Commission Error Rates on a Continuous Performance Test Are Related to Deficits Measured by the Benton Visual Retention Test

Assessment ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Dougherty ◽  
Charles W. Mathias ◽  
Dawn M. Marsh ◽  
Kevin W. Greve ◽  
James M. Bjork ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retention Test ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Commission Error ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Commission Errors ◽  
Benton Visual Retention Test

This study is one in a series investigating the relationship between impulsive behavior on a Continuous Performance Test (i.e., the Immediate and Delayed Memory Task) and other cognitive deficits measured by clinical instruments. Forty-two adolescents were selected for two groups, controls and hospitalized patients with disruptive behavior disorders. Each adolescent completed the Immediate and Delayed Memory Task and the Benton Visual Retention Test. Our main findings were that, even when controlling for IQ, the Immediate and Delayed Memory Task commission errors were associated with adverse Benton performance, but only in the patient group. These results may be explained by a shared association between processes of impulsivity and other deficits of executive control that may interfere with successful performance of the Benton.

Alcohol Increases Commission Error Rates for a Continuous Performance Test

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1342-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Dougherty ◽  
F. Gerard Moeller ◽  
Joel L. Steinberg ◽  
Dawn M. Marsh ◽  
Stella E. Hines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Commission Error ◽  
Continuous Performance

scholarly journals A-13 Sustained Attention, Impulsivity, and Tangentiality of Speech Among Young Adults and Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 872-872
Author(s):  
J Helphrey ◽  
L Smith ◽  
D Rodriguez ◽  
D Rose III ◽  
J Sawyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Procedural Memory ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Commission Errors ◽  
Omission Errors

Abstract Objective Previous research has linked off-topic verbosity (OTV) among older adults with lower performance on neuropsychological tests tapping attention and executive functioning. However, most of this research has utilized relatively brief neurocognitive measures. Continuous performance tests (CPTs) measure sustained attention and impulsivity. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between sustained attention, impulsivity, and tangentiality of speech among young adults and older adults. Method Young adult college students (age 18-29; n= 61) and healthy, community-dwelling older adults (age 60-99; n = 81) were administered the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test – 3 and provided a sample of speech (one episodic memory and one procedural memory). These speech samples were transcribed and rated for tangentiality by three independent reviewers. Results Among all participants, greater tangentiality of speech was associated with omission errors (r = .22, p = .01) but not with commission errors. This same pattern was found among older adults: omission errors (r = .23, p = .04) were associated with greater tangentiality but commission errors were not. Among young adults, these relationships were not statistically significant. Conclusions Results suggest that tangentiality of speech is associated with inattentiveness but not impulsivity, and this relationship may be more marked among older adults than young adults. OTV among older adults may stem from difficulty sustaining attention over time rather than diminished capacity for inhibiting impulses.

scholarly journals Associations between self-reported impulsivity and a latent variable of impulsive action constructed from three laboratory tasks

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 204380871986189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Hasegawa ◽  
Keita Somatori ◽  
Haruki Nishimura ◽  
Yosuke Hattori ◽  
Yoshihiko Kunisato
Keyword(s):  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Commission Error ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Impulsive Action ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Behavioral Impulsivity

Previous research on relationships between self-reported impulsivity and behavioral impulsivity has been limited because behavioral impulsivity was assessed using individual tasks. To alleviate the task-impurity problem and the low reliability of laboratory tasks assessing impulsivity, the present study examined the correlations between a latent variable constructed from the performances of three laboratory tasks assessing impulsive action and each dimension of self-reported impulsivity. University students in Japan ( N = 176) responded to the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale assessing five dimensions of self-reported impulsivity that included the following: negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, sensation seeking, and positive urgency. They also conducted laboratory tasks for assessing impulsive action: the go/no-go task, stop signal task, and Conners continuous performance test 3rd edition (CCPT). Results indicated weak correlations between each dimension of self-reported impulsivity and the latent variable named impulsive action constructed from the performances of three laboratory tasks (mean r = .10) and with the performances of individual laboratory tasks (mean r = .03). The latent variable of impulsive action and the commission error rate in the CCPT were significantly correlated with sensation seeking. However, this association disappeared after controlling for the influence of gender. These findings suggested that measures of self-reported and behavioral impulsivity might assess different constructs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Combined Effects of Heat and Lighting on the Level of Attention and Reaction Time: Climate Chamber Experiments in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Zohreh Mohebian ◽  
Somayeh Farhang Dehghan ◽  
Habiballah Dehghan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Commission Error ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Selective Reaction ◽  
Time Test ◽  
Reaction Time Test

