Methods for measuring in-vivo percutaneous absorption in humans

In-vivo human data on percutaneous absorption are scarce, although they are indispensable for health risk assessment of dermal exposure. In addition, they are considered to be the gold standard for the evaluation of in-vitro systems as well as predictive mathematical models. Dermal absorption in vivo can be assessed using different approaches. The most used methods for determination of in-vivo dermal absorption are the measurement of the parent chemical and/or its metabolite level in biological material, the microdialysis technique and stratum corneum tape stripping. Recently, the non-invasive spectrophotometric methods based on infrared and Raman spectroscopy showed themselves as promising tools for studying percutaneous absorption though these approaches are still in their developmental stages and requires further optimization and validation. The aim of this article is to review different methods for determination of percutaneous absorption in vivo in humans. The advantages and limitations are discussed with respect to generating data for comparison with in-vitro or predictive mathematical models or health risk assessment of chemicals. Furthermore, the importance of the volunteer experiments in generating relevant data for human risk assessment as well as for the development and implementation of biological monitoring in occupational settings will be addressed.

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Bioavailability Evaluation of Perchlorate in Different Foods In Vivo: Comparison with In Vitro Assays and Implications for Human Health Risk Assessment

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00539 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xin Liu ◽

Hu Zhang ◽

Yimei Tian ◽

Min Fang ◽

Lin Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Health Risk ◽

Human Health ◽

Health Risk Assessment ◽

Human Health Risk ◽

Human Health Risk Assessment ◽

In Vitro Assays

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Using in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) to develop toxicity metrics for human health risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE)

International Journal of Environmental Studies ◽

10.1080/00207233.2016.1226026 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 42-65

Author(s):

Krystal L. Pree ◽

Erica D. Bruce

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Health Risk ◽

Human Health ◽

Health Risk Assessment ◽

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽

Human Health Risk ◽

Diphenyl Ethers ◽

In Vivo Extrapolation

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Use of Percutaneous Absorption Data in Risk Assessment

Journal of the American College of Toxicology ◽

10.3109/10915818909018040 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 815-827 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

C. A. Franklin ◽

D. A. Somers ◽

I. Chu

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Percutaneous Absorption ◽

Dermal Absorption ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Absorption Data ◽

Regulatory Decision ◽

Dermal Penetration ◽

High Doses

Assessment of risks to humans associated with the use of chemicals requires knowledge of the hazard (toxicity) of the chemical and level of human exposure. Hazard assessment is often based on animal bioassays and quantitative exposure estimates of dermal exposure obtained from studies monitoring workers. Because human skin is an effective barrier to many chemicals, it cannot be assumed that the deposited dose is equivalent to the systemic dose. However, an estimate of systemic dose may be derived by multiplying the deposited dose by the percentage of percutaneous uptake. This correction can have major impact on the regulatory decision, because the adjusted dose used in the risk calculation may be reduced significantly, especially at high doses, when the uptake is not linearly proportional to the exposure. It is therefore important that the dermal absorption value be accurate. As outlined in this paper, numerous factors can affect percutaneous absorption. Nevertheless, many regulatory agencies will consider the use of percutaneous absorption data derived from in vivo studies to adjust the dermally deposited dose to that delivered systemically. Numerous issues must be resolved before in vitro dermal penetration studies can be used for risk assessment.

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