Computer Graphics Techniques for Job Analysis and Reach Assessment

1981 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 352-354
Author(s):  
Louis E. Boydstun ◽  
Julie Winston ◽  
David S. Kessel ◽  
John B. Borshch
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Job Analysis ◽  
Job Design ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Harmonic Model ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Spherical Harmonic Model ◽  
Analyze Data

Job analysts and designers require efficient techniques to quickly and accurately evaluate the reach requirements of a job with respect to individual and population reach capabilities. Interactive computer graphics may be used to provide job analysis capabilities in a manner which minimizes the time for an analyst to collect and analyze data, and recommend job modifications. These computer aided job design facilities require analytical models to support the job analysis function. This paper focuses on analytical models for estimating maximum reach capabilities. A three dimensional spherical harmonic model is used to describe reach capabilities for several different populations and job configurations. The results indicate that the model provides very accurate estimates of maximum reach capability. The model supports computer aided job analysis procedures efficiently with respect to the analyst's time.

Computer-aided methods for 3-D visualization of serial sections and thick biological specimens

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1060-1061
Author(s):  
Mark Ellisman ◽  
Maryann Martone ◽  
Gabriel Soto ◽  
Eleizer Masliah ◽  
David Hessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Neuritic Plaque ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Molecular Physiology ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

Structurally-oriented biologists examine cells, tissues, organelles and macromolecules in order to gain insight into cellular and molecular physiology by relating structure to function. The understanding of these structures can be greatly enhanced by the use of techniques for the visualization and quantitative analysis of three-dimensional structure. Three projects from current research activities will be presented in order to illustrate both the present capabilities of computer aided techniques as well as their limitations and future possibilities.The first project concerns the three-dimensional reconstruction of the neuritic plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. We have developed a software package “Synu” for investigation of 3D data sets which has been used in conjunction with laser confocal light microscopy to study the structure of the neuritic plaque. Tissue sections of autopsy samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease were double-labeled for tau, a cytoskeletal marker for abnormal neurites, and synaptophysin, a marker of presynaptic terminals.

Improved 3-D reconstruction using stereo computer graphics and multiple tilt EM images

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 630-631
Author(s):  
Lee D. Peachey ◽  
Lou Fodor ◽  
John C. Haselgrove ◽  
Stanley M. Dunn ◽  
Junqing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Transverse Section ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stereo Pair ◽  
3D Reconstructions ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Microscope Images ◽  
High Performance Computer

Stereo pairs of electron microscope images provide valuable visual impressions of the three-dimensional nature of specimens, including biological objects. Beyond this one seeks quantitatively accurate models and measurements of the three dimensional positions and sizes of structures in the specimen. In our laboratory, we have sought to combine high resolution video cameras with high performance computer graphics systems to improve both the ease of building 3D reconstructions and the accuracy of 3D measurements, by using multiple tilt images of the same specimen tilted over a wider range of angles than can be viewed stereoscopically. Ultimately we also wish to automate the reconstruction and measurement process, and have initiated work in that direction.Figure 1 is a stereo pair of 400 kV images from a 1 micrometer thick transverse section of frog skeletal muscle stained with the Golgi stain. This stain selectively increases the density of the transverse tubular network in these muscle cells, and it is this network that we reconstruct in this example.

Three-Dimensional Subcellular Organization of Hepatocytes in Intact Liver: Simultaneous Visualization of Cytoskeletal and Membrane Markers by Confocal Microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Greg V. Martin ◽  
Ann L. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Integral Membrane Proteins ◽  
Polarized Secretion ◽  
Microscope Images ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Intracellular Organelles ◽  
Cytoskeletal Elements ◽  
Simultaneous Visualization

The microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton is necessary for many of the polarized functions of hepatocytes. Among the functions dependent on the MT-based cytoskeleton are polarized secretion of proteins, delivery of endocytosed material to lysosomes, and transcytosis of integral plasma membrane (PM) proteins. Although microtubules have been shown to be crucial to the establishment and maintenance of functional and structural polarization in the hepatocyte, little is known about the architecture of the hepatocyte MT cytoskeleton in vivo, particularly with regard to its relationship to PM domains and membranous organelles. Using an in situ extraction technique that preserves both microtubules and cellular membranes, we have developed a protocol for immunofluorescent co-localization of cytoskeletal elements and integral membrane proteins within 20 µm cryosections of fixed rat liver. Computer-aided 3D reconstruction of multi-spectral confocal microscope images was used to visualize the spatial relationships among the MT cytoskeleton, PM domains and intracellular organelles.

Validation of a Belt Model for Prediction of Hub Forces from a Rolling Tire4

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lecomte ◽  
W. R. Graham ◽  
D. J. O’Boy
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Beam Model ◽  
Impedance Boundary ◽  
Bending Waves ◽  
Tire Rotation ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

Abstract An integrated model is under development which will be able to predict the interior noise due to the vibrations of a rolling tire structurally transmitted to the hub of a vehicle. Here, the tire belt model used as part of this prediction method is first briefly presented and discussed, and it is then compared to other models available in the literature. This component will be linked to the tread blocks through normal and tangential forces and to the sidewalls through impedance boundary conditions. The tire belt is modeled as an orthotropic cylindrical ring of negligible thickness with rotational effects, internal pressure, and prestresses included. The associated equations of motion are derived by a variational approach and are investigated for both unforced and forced motions. The model supports extensional and bending waves, which are believed to be the important features to correctly predict the hub forces in the midfrequency (50–500 Hz) range of interest. The predicted waves and forced responses of a benchmark structure are compared to the predictions of several alternative analytical models: two three dimensional models that can support multiple isotropic layers, one of these models include curvature and the other one is flat; a one-dimensional beam model which does not consider axial variations; and several shell models. Finally, the effects of internal pressure, prestress, curvature, and tire rotation on free waves are discussed.

scholarly journals Job analysis: Time for a paradigm shift

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Cogill
Keyword(s):  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Job Analysis ◽  
Job Design ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Behavioural Science ◽  
Task Identity ◽  
Labour Practice ◽  
Job Content ◽  
Task Significance ◽  
Identity Task

Job analysis, a major form of job measurement, is essential for a whole range of job related personnel functions and is often central in debate and legislation surrounding fair labour practice, equal opportunity and pay. This article deals with the behavioural-science contributions to the field. Job analysis and particularly quantified job analysis is discussed in detail and some methodological issues are highlighted. The author also deals with job design, i.e. the measurement of job content for job-design purposes. Aspects like skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy and feedback are scrutinized. Problems and implications regarding validity and reliability are discussed.

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