Heat exposure and unsuitable lighting are two physical hazardous agents in many workplaces for which there are some evidences regarding their mental effects. The purpose of this study was to assess the combined effect of heat exposure and different lighting levels on the attention rate and reaction time in a climatic chamber. This study was conducted on 33 healthy students (17 M/16 F) with a mean (±SD) age of22.1±2.3years. The attention and reaction time test were done by continuous performance test and the RT meter, respectively, in different exposure conditions including the dry temperatures (22°C and 37°C) and lighting levels (200, 500, and 1500 lux). Findings demonstrated that increase in heat and lighting level caused a decrease in average attention percentage and correct responses and increase in commission error, omission error, and response time (P<0.05). The average of simple, diagnostic, two-color selective, and two-sound selective reaction times increased after combined exposure to heat and lighting (P<0.05). The results of this study indicated that, in job task which requires using cognitive functions like attention, vigilance, concentration, cautiousness, and reaction time, the work environment must be optimized in terms of heat and lighting level.

Subtype analysis of commission errors on the continuous performance test in children

1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Halperin ◽  
Lorraine Wolf ◽  
Edward R. Greenblatt ◽  
Gerald Young
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Commission Errors

scholarly journals Does Co-Occurring Anxiety Modulate ADHD-Related Cognitive and Neurophysiological Impairments?

2019 ◽  
pp. 108705471987949
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Adamo ◽  
Giorgia Michelini ◽  
Celeste H. M. Cheung ◽  
Jan K. Buitelaar ◽  
Philip Asherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Error Processing ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Commission Errors ◽  
Wide Range

Objective: This study investigates whether anxiety modulates cognitive-performance, electrophysiological and electrodermal processes that we previously found impaired in individuals with ADHD. Method: Self-reported anxiety symptoms, cognitive-electrophysiological measures of response inhibition, working memory, attention, conflict monitoring, error processing, and peripheral arousal during three cognitive tasks were obtained from 87 adolescents and young adults with ADHD and 169 controls. We tested the association of anxiety symptoms with each measure and whether controlling for anxiety symptoms attenuates the ADHD–control difference for each measure. Results: Individuals with ADHD showed significantly elevated anxiety symptoms compared with controls. Only commission errors on a Continuous Performance Test (measuring response inhibition) were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms and only among controls, with the ADHD–control difference in this measure remaining significant. Conclusion: Using a wide range of cognitive, electrophysiological, and electrodermal measures, our investigation suggests, overall, limited malleability of these impairments in individuals with ADHD irrespective of their levels of anxiety.

The use and meaning of the continuous performance test in schizophrenia

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Bellani ◽  
Paolo Brambilla
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Commission Errors ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Neurocognitive Assessment ◽  
Behavioural Assessment ◽  
Omission Errors

AbstractThe continuous performance test (CPT) is a behavioural assessment of attentional modulation of the motor system (Rosvold et al., 1956). It has firstly been used in patients with brain injuries and then applied to assess sustained attention and vigilance in epilepsy, brain tumor, dementia, schizophrenia and other psychiatric diseases, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety disorders (Rosvold et al., 1956; Honey et al., 2005; Kanaka et al., 2008). There are several versions of the test. For instance, the X-CPT version presents randomly different stimuli and subjects are asked to push a button only on presentation of the target stimuli (X). In the AX-CPT version, the subjects are required to push the button only when a cue stimulus is presented before the target one (A before X). The following items are measured for the X and AX tasks: omission errors (number of times subjects fail to respond to target stimulation), commission errors (number of times subjects respond to non target stimulation), average reaction time and coefficient of variance for both correct reactions and commission errors (Suwa et al., 2004). There are other versions, such as the CPT-not X version where the subjects are asked not to push a button when the target stimulus (X) is presented; the Degraded Stimuli (DS)-CPT (Nuechterlein, 1983); the CPT playing card version (Rutschmann et al., 1977); and the CPT Identical Pairs version (Cornblatt et al., 1988), which is a more difficult task prepared to assess high risk population. Interestingly, the Identical Pairs version has been included in the Matrics neurocognitive assessment, a consensus cognitive battery for clinical trials of cognition in schizophrenia (Nuechterlein et al., 2008).

