strength and ubiquity of anthropogenic effects on lakes. Here we account for the effects of background climate variation and test for long-term (1992–2019) trends in water levels in 200 globally distributed large lakes using satellite altimetry data. The median percentage of water level variation associated with background climate variation was 58 %, with an additional 10 % explained by seasonal variation and 25 % by the long-term trend. The relative influence of specific axes of background climate variation on water levels varied substantially across and within regions. After removing the effects of background climate variation on water levels, long-term water level trend estimates were lower (median: +0.8 cm yr−1) than calculated from raw water level data (median: +1.2 cm yr−1). However, the trends became more statistically significant in 86 % of lakes after removing the effects of background climate variation (the median p value of trends changed from 0.16 to 0.02). Thus, robust tests for long-term trends in lake water levels which may or may not be anthropogenic will require prior isolation and removal of the effects of background climate variation. Our findings suggest that background climate variation often masks long-term trends in environmental variables but can be accounted for through more comprehensive statistical analyses.

scholarly journals Worldwide lake level trends and responses to background climate variation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin M. Kraemer ◽  
Anton Seimon ◽  
Rita Adrian ◽  
Peter B. McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Climate Variation ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
P Value ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Background Climate

Abstract. Lakes provide many important benefits to society including drinking water, flood attenuation, nutrition, and recreation. Anthropogenic environmental changes may affect these benefits by altering lake water levels. However, background climate oscillations such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation, and the North Atlantic Oscillation can obscure long-term trends in water levels, creating uncertainty over the strength and ubiquity of anthropogenic effects on lakes. Here we account for the effects of background climate variation and test for long-term (1992–2019) trends in water levels in 117 globally-distributed large lakes using satellite altimetry data. On average, 27 % of water level variation in individual lakes was associated with background climate variation. The relative influence of specific axes of background climate variation on water levels varied substantially across and within regions. After removing the effects of background climate variation on water levels, long-term water level trend estimates were lower (+1.0 cm year−1) than calculated from raw water level data (+1.4 cm year−1). However, the trends became more statistically significant in 76 % of lakes after removing the effects of background climate variation (the median p-value of trends changed from 0.12 to 0.02). Thus, robust tests for long-term trends in lake water levels which may or may not be anthropogenic will require prior isolation and removal of the effects of background climate variation. Our findings suggest that background climate variation often masks long-term trends in environmental variables, but can be accounted for through more comprehensive statistical analyses.

Middle-to late-Holocene environmental changes in the Garigliano delta plain (Central Italy): which landscape witnessed the development of the Minturnae Roman colony?

The Holocene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1457-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Bellotti ◽  
Gilberto Calderoni ◽  
Pier Luigi Dall’Aglio ◽  
Carmine D’Amico ◽  
Lina Davoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Delta Plain

scholarly journals A 7000-year history of coastal environmental changes from Mexico’s Pacific coast: A multi-proxy record from Laguna Mitla, Guerrero

The Holocene ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1214-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A Bianchette ◽  
Terrence A McCloskey ◽  
Kam-biu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Mangrove Swamp ◽  
Salt Pan ◽  
High Concentrations

The lack of multi-millennial multi-proxy paleoenvironmental reconstructions from Mexico’s Pacific coast has limited our understanding of the regional response to climate change and sea-level rise. A 479-cm core covering the last 6900 years was extracted from Laguna Mitla in the state of Guerrero on Mexico’s Pacific coast. Beginning as a Rhizophora-dominated salt pan ~6900 yr BP, at ~6500 yr BP, the site transitioned to a mangrove swamp dominated by Laguncularia, which lasted about 300 years. The beach barrier formed from ~6200 to 5200 yr BP, during which time, the site existed as an intermittently sheltered bay, the result of large, rapid changes in wave energy associated with the shifting barrier location and changes in stability. After the beach barrier was stabilized at ~5200 yr BP, water level at the coring site became a function of precipitation rather than sea level. Since that time, deposition has alternated between peat, laid down in a mangrove swamp, and clay intervals characterized by high concentrations of titanium and a predominantly regional pollen signal, representing open-water lagoon phases. Seven periods of increased water level, varying in duration, occurred during the backbarrier period, with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) likely the main climatic mechanism causing these periodic shifts in the paleo-precipitation levels. We suggest that the deepest water levels detected over the last ~3200 years correlate with periods of increased ENSO activity. The spatial distribution of tropical cyclone rainfall, which represents a significant percentage of total annual precipitation along Mexico’s Pacific coast, may explain the inconsistencies between our record and paleoclimatic records from Mexico’s interior, but more work is needed to test this hypothesis.

AUTOMATIC WATER LEVEL MONITORING WITH IOT AND LPWAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Krum Videnov ◽  
Vanya Stoykova
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Level Monitoring ◽  
Water Level Monitoring

Monitoring water levels of lakes, streams, rivers and other water basins is of essential importance and is a popular measurement for a number of different industries and organisations. Remote water level monitoring helps to provide an early warning feature by sending advance alerts when the water level is increased (reaches a certain threshold). The purpose of this report is to present an affordable solution for measuring water levels in water sources using IoT and LPWAN. The assembled system enables recording of water level fluctuations in real time and storing the collected data on a remote database through LoRaWAN for further processing and analysis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document