Quantitation of Albumin and Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein in Human Cervical Mucus

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.G. Salas Herrera ◽  
R.M. Pearson ◽  
P. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Cervical Mucus ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Acid Glycoprotein ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Female Genital

1 Concentrations of albumin and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in human cervical mucus have been measured by a radial immunodiffusion technique. 2 The cervical mucus samples were obtained from women on combined oral contraceptives (Group A) and from women not taking this medication (Group B). In group A the mean level of albumin was 75.6 (range 22-198) mg 1-1 and for AGP 6.5 (range 3-12) mg 1-1. In group B the mean level of albumin was 72.9 (range 22-148) mg 1-1 and for AGP 6.6 (range 3-14) mg 1 -1. 3 The levels of albumin and AGP in cervical mucus were less than 1% of the concentration in serum and were not affected by combined oral contraceptives. 4 The clinical and toxicological consequences of these observations, in terms of the disposition of drugs and other chemicals in the female genital tract, await elucidation.

GROUP B BETA HAEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI IN THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT: A STUDY OF FOUR CLINIC POPULATIONS

1978 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 783-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Embil ◽  
T. R. Martin ◽  
N. H. Hansen ◽  
S. W. Macdonald ◽  
F. R. Manuel
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Group B ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals Oral contraceptives and cancers of the breast and of the female genital tract. Interim results from a case-control study

1986 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
C La Vecchia ◽  
A Decarli ◽  
M Fasoli ◽  
S Franceschi ◽  
A Gentile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Female Genital

TRYPSIN INHIBITORS IN THE HUMAN FEMALE GENITAL TRACT

1971 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hirschhäuser ◽  
M. Kionke ◽  
E. Daume ◽  
R. Buchholz
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitors ◽  
Cervical Mucus ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Human Female ◽  
Uterine Endometrium ◽  
Female Genital

ABSTRACT The human genital tract contains inhibitors of trypsin in cervical mucus, uterine endometrium, uterine mucus, Fallopian tubes and their secretion products.

A STUDY OF FERTILIZATION IN THE RABBIT: THE EFFECT OF POST-COITAL LIGATION OF THE FALLOPIAN TUBE OR UTERINE HORN

1956 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. ADAMS
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tubouterine Junction ◽  
Artificial Vagina ◽  
Female Genital

SUMMARY A study was made of the effect of ligating the Fallopian tube or uterine horn near the tubouterine junction at specific time intervals after mating (½–6 hr) on fertilization in superovulated rabbits. A total of 140 does were used and altogether 2630 eggs were studied. Observations were made on the does' response to gonadotrophin treatment; the rate of egg development; the occurrence of abnormal eggs; the number of spermatozoa in fertilized eggs; the transfer of fertilized eggs to recipient does and the length of the female genital tract. Rabbit semen was collected by means of an improved type of artificial vagina. The main results following ligation were as follows: when one Fallopian tube was ligated at the time intervals stated in parentheses, the mean proportion of eggs fertilized was 1·6% (1¼ hr), 8·8% (1¾ hr), 12·9% (2 hr), 16·1% (2¼ hr), 29·8% (2½ hr), 59·5% (2¾ hr), 85·9% (3 hr), 38·4% (3¼ hr), 73·7% (3½ hr), 50% (4 hr), 96·4% (5 hr) and 100% (6 hr). Out of a total of 1006 eggs from non-ligated (control) Fallopian tubes, 95·5% were fertilized. Following ligation of one uterine horn 30 min, 1 hr or 2 hr after mating, 9·1, 38·7 and 55·2%, respectively, of the eggs were fertilized. It is concluded that although some spermatozoa may reach the tubo-uterine junction soon after mating, 2–5 hr are required before the number of spermatozoa entering the Fallopian tube is sufficiently high to produce maximum fertilization.

scholarly journals Beta-haemolytic streptococci from the female genital tract: clinical correlates and outcome of treatment

1989 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. M. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Purulent Discharge ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Female Genital

