A STUDY OF FERTILIZATION IN THE RABBIT: THE EFFECT OF POST-COITAL LIGATION OF THE FALLOPIAN TUBE OR UTERINE HORN

1956 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. ADAMS
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tubouterine Junction ◽  
Artificial Vagina ◽  
Female Genital

SUMMARY A study was made of the effect of ligating the Fallopian tube or uterine horn near the tubouterine junction at specific time intervals after mating (½–6 hr) on fertilization in superovulated rabbits. A total of 140 does were used and altogether 2630 eggs were studied. Observations were made on the does' response to gonadotrophin treatment; the rate of egg development; the occurrence of abnormal eggs; the number of spermatozoa in fertilized eggs; the transfer of fertilized eggs to recipient does and the length of the female genital tract. Rabbit semen was collected by means of an improved type of artificial vagina. The main results following ligation were as follows: when one Fallopian tube was ligated at the time intervals stated in parentheses, the mean proportion of eggs fertilized was 1·6% (1¼ hr), 8·8% (1¾ hr), 12·9% (2 hr), 16·1% (2¼ hr), 29·8% (2½ hr), 59·5% (2¾ hr), 85·9% (3 hr), 38·4% (3¼ hr), 73·7% (3½ hr), 50% (4 hr), 96·4% (5 hr) and 100% (6 hr). Out of a total of 1006 eggs from non-ligated (control) Fallopian tubes, 95·5% were fertilized. Following ligation of one uterine horn 30 min, 1 hr or 2 hr after mating, 9·1, 38·7 and 55·2%, respectively, of the eggs were fertilized. It is concluded that although some spermatozoa may reach the tubo-uterine junction soon after mating, 2–5 hr are required before the number of spermatozoa entering the Fallopian tube is sufficiently high to produce maximum fertilization.

scholarly journals Congenital absence of a part of the fallopian tube: a case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Mukta Agarwal ◽  
Hemali H. Sinha ◽  
. Anamika
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Female Genital

Congenital malformations of female genital tract are frequently seen in Gynaecological clinics, incidence being upto 5-6% in cases of infertility. Most of these anomalies are related to uterus and vagina, abnormalities related to ovaries and fallopian tubes are of rare occurrence and the exact incidence of these anomalies are not known, only a few incidental case reports are available in literature. Here, we present a rare case report of absent mid- tubal segment of fallopian tube in a patient of infertility.

Quantitation of Albumin and Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein in Human Cervical Mucus

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.G. Salas Herrera ◽  
R.M. Pearson ◽  
P. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Cervical Mucus ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Acid Glycoprotein ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Female Genital

1 Concentrations of albumin and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in human cervical mucus have been measured by a radial immunodiffusion technique. 2 The cervical mucus samples were obtained from women on combined oral contraceptives (Group A) and from women not taking this medication (Group B). In group A the mean level of albumin was 75.6 (range 22-198) mg 1-1 and for AGP 6.5 (range 3-12) mg 1-1. In group B the mean level of albumin was 72.9 (range 22-148) mg 1-1 and for AGP 6.6 (range 3-14) mg 1 -1. 3 The levels of albumin and AGP in cervical mucus were less than 1% of the concentration in serum and were not affected by combined oral contraceptives. 4 The clinical and toxicological consequences of these observations, in terms of the disposition of drugs and other chemicals in the female genital tract, await elucidation.

scholarly journals Spectrum of histopathological lesions in the fallopian tubes

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Gon ◽  
A Basu ◽  
B Majumdar ◽  
TK Das ◽  
M Sengupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Secondary Malignancies ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Female Genital

Background: Fallopian tubes are common surgical specimen in the pathology laboratory; still there is a lack of data to describe the frequency of various histological fi ndings. The aim and objectives of this study was to describe the various histopathological fi ndings of fallopian tubes. Materials and Methods: Two thousand fi ve hundred and seventy fi ve cases where fallopian tubes were removed either separately or along with other female genital tract organs were studied retrospectively and their histopathological fi ndings documented. Results: Ectopic pregnancy comprised maximum number of cases closely followed by salpingitis. Primary neoplastic lesions were rare as compared to secondary malignancies. Serial sections of fallopian tube and sections from representative areas are essential for a pathologist so that the diagnosis of these pathological entities is not missed. Conclusion: Though the fallopian tubes remain unremarkable in majority of the surgical pathological specimens, it must be subjected for histopathological examination to demonstrate the pathological lesions. Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2013) Vol. 3, No.1, Issue 5, 356-360 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v3i5.7858

