Middle-to late-Holocene environmental changes in the Garigliano delta plain (Central Italy): which landscape witnessed the development of the Minturnae Roman colony?

The Holocene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1457-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Bellotti ◽  
Gilberto Calderoni ◽  
Pier Luigi Dall’Aglio ◽  
Carmine D’Amico ◽  
Lina Davoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Delta Plain

The sediments of the ‘Stagno di Maccarese’ marsh (Tiber river delta, central Italy): A late-Holocene record of natural and human-induced environmental changes

The Holocene ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1233-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Giraudi
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Coastal Marsh ◽  
Freshwater Marshes ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Tiber Delta

The environmental evolution, inferred from the sedimentary sequence, that has occurred during the last three millennia in a drained coastal marsh in the Tiber delta is presented. The stratigraphy of the sediments has been revealed through excavation of 7 km of trenches in an area of about 1.5 km2. The most evident environmental variations are represented by the transformation of freshwater marshes into brackish-water marshes, around the ninth–eighth centuries bc, and from brackish-water to freshwater marshes during the fourteenth–fifteenth centuries ad. The change in the water salinity was produced by the opening and closure of an inlet connecting the marshes and the sea because of the evolution of the delta. Other environmental variations are reflected in the fluctuations in the water level of brackish marshes: in a general trend towards an increase in water level, probably caused by the late-Holocene sea level increase, some phases of water decrease in the range of 10–20 cm occurred. The majority of the environmental changes were largely produced by erosion and sedimentary events connected with Tiber delta variations induced both by human impact and climate. The lower water levels were contemporary with glacial advances in the Alps and the Apennine chains. At least one of the five decreases of the water level was contemporaneous with a marine regression documented in Italy.

scholarly journals Late-Holocene landscape evolution and human presence in the northern Danube delta (Chilia distributary lobes)

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110191
Author(s):  
Luminița Preoteasa ◽  
Alfred Vespremeanu-Stroe ◽  
Anca Dan ◽  
Laurențiu Țuțuianu ◽  
Cristian Panaiotu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Danube Delta ◽  
Human Presence ◽  
Historical Texts

This paper documents the Late-Holocene environmental changes and human presence in the northern Danube delta using a multidisciplinary approach that combines geoscientific data with archaeological findings, historical texts, and maps. It follows the formation and progression of the Chilia distributary and the reconfiguration of socioeconomic activities. Sedimentary facies identified on five new cores by changes in texture properties, magnetic susceptibility, geochemistry, and macro- and microfauna composition together with the newly obtained chronology constrain the complex evolution of the Chilia branch as filling in a long-lasting bay and then of a giant lagoon (Thiagola) which covered most of the northern delta since the Old Danube lobe inception (ca. 7500 yrs BP) till modern Chilia development. It initiated during the Greek Antiquity (ca. 2500 yrs ar BP) at the delta apex, while in Roman times (ca. 1800 yrs BP) it pursued its slow flowing into the vast Thiagola Lagoon. The most dramatic transformations occurred in the last 800 years when the river passed east of the Chilia promontory, rapidly went through the present-day Matița-Merhei basin (several decades), and created its first open-sea outlet. Solid discharge increased in two distinct periods, once in the Middle Ages (ca. 750 yrs BP) and then in the Modern Period (ca. 150 yrs BP) due to human-induced land-use changes in the Danube watershed. The chronology of the cultural remains on the pre-deltaic Chilia promontory and the multiproxy analysis of a sediment core retrieved nearby downstream suggest the terrestrial connection of the island with the mainland in ancient times. The hitherto contended issue of the old Thiagola Lagoon and its location are redefined here, as are the original identifications of ancient and medieval toponyms and hydronyms, especially for Chilia-Licostomo, Byzantine, Genoese, Moldavian, Ottoman, and Russian trading point of great importance in the political and economic history of the Black Sea and neighboring regions.

The Tiber river delta plain (central Italy): Coastal evolution and implications for the ancient Ostia Roman settlement

The Holocene ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1105-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bellotti ◽  
G. Calderoni ◽  
F. Di Rita ◽  
M. D’Orefice ◽  
C. D’Amico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Seventh Century ◽  
Delta Plain ◽  
Tiber River ◽  
Military Posts ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
The Town

Geomorphologic, stratigraphic, faunistic, palynological and carbon isotope analyses were carried out in the area of the Tiber river mouth. The results depict a complex palaeoenvironmental evolution in the area of the Roman town of Ostia, ascertain the changes of the Tiber river delta over the last 6000 years and support a re-interpretation of some archaeologic issues. The wave-dominated Tiber delta evolved through three distinct phases. In the first step (5000–2700 yr BP) a delta cusp was built at the river mouth, which was located north of the present outlet. Subsequently (2700–1900 BP), an abrupt southward migration of the river mouth determined the abandonment of the previous cusp and the progradation of a new one. The third step, which is still in progress, is marked by the appearance of a complex cusp made up of two distributary channels. The transition from the first to the second evolution phase occurred in the seventh century bc and was contemporary to the foundation of Ostia, as suggested by historical accounts. However, the oldest archaeological evidence of the town of Ostia dates to the fourth century bc, when human activity is clearly recorded also by pollen data. We suggest that the first human settlement (seventh century bc) consisted of ephemeral military posts, with the aim of controlling the strategic river mouth and establishing the Ostia saltworks. Only after the fourth century bc the coastal environment was stable enough for the foundation and development of the town of Ostia.

WITHDRAWN: A Last Interglacial record of environmental changes from the Sulmona Basin (central Italy)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Regattieri ◽  
Biagio Giaccio ◽  
Sebastien Nomade ◽  
Alexander Francke ◽  
Hendrik Vogel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Last Interglacial

scholarly journals Correction to: Late Holocene palaeovegetational and environmental changes inferred from organic geochemical proxies in sediments from Pookot Lake, southern India

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kizhur ◽  
Rajasekhariah Shankar ◽  
Anish Kumar Warrier ◽  
Madhusudan G. Yadava ◽  
Rengaswamy Ramesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Geochemical Proxies

The Holocene record of environmental changes in the ‘Stagno di Maccarese’ marsh (Tiber river delta, central Italy)

The Holocene ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1461-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Giraudi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Beach Ridges ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Tiber River ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Holocene Record ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Ird Events

The stratigraphic study of the Stagno di Maccarese, carried out on the sediments exposed in about 7 km of trenches excavated in an area of approximately 1.5 km2, has shown that in the course of the Holocene many environmental variations have taken place. The complex evolution of the marsh is demonstrated by the variations in water salinity and the presence of erosion surfaces and soils between the sediments. In the early Holocene, the area studied was an isolated marsh with water having variable salinity, and it was only about 6000 cal. yr BP that it was encompassed in the system of inner delta marshes. In the delta environment, the water of the marsh was oligohaline until about 9th–8th centuries bc, brackish from 9th–8th centuries bc to about 600 yr BP, and later oligohaline until the 19th century drainage. A number of environmental variations are connected with local phenomena, such as erosion of the beach ridges and Tiber floods, but the others can be correlated chronologically with climatic events recorded at regional and global scale. The millennial variations seem to be connected with changes in insolation, while abrupt variations can be correlated chronologically with the IRD events dated at 8200, 5900, 4200, 2800, 1400 and 500 cal. yr BP.

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