Differentiation of Self in the Therapist's Family of Origin

1980 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 394-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Rich
Keyword(s):  
Family Therapy ◽  
Family Systems ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Differentiation Of Self ◽  
Family Therapists ◽  
Essential Nature ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation ◽  
High Degree

The essential nature of family therapy, the role of the therapist in the therapeutic process, and the need for family therapists to possess a high degree of differentiation of self are examined. As a prerequisite to conducting successful family systems therapy, therapists must examine their own family of origin.

Vocation as Autobiography: Family of Origin Influences on the Caregiving Role in Ministry

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank J. Stalfa
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Family Systems ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Family Systems Theory ◽  
Therapeutic Applications ◽  
Case Vignettes ◽  
And Function

Presents an overview of transgenerational family systems theory with primary emphasis on the dynamics of family life which are understood to influence the decision to enter a helping profession. Evaluates the role of caregiver as an aspect of ministerial identity and function in order to ascertain those factors which enhance or undermine professional development. Illustrates these influences with case vignettes and suggests education and therapeutic applications.

scholarly journals Hepatocytes convert to a fibroblastoid phenotype through the cooperation of TGF-β1 and Ha-Ras: steps towards invasiveness

2002 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 1189-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Gotzmann ◽  
Heidemarie Huber ◽  
Christiane Thallinger ◽  
Markus Wolschek ◽  
Burkhard Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Pi3 Kinase ◽  
Collagen Gels ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation ◽  
Open Question ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Pi3 Kinase Pathway ◽  
Tgf Β1

In hepatocarcinogenesis, it is an open question whether transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 provides a tumor-suppressive or a tumor-promoting role. To address this question, we employed immortalized murine hepatocytes, which display a high degree of differentiation and, expectedly, arrest in the G1 phase under exposure to TGF-β1. These hepatocytes maintain epithelial polarization upon expression of oncogenic Ha-Ras. However, Ras-transformed hepatocytes rapidly convert to a spindle-shaped, fibroblastoid morphology upon treatment with TGF-β1, which no longer inhibits proliferation. This epithelial to fibroblastoid conversion (EFC) is accompanied by disruption of intercellular contacts and remodeling of the cytoskeletal framework. Fibroblastoid derivatives form elongated branching cords in collagen gels and grow to severely vascularized tumors in vivo, indicating their increased malignancy and even invasive phenotype. Additionally, fibroblastoid cells secrete strongly enhanced levels of TGF-β1, suggesting an autocrine regulation of TGF-β signaling. Expression profiling further revealed that the loss of the adhesion component E-cadherin correlates with the upregulation of its transcriptional repressor Snail in fibroblastoid cells. Moreover, the phosphoinositide 3-OH (PI3) kinase pathway was required for the maintenance of EFC, as inhibition of PI3 kinase reverted fibroblastoid cells to an epithelial-like phenotype. Taken together, these data indicate a dual role of TGF-β1 in hepatocytes: it induces proliferation arrest but provides a crucial function in promoting late malignant events in collaboration with activated Ha-Ras.

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