SUMMARYClinical features, treatment and outcome were assessed retrospectively by means of a questionnaire in 174 patients in general practice whose vaginal swabs yielded bcta-haemolytic streptococci. These were compared with 96 patients whose swabs yielded no recognized microbial pathogens. Patients with group B streptococci did not differ in any of these parameters from the control group, but those with group A streptococci were more likely to have vaginal soreness, a purulent discharge. and to respond to anti-streptococcal antibiotics. Implications for laboratory reporting are discussed.

scholarly journals In Vitro Ability of the Group B Streptococci to Inhibit Gram-Positive and Gram-Variable Constituents of the Bacterial Flora of the Female Genital Tract

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pongsakdi Chaisilwattana ◽  
Gilles R. G. Monif
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Test Panel ◽  
Viridans Streptococci ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Group B ◽  
Female Genital

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the ability of septicemic and nonsepticemic isolates of group B streptococci (GBS) to inhibit in vitro the principal bacterial groups found in the normal bacterial flora of the female genital tract. Methods: The target groups were composed of 1) 10 strains each of the following: viridans streptococci, nonhemolytic streptococci (not group B or D), group A streptococci, GBS, peptostreptococci, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, and Gardnerella vaginalis; 2) 9 strains of enterococci; 3) 9 strains of group C or G streptococci; 4) 7 strains of lactobacilli; and 5) 7 strains of diphtheroids. All target groups were tested for inhibition by a test panel of either a group of 10 or 41 GBS isolates. If the GBS isolates failed to inhibit a target group, that group was tested for its ability to inhibit the GBS test panel. Results: The GBS test panel did not inhibit the growth of coagulase-negative staphylococci or S. aureus but uniformly inhibited groups A, B, C, and G streptococci, lactobacilli, and G. vaginalis. One of the 7 strains of diphtheroids was inhibited by 37 of the 41 GBS isolates; the other 6 strains of diphtheroids were uniformly inhibited. Variable inhibition by GBS was observed with viridans streptococci, nonhemolytic (not group B or D) streptococci, peptostreptococci, and enterococci; however, inhibition or noninhibition was uniform for a given target strain against the entire GBS test panel. The 23 GBS isolates obtained from septicemic neonates or adults did not differ from the 18 nonsepticemic isolates in their ability to inhibit other species of streptococci or other gram-positive or gram-variable constituents of the bacterial flora of the female genital tract. When converse testing was done, all 10 GBS isolates were uniformly inhibited by coagulase-negative staphylococci and by the majority of enterococci, but were not inhibited by S. aureus.Conclusions: These studies suggest that GBS may be significant regulators of other β-hemolytic streptococci, diphtheroids, lactobacilli, and G. vaginalis within the bacterial flora of the female genital tract. Moreover, the absence of GBS in the vaginal flora may be the result of mediation by coagulase-negative staphylococci and selected strains of enterococci.

scholarly journals Interrelationships Within the Bacterial Flora of the Female Genital Tract

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry J. Carson ◽  
Paul G. Lapoint ◽  
Gilles R. G. Monif
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Group B ◽  
Female Genital

Analysis of 240 consecutive vaginal swabs using the compatibility profile technique revealed that only 2 bacteria have the ability to be a sole isolate and as such a candidate to be a major aerobic regulator of the bacterial flora of the female genital tract (BFFGT). Compatibility profiles ofLactobacillusandGardnerella vaginalishave shown that these organisms shared compatibility profiling for the majority of the normal bacterial constituents of the female genital tract. Dominance disruption appears to come from the addition of compatible co-isolates and presumed loss of numerical superiority. These phenomena appear to be the keys to reregulation of BFFGT.Lactobacillusappears to be the major regulator of bothG. vaginalisand anaerobic bacteria. When additional organisms are added to the bacterial flora, they may add to or partially negate the inhibitory influence ofLactobacilluson the BFFGT. Inhibitor interrelationships appear to exist between coagulase-negative staphylococci andStaphylococcus aureusand the group B streptococci (GBS) and other beta hemolytic streptococci. Facilitating interrelationships appear to exist betweenS. aureusand the GBS and selectedEnterobacteriaceae.

scholarly journals Group B streptococci in the female genital tract.

BMJ ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 1 (6020) ◽  
pp. 1245-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
R G Finch ◽  
G L French ◽  
I Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Group B ◽  
Female Genital
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