XXXVII.—Mendelian Action on Differentiated Sex

1909 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 607-618
Author(s):  
D. Berry Hart
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Definite Form ◽  
Human Male ◽  
Prostatic Utricle ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Vaginal Tract ◽  
Appendix Testis ◽  
Female Genital

(Abstract)It has long been known that the male and the female human genital tract contain not only organs characteristic of their sex proper, but also certain parts of the opposite sex in a less developed but yet perfectly definite form. Thus the female genital tract is made up of, not only its characteristic organs, the ovaries, tubes, uterus, etc., but also the epoophoron (parovarium) and its duct, the equivalent of the epididymis and ductus epididymis of the testis. In the same way, the human male has his characteristic sexual organs and also the appendix testis and prostatic utricle, the representatives of the fimbriated end of the Fallopian tube and of the lower end of the vaginal tract (hymen mainly, but varying).

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical expression of keratan sulfate: a possible diagnostic marker for carcinomas of the female genital tract

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1058-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Miyamoto ◽  
Keiko Ishii ◽  
Ryouichi Asaka ◽  
Akihisa Suzuki ◽  
Akiko Takatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Keratan Sulfate ◽  
Digestive Organs ◽  
Female Genital

AimsThe authors previously reported the expression of keratan sulfate (KS), a glycosaminoglycan, in the epithelium of normal and neoplastic endometria. The aim of this study was to evaluate its potential use as a diagnostic marker, and the expression of KS was investigated in other human epithelial tissues.MethodsExpression was examined immunohistochemically using 102 samples of normal epithelia and 110 samples of carcinomas from the female genital tract (FGT; cervix, endometrium, ovary, fallopian tube), digestive organs (gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, liver), urinary tract, lung, mammary gland, thyroid and mesothelium.ResultsIn normal tissues, KS was consistently detected in the FGT and ectopic endometrium (25/26), but was not found in the digestive organs (1/42) and urinary tract (0/6), and was only partly detected in the lung (7/10), mammary gland (3/9) and thyroid (4/4). In malignant tissues, KS was consistently observed in carcinomas of the endometrium, ovary and fallopian tube (29/32), and was partly detected in carcinomas of the lung, mammary gland, thyroid, pancreas and mesothelium, but was absent in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract (0/17), liver (0/5) and urinary tract (0/11). Among carcinomas of the FGT, digestive organs and urinary tract, KS positivity suggested the possibility of FGT carcinomas, with 79.5% (31/39) sensitivity and 92.9% (39/42) specificity.ConclusionsKS is a potentially useful marker for the supportive diagnosis of the primary site of metastatic carcinomas or unknown primary carcinomas, especially in the abdominal cavity.

scholarly journals Primary Fallopian Tube Carcinoma (PFTC), A Rare Malignancy of Female Genital Tract

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Farhana Binte Rashid ◽  
Mohammad Abul Kalam Azad
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Total Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Ultrasound Finding ◽  
Fallopian Tube Carcinoma ◽  
Primary Fallopian Tube Carcinoma ◽  
Female Genital

Background: Primary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) is one of the rarest malignancies of female genital tract. It represents <1% of all gynecologic malignancies. Preoperative diagnosis is uncommon due to its rarity and non-specific symptoms. In most cases diagnosis is made during surgery or histological examination. Rarity of this type of carcinoma prompted us to report it as individual case. Case: A 40-yearold parous women presented with bilateral PFTC. The patient gave a history of lower abdominal and pelvic pain for 2 years on several occasions. An abdominal ultrasound finding showed an adnexal mass and her CA125 level was 30IU/ml (normal- <35IU/ml). Clinically she was suspected as a case of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). She underwent Total Abdominal Hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoophorectomy. Intraoperative findings were consistent with PID. Final pathologic analysis showed bilateral primary fallopian tube carcinoma —well differentiated serous adenocarcinoma. Post operatively she was referred for oncological management. Conclusion: Malignancy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of PID especially in premenopausal age and intraoperative frozen section biopsy is crucial to make correct diagnosis and to allow appropriate surgical staging. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(1): 49-52

scholarly journals Immune Pathogenesis of Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in the Female Genital Tract

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven S. Witkin
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Female Genital

