Effect of Computer Keyboard Slope on Upper Limb Postures at Sitting and Standing ComputerWorkstations : A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1235-1239
Author(s):  
Howraa Nash ◽  
Gourav Kumar Nayak ◽  
Jashwant Thota ◽  
Mohammed Alsowaidi ◽  
Hashem Alsowaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
User Preference ◽  
Positive Slope ◽  
Standing Posture ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Wrist Extension ◽  
Sitting Posture ◽  
Working Postures ◽  
Computer Workstation ◽  
Computer Keyboard

A user’s posture at a computer workstation, especially wrist posture, is determined by the keyboard angle. Most commercially available computer keyboards have a built-in positive slope that requires the user to extend their wrist approximately 20° when typing. The purpose of this study is to find the negative keyboard angles that minimize wrist extension for both sitting and standing workstations. In this study, we compared upper limb working postures, including those of the wrist, elbow and shoulder, at 5 different keyboard angles between −16° and +6° in sitting and standing postures. Based on our results, we can conclude that the optimal range of keyboard slope is from −4° to −12° in sitting posture and −8° to −12° in the standing posture in terms of minimum wrist extension, typing performance, and user preference. We also propose a universal keyboard support design as an attachment to currently available keyboards.

scholarly journals Influence of design of dentist’s chairs on body posture for dentists with different working experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Huppert ◽  
W. Betz ◽  
C. Maurer-Grubinger ◽  
F. Holzgreve ◽  
L. Fraeulin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Ergonomic Design ◽  
Sitting Posture ◽  
Working Posture ◽  
Working Postures

Abstract Background Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are a common health problem among dentists. Dental treatment is mainly performed in a sitting position. The aim of the study was to quantify the effect of different ergonomic chairs on the sitting position. In addition, it was tested if the sitting position of experienced workers is different from a non-dental group. Methods A total of 59 (28 m/31f) subjects, divided into two dentist groups according to their work experience (students and dentists (9 m/11f) < 10 years, dentists (9 m/10f) ≥ 10 years) and a control group (10 m/10f) were measured. A three-dimensional back scanner captured the bare back of all subjects sitting on six dentist’s chairs of different design. Initially, inter-group comparisons per chair, firstly in the habitual and secondly in the working postures, were carried out. Furthermore, inter-chair comparison was conducted for the habitual as well as for the working postures of all subjects and for each group. Finally, a comparison between the habitual sitting posture and the working posture for each respective chair (intra-chair comparison) was conducted (for all subjects and for each group). In addition, a subjective assessment of each chair was made. For the statistical analysis, non-parametric tests were conducted and the level of significance was set at 5%. Results When comparing the three subject groups, all chairs caused a more pronounced spinal kyphosis in experienced dentists. In both conditions (habitual and working postures), a symmetrical sitting position was assumed on each chair. The inter-chair comparisons showed no differences regarding the ergonomic design of the chairs. The significances found in the inter-chair comparisons were all within the measurementerror and could, therefore, be classified as clinically irrelevant. The intra-chair comparison (habitual sitting position vs. working sitting position) illustrated position-related changes in the sagittal, but not in the transverse, plane. These changes were only position-related (forward leaned working posture) and were not influenced by the ergonomic sitting design of the respective chair. There are no differences between the groups in the subjective assessment of each chair. Conclusions Regardless of the group or the dental experience, the ergonomic design of the dentist’s chair had only a marginal influence on the upper body posture in both the habitual and working sitting postures. Consequently, the focus of the dentist’s chair, in order to minimize MSD, should concentrate on adopting a symmetrical sitting posture rather than on its ergonomic design.

scholarly journals Correlation between Age, Nutritional Status, and Working Posture and Musculoskeletal Disorders in PT ARPS

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Mufidha Khoirul Umami
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Working Postures ◽  
Body Map