scholarly journals Relationships Between Total Cholesterol Levels and Specific Alterations in Impulsivity and Attention

2011 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
MATHEW H. GENDLE ◽  
KIMBERLY S. GLAZER ◽  
ELIZABETH A. OLSZEWSKI ◽  
CINDY A. NOVAK
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Commission Errors ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioral Impulsivity

Abstract The relationship between total cholesterol (TC) levels in whole blood and error rates on the Conners Continuous Performance Test II (CPT; a standardized computer-based assessment of visual attention and reaction time) was investigated in a sample of generally healthy adults, and followed up previous research that tentatively suggested a positive relationship between TC and behavioral impulsivity. TC levels were gathered from capillary blood samples taken from each participant (n  =  30). Measures of life stress and various socio-demographic and health variables were also obtained. Each participant also completed the CPT, and a covariate-adjusted analysis was completed to examine the relationship between TC and CPT performance. Adjusting for several relevant covariates, increases in TC were significantly positively associated with a greater rate of CPT commission errors, which are widely assumed to serve as an indicator of behavioral impulsivity. Noteworthy behavioral consequences of elevated TC may exist, particularly in situations that require impulse control and sustained visual attention.

An Adaptive-Rate Continuous Performance Test: Vigilance Characteristics and Reliability for 400 Male Students

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Buchsbaum ◽  
A. J. Sostek
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Continuous Performance Task ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adaptive Rate

An adaptive-rate Continuous Performance Task for the assessment of human performance has been developed based on the original method of Rosvold, et al. (1956). The stimulus presentation speeds up after correct detections and slows down after errors of omission or commission, allowing applications in a wide range of clinical populations and normal age groups. Adequate error rates are obtained to characterize each individual's performance. Signal detection analysis yields d′ and β parameters with adequate test-retest reliability over 6 mo. A specific decline in a′ over time is consistent with other studies of human vigilance.

Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) bei Kindern mit hyperkinetischem Syndrom - eine experimentelle Untersuchung mittels des Continuous Performance Test (CPT)

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hennighausen ◽  
G. Schulte-Körne ◽  
A. Warnke ◽  
H. Remschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Contingent Negative Variation ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Experimentelle Untersuchung

Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Gibt es neurophysiologische Korrelate der Aufmerksamkeitsstörung beim hyperkinetischen Syndrom (HKS) und welche Bedeutung haben diese für die Ätiologie der Störung. Methodik: Selektive Aufmerksamkeitsprozesse wurden anhand des zweistufigen Continuous Performance Test (CPT) bei 18 Jungen mit hyperkinetischem Syndrom (HKS) untersucht und mit einer nach dem Alter parallelisierten Kontrollgruppe von 21 Jungen verglichen. Die Altersspanne der Stichprobe betrug 6 bis 12 Jahre. Parallel dazu wurden ereigniskorrelierte Potentiale (EKP) während des Tests an den Elektrodenpositionen Fz, Cz, Pz und Oz mit Referenz zu verbundenen Ohren abgeleitet. Ergebnisse: Im EKP nach dem präparatorischen Stimulus konnten zwei Komponenten der Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) mit unterschiedlicher topographischer Verteilung identifiziert werden (CNV-1: 600 bis 1100 ms und CNV-2: 1000 bis 1500 ms nach Stimulus). Die Stichproben unterschieden sich nicht auf der Verhaltensebene (Fehlerrate und Reaktionszeit). Signifikante Gruppenunterschiede ergaben sich hinsichtlich der Topographie der beiden CNV-Komponenten. Kinder mit HKS zeigten im Vergleich zu Kontrollkindern eine signifikant niedrigere CNV-1 über der frontalen und eine Tendenz zu stärkerer Negativierung (CNV-1 und CNV-2) über der occipitalen Elektrode. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Ergebnisse unterstützen die Hypothese einer Unterfunktion frontaler inhibitorischer Prozesse bei Kindern mit HKS.

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