Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders among Vietnam Combat Veterans

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 593-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Keith Langley
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Combat Veterans ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Traumatic Stress Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Vietnam Combat Veterans

The conflict in Vietnam has ceased, but for many veterans the hostilities remain in terms of problems ranging from nightmares to inability to cope with a nonhostile environment. The veterans are beginning to emerge from a postwar underground life-style to seek help; working with them requires special treatment skill and understanding.

scholarly journals PAI-1 protein is a key molecular effector in the transition from normal to PTSD-like fear memory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bouarab ◽  
V. Roullot-Lacarrière ◽  
M. Vallée ◽  
A. Le Roux ◽  
C. Guette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Glucocorticoid Hormones ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Traumatic Stress Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Very High ◽  
Moderate Stress ◽  
Pai 1

AbstractModerate stress increases memory and facilitates adaptation. In contrast, intense stress can induce pathological memories as observed in post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD). A shift in the balance between the expression of tPA and PAI-1 proteins is responsible for this transition. In conditions of moderate stress, glucocorticoid hormones increase the expression of the tPA protein in the hippocampal brain region which by triggering the Erk1/2MAPK signaling cascade strengthens memory. When stress is particularly intense, very high levels of glucocorticoid hormones then increase the production of PAI-1 protein, which by blocking the activity of tPA induces PTSD-like memories. PAI-1 levels after trauma could be a predictive biomarker of the subsequent appearance of PTSD and pharmacological inhibition of PAI-1 activity a new therapeutic approach to this debilitating condition.

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