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders occur due to various factors: main factors, such as extortion of the muscles, repetitive activities, non-ergonomic working postures; secondary factors (pressure, vibrant, microclimate), and individual factors (age, years of service, sex, nutritional status, physical endurance, smoking habits, physical strength and anthropometry). The workers in the Injection Department at PT. ARPS mostly work with non-ergonomic working postures. The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation between age, nutritional status, and working postures and the complaints on musculoskeletal disorders among the workers in the Injection department at PT. ARPS. Metods: This study applies analytic observational method with a cross-sectional design. The sample is chosen by implementing simple random sampling with a total of 52 respondents. The data collection to measure the ratio risk level of the working postures of the injection workers is completed by using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) measurement method, while Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire form is used to measure risk level of the disorder, and anthropometry measurement is applied to evaluate the nutritional status of the workers, such as their height and weight. The data are analyzed using Spearman Rho’s Correlation (significance level α = 5%). Results: The percentage of injection workers are <35 years old (76.9%), have normal nutritional status (59.6%), 27 workers (51.9%) have low musculoskeletal disorders and 19 others (36.5%) have low-risk postures. Concluded: That there is a correlation between age (ρ-value = 0.005), nutritional status (ρ-value = 0.003) and working postures (ρ-value = 0.036) and musculoskeletal disorders on the injection workers at PT. ARPS. Keywords: injection worker, musculoskeletal disorders, Nordic Body Map, Rapid Upper Limb Assessement, working postures

scholarly journals Epileptic Negative Myoclonus as the First and Only Symptom in a Challenging Diagnosis of Benign Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 2329048X1771596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Chen ◽  
Guo Zheng ◽  
Hu Guo ◽  
Xiaopeng Lu ◽  
Chunfeng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Seizure Type ◽  
Standing Posture ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Negative Myoclonus ◽  
Polygraphic Recordings ◽  
Benign Epilepsy

Objective: To investigate the clinical and neurophysiological characteristics of epileptic negative myoclonus as the first and only ictal symptom of benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Methods: Electrophysiological evaluations included polygraphic recordings with simultaneous video electroencephalogram monitoring and tests performed with patient’s upper limb outstretched in standing posture. Epileptic negative myoclonus manifestations, electrophysiological features, and responses to antiepileptic drugs were analyzed. Results: The authors report 2 patients with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes, who had epileptic negative myoclonus as the first and only seizure type. Video electroencephalogram monitoring results showed that their negative myoclonus seizures were emanating from the contralateral central and the parietal regions. Epileptic negative myoclonus was controlled by administration of valproate and levetiracetam. Conclusion: Epileptic negative myoclonus can be the first and only seizure type of benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes, and long-term follow-up monitoring should be the care for the recurrence and/or presence of other types of seizures.

scholarly journals Bilateral Upper Limb Training With Functional Electric Stimulation in Patients With Chronic Stroke

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Ka-leung Chan ◽  
Raymond Kai-yu Tong ◽  
Kenneth Yiu-kwan Chung
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Electric Stimulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wrist Extension ◽  
Upper Limb Rehabilitation ◽  
Upper Limb Function ◽  
Active Range Of Motion ◽  
Limb Rehabilitation

Background. The recovery rate of upper limb function after stroke is poor when compared with independent walking. Therefore, effective methods are warranted for upper limb rehabilitation. Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of functional electric stimulation (FES) with bilateral activities training on upper limb function. Methods. This study was a double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Twenty patients were recruited 6 months after the onset of stroke and completed 15 training sessions. Participants were randomly assigned to the FES group or to the control group. Each session consisted of stretching activities (10 minutes), FES with bilateral tasks (20 minutes), and occupational therapy treatment (60 minutes). The participants used a self-trigger mechanism, with an accelerometer as a motion detector, for generating an electric stimulation pattern that was synchronized with the bilateral upper limb activities during the training. The participants in the control group received the same duration of stretching and occupational therapy training except that they just received placebo stimulation with the bilateral tasks. The outcome measures included Functional Test for the Hemiplegic Upper Extremity (FTHUE), Fugl—Meyer Assessment (FMA), grip power, forward reaching distance, active range of motion of wrist extension, Functional Independence Measure, and Modified Ashworth Scale. Results. At baseline comparison, there was no significant difference in both groups. After 15 training sessions, the FES group had significant improvement in FMA ( P = .039), FTHUE ( P = .001), and active range of motion of wrist extension ( P = .020) when compared with the control group. Conclusions. Bilateral upper limb training with FES could be an effective method for upper limb rehabilitation of stroke patients after 15 training sessions.

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