Assessment of the genotoxic potential of tetrachlorvinphos insecticide by cytokinesis-block micronucleus and sister chromatid exchange assays

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110361
Author(s):  
Hayal Cobanoglu ◽  
Akin Cayir
Keyword(s):  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Chromosomal Instability ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Dna Damages ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Index Level

Tetrachlorvinphos is an organophosphate that is classified as a carcinogen in humans by several authorities. Due to very limited data regarding the genotoxic potential, we aimed to comprehensively investigate in vitro genotoxic potential of tetrachlorvinphos. We performed our study by applying the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assays to human peripheral blood lymphocytes. We evaluated micronucleus (MN) and SCE frequencies and cytokinesis-block proliferation index in both exposed and non-exposed lymphocytes. We also calculated the chromosomal instability level in response to exposure by combining the results of MN and SCE. We found that MN frequency did not increase with exposure to tetrachlorvinphos (0–50 µg/ml). In contrast, we observed that SCE frequencies significantly increased with exposure to ≥5 µg/ml tetrachlorvinphos. Furthermore, exposure to tetrachlorvinphos at concentrations of 50 µg/ml induced a significant increase in chromosomal instability level ( p < 0.05). Cytokinesis-block proliferation index level did not significantly decrease in response to tetrachlorvinphos exposure. Our findings reveal that tetrachlorvinphos resulted in different DNA damages that were measured by two assays. Furthermore, our findings suggested that exposure to tetrachlorvinphos increased chromosomal instability that is a hallmark of many malignancies. We conclude that although tetrachlorvinphos does not significantly increase the MN level, the significant increase of both SCE and CIN frequencies indicates the genotoxic potential of tetrachlorvinphos in human peripheral lymphocytes. Additionally, tetrachlorvinphos is not cytotoxic in the range of tested concentrations.

scholarly journals Assessment of the genotoxic potential of temephos

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-191
Author(s):  
Hayal Cobanoglu ◽  
Akin Cayir
Keyword(s):  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

Genotoxic effects of pesticides are of great concern for public health due to the fact that they are widely used for both domestic and industrial purposes. Temephos is a member of organophosphorus pesticides, which is the most widely used group of chemicals against both agricultural and domestic insects. We therefore aimed in the present study to investigate the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of temephos on human peripheral blood lymphocytes, using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) and sister chromatid exchange assays. The results showed that micronucleus (MN) frequency increased at concentrations of 50 and 75 ?g/ml although it was not found statically significant (p>0.05). We found that sister chromatid exchange (SCE) values at concentrations of 50 and 75 ?g/ ml were significantly higher than those obtained for the control (p<0.01). We also analyzed associations between temephos exposure and mitotic index (MI), proliferation index (PI), and cell blocked proliferation index (CBPI). There was no significant change in these values at the tested concentrations (p>0.05). It can be concluded that temephos was not cytotoxic at concentrations of 25, 50 and 75 ?g/ml. However, it may have a genotoxic potential in human peripheral lymphocytes.

scholarly journals The frequency of sister chromatid exchange and micronuclei in evaluation of cytogenetic activity of Kombucha on human peripheral blood lymphocytes

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasminka Mrdjanovic ◽  
Gordana Bogdanovic ◽  
Dragoljub Cvetkovic ◽  
Aleksandra Velicanski ◽  
Dragana Cetojevic-Simin
Keyword(s):  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Satureja Montana