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections of the female genital tract, although frequently asymptomatic, are a major cause of fallopian-tube occlusion and infertility. Early stage pregnancy loss may also be due to an unsuspected and undetected CT infection. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that this organism can persist in the female genital tract in a form undetectable by culture. The mechanism of tubal damage as well as the rejection of an embryo may involve an initial immune sensitization to the CT 60 kD heat shock protein (HSP), followed by a reactivation of HSP-sensitized lymphocytes in response to the human HSP and the subsequent release of inflammatory cytokines. The periodic induction of human HSP expression by various microorganisms or by noninfectious mechanisms in the fallopian tubes of women sensitized to the CT HSP may eventually result in tubal scarring and occlusion. Similarly, an immune response to human HSP expression during the early stages of pregnancy may interfere with the immune regulatory mechanisms required for the maintenance of a semiallogeneic embryo.

scholarly journals An Over-View of Tuberculosis of Female Genital Tract With Reference To Experience in a Medical College in Rural Set-Up in West Bengal: A Retrospective Two Year Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
J Datta ◽  
TK Ghosh ◽  
S Ghosh ◽  
D Guha
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Cystic Teratoma ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Benign Cystic Teratoma ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Female Genital

Aim: To determine frequency of female genital tract (FGT) tuberculosis (TB) in the gynecological biopsies received in the Department of pathology of a peripheral medical college. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology of Burdwan Medical College & Hospital. Histopathological records of two year (2008-2010) were retrieved and searched for the cases of female genital tract TB. Relevant histopathological findings and clinical data were recorded and analyzed. Results: There were 1537 cases of gynecological biopsy and 9 cases were diagnosed as FGT tuberculosis based on histopathological and clinical findings. Ovarian benign cystic teratoma was seen in one case along with ipsilateral tuberculous salpingitis, one case showed B/L ovarian tuberculosis with involvement of both the tubes. Bilateral fallopian tubes were involved in 2 cases and endometrial tuberculosis was diagnosed in 5 cases with 1 case showing simultaneous involvement of the cervix. In one case omental biopsy received along with tubal specimen showed tuberculous granulomas. Conclusion: FGT tuberculosis was usually seen in  age 16-28 years and constituted 0.59% of total gynecological cases. Fallopian tubes, ovaries and endometrium and cervix were affected with the involvement of peritoneum or omentum, commonest being tuberculous endometritis. Histopathology, in association with clinical findings still remains gold standard for the diagnosis of FGT tuberculosis in our country despite advancement in diagnostic modalities; however, incidental histological detection in clinically unanticipated cases is not an uncommon event. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v11i3.11719 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 11 No. 03 July’12  

Uterine serous papillary carcinoma: Histopathologic changes within the female genital tract

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Jordan ◽  
M. Abdul-Kader ◽  
A. Al-Nafussi
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Serous Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Spread ◽  
Histopathologic Changes ◽  
Serous Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Female Genital

Abstract.Jordan LB, Abdul-Kader M, Al-Nafussi A. Uterine serous papillary carcinoma: Histopathologic changes within the female genital tract.The histopathologic features of 25 patients with uterine serous papillary carcinoma (USPC) were presented, with particular emphasis on the changes seen in the remaining müllerian epithelium. The mean age at presentation was 68.9 years; 52% of patients were stage III at the time of presentation and 40% died of their disease within 24 months of diagnosis. Histologic assessment revealed: 1) pure serous carcinoma in 56% of patients and mixed differentiation of serous and endometrioid in the remainder; 2) malignant epithelium reminiscent of that of USPC and akin to carcinoma in situ, frequently seen in the remaining endometrium, cervix, and, less commonly, the fallopian tube; 3) residual endometrium that, when identified (11/25 cases), was atrophic in all cases; 4) various types of cervical involvement in 17 cases (68%) ; 5) tumor within the fallopian tube in three cases (12%); and 6) carcinoma with in situ-like features in five cases (20%). In conclusion, it appears that USPC is frequently associated with malignant epithelial changes (as with carcinoma in situ) in the remaining müllerian epithelium. This finding suggests either a field change or, more likely, a transepithelial tumor spread. The latter theory is preferable, because this type of spread is frequently seen on serosal surfaces in cases of serous ovarian carcinoma. Uterine serous papillary carcinoma is, therefore, biologically more akin to its ovarian counterpart.

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