Kombucha is a refreshing beverage obtained by the fermentation of sweetened black tea with a ?tea fungus? (symbiotic culture of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts). It is consumed due to its potential beneficial effects on human health. The aim of this study was to investigate activity of Kombucha on human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. We analyzed Kombucha made from different substrates: Camellia sinensis and Satureja montana, and effects of substrates alone. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronuclei (MN) were scored as genetic endpoints and mitomycin C was used as model mutagen. Kombucha from Camellia sinensis and Camellia sinensis substrate increased frequency of MN and SCE on mitomycin C-treated and -untreated peripheral blood lymphocytes. However, Kombucha from Satureja montana reduced incidence of MN on mitomycin C-treated and -untreated peripheral blood lymphocytes, while SCE frequency was higher than control value. In our pilot study we showed for the first time that Kombucha from different substrates induced different effects on mitomycin C-treated and -untreated peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Spontaneous sister chromatid exchange in mitotic chromosomes of the chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Kuchta-Gładysz ◽  
Ewa Wójcik ◽  
Olga Szeleszczuk ◽  
Piotr Niedbała ◽  
Kaja Tyblewska
Keyword(s):  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Kuchta-Gładysz, M., Wójcik, E., Szeleszczuk, O., Niedbała, P. and Tyblewska, K. 2015. Spontaneous sister chromatid exchange in mitotic chromosomes of the chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera). Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 543–550. The sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test is a cytogenetic tool with applications as a short-term screen. It is used to assess the influence of physical and chemical factors with potential mutagenic and genotoxic properties on the animal organism. The test results make it possible to eliminate mutagens, as well as helping to predict possible genetic consequences in animal cells and assess animal resistance. The mitotic chromosomes were obtained from an in vitro culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes with added bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), at five different concentrations: 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 µg mL−1. The chromosomes were stained according to the FPG method. Our analyses revealed the spontaneous SCE level in the chinchilla at the concentration of 0.5 µg mL−1. Higher concentrations of this substance have a genotoxic effect and cause damage to the DNA structure of the chromosomes by inducing additional SCEs in the chromosomes of this species. The mean SCE/cell incidence in the chinchilla population was 4.34±1.28. We investigated the effects of age on the incidence of SCE and found it significantly affected this phenomenon in both sexes.

scholarly journals Analysis of Sister Chromatid Exchanges and Proliferation of Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Exposed to Epoxiconazole

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
R. Michalková ◽  
K. Šiviková ◽  
M. Galdíková
Keyword(s):  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchanges ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Chromatid Exchanges

Abstract The potential genotoxic/cytotoxic effect of epoxiconazole was evaluated by means of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) following the 24 and 48 h in vitro exposure of human peripheral blood lymphocytes to epoxiconazole at concentrations of: 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 μg. ml–1. Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), used as an epoxiconazole solvent, was used as a negative control and mitomycine (MMC) as a positive control. After the 24-hour exposure, we failed to observe a significant increase in SCE frequencies in comparison with the negative control, however, the concentrations of 10—100 μg.ml–1 caused a significant decrease in the proliferation index (PI; P < 0.001). Also, the 48-hour exposure produced no significant alterations in the SCE frequencies in comparison with the control. At epoxiconazole concentrations ranging from 10 to 50 μg.ml–1 we recorded a moderate to strong, dose-dependent inhibition of PI (P < 0.05; P < 0.01; P < 0.001), while at the highest dose (100 μg.ml–1) the reduction in PI compared to the control was less pronounced (P < 0.05). The reduction in PI at the concentration range of 10—100 μg.ml–1 depended on the number of cells in the M1, M2 and M3 phases of the cell cycle per total number of 100 evaluated metaphases. Our results indicated a significant cytotoxic or cytostatic effect on human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Sister chromatid exchange in selected horse breeds (<i>Equus caballus</i>)

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Wójcik ◽  
E. Smalec ◽  
A. Danielewicz
Keyword(s):  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Mean Frequency ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sce Test

Abstract. In studies of chromosome instability, the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test is a particularly sensitive cytogenetic assay for detecting DNA damage. SCE tests of chromosome instability were performed in the group of 6 horse breeds (Pure-bred Arabian, Malapolski horse, Polish noble half-bred, Polish cold-blooded, Hucul and Polish Konik). The chromosome preparations were obtained from our in vitro culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes stained using the FPG technique. The mean number of SCEs/cell in the analysed population of horses was 5.14±1.44. The mean frequency of SCEs in the 6 analysed horse breeds varied depending on the breed. Statistically significant differences were observed between the horse breeds (P<0.01). No statistically significant differences in the number of SCEs per cell were found between the males and females (5.10±1.34 and 5.20±1.52, respectively). The horses were also assessed for the number of SCEs/cell in relation to the age of the animals. The differences between the age groups were statistically significant (P<0.01).

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