Sexual Abuse and Assault in a Large National Sample of Children and Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ateret Gewirtz-Meydan ◽  
David Finkelhor
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Police Reports ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Victimization Questionnaire ◽  
Children’S Exposure

The present study sought to examine features of sexual abuse cases among a U.S. nationally representative sample of 13,052 children and adolescents, ages 0–17 years. The National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence was collected in three different years (2008, 2011, and 2014) via telephone interviews. Information about sexual abuse and assault was obtained from youth themselves (ages 10–17) or caregivers (for children ages 0–9) using the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire. Results indicate most offenses are at the hands of other juveniles (76.7% for males and 70.1% for females), primarily acquaintances, and occurring more frequently for adolescents aged 14–17. Whereas girls are mostly abused by males (88.4%), boys are abused by both males (45.6%) and females (54.4%). In 15% of cases, penetration is part of the abuse. Victims report being very afraid in 37.5% of episodes but not at all afraid in 19.8%. Among 10- to 17-year-olds, 66.3% of episodes are not reported to parents or any adult. Police reports occur for 19.1% of all cases. The results in the present study indicate that children and youth are exposed to sexual abuse and assault in varied ways, which require moving beyond conventional stereotypes of the problem.

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Involuntary Psychiatric Hospitalization of Youths in China Based on a Nationally Representative Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Geng ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Rachel Conrad ◽  
Tingfang Liu ◽  
Yuanli Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Involuntary Admission ◽  
Primary Reason ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Reason For Admission

Objective: This nationally representative sample investigates demographic, diagnostic and clinical features associated with both voluntary and involuntary psychiatric hospitalization among children and adolescents psychiatrically hospitalized in China.Method: As part of an official national survey, 41 provincial tertiary psychiatric hospitals in China were selected. Data from 196 children and adolescents who were discharged from these psychiatric hospitals from March 19 to 31, 2019 were retrieved and analyzed.Results: 1. Psychotic symptoms, depressive symptoms and self-injury/suicide were the most common reasons of admission. Girls were significantly likely to be admitted due to depressive symptoms, whereas boys were more likely to be admitted due to aggressive behaviors. 2. The overall rate of involuntary admission was 32.1% (N = 63). Compared to patients who were admitted voluntarily, those who were admitted involuntarily had lower GAF scores on admission, were older, were more likely to present with psychotic symptoms, manic symptoms or aggressive behavior as primary reason for admission, were less likely to present with depressive symptoms, had a significantly longer length of stay, were more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia and were less likely to be diagnosed as depressive disorder. 3. A logistic regression showed that depressive symptom as primary reason for admission was significantly associated with voluntary admission (OR = 0.159, p < 0.001), along with two other factors: age (p < 0.01) and a lower GAF score at admission (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with involuntary admission.Conclusion: The rate of involuntary psychiatric hospitalization among children and adolescents is higher in China than in other regions. Developing more specific and more operational criteria to guide involuntary psychiatric admission for child and adolescent patients is of urgency and great importance to ensure appropriate treatment of these patients and protect their rights.

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN ACHIEVEMENT IN A LARGE, NATIONALLY REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Scheiber ◽  
Matthew R. Reynolds ◽  
Daniel B. Hajovsky ◽  
Alan S. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Nationally Representative

Pediatric-specific reference intervals in a nationally representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-III study

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Kelishadi ◽  
Hamid Reza Marateb ◽  
Marjan Mansourian ◽  
Gelayol Ardalan ◽  
Ramin Heshmat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Iranian Children

scholarly journals The association between physical fitness and health in a nationally representative sample of Canadian children and youth aged 6 to 17 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin J. Lang ◽  
Richard Larouche ◽  
Mark S. Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Nationally Representative

Introduction This study explored the relationship between physical fitness and indicators of physical and psychosocial health in a nationally representative sample of Canadian children and youth aged 6–17 years. Methods We conducted a secondary data analysis of Canadian Health Measures Survey (Cycles 1 and 2; 2007-2011) data. The physical fitness measures included cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF; modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test), strength (handgrip strength), flexibility (sit-and-reach), and muscular endurance (partial curl-ups). The physical health indicators included directly measured biomarkers (total and HDL [high-density lipoprotein] cholesterol, C-reactive protein, glucose, and HbA1c [glycohaemoglobin]) and measures of adiposity, resting heart rate, and blood pressure. Psychosocial health was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Multiple linear regressions were used to determine the association between variables, stratified by age groups and sex. Results 3,800 (48.9% female) children and youth were retained for this analysis. CRF displayed significant favourable associations with most physical health indicators in male and female participants. There were less significant favourable associations with flexibility and muscular endurance compared with CRF across age and sex groups. Strength was associated with higher adiposity in males and females, and lower heart rate in male children (β = −1.9; 95% CI: −2.9, −1.0) and female youth (β = −2.0; 95% CI: −2.7, −1.2). There were few significant favourable associations between measures of physical fitness and psychosocial health in this sample of children and youth. Conclusion These findings suggest that physical fitness, and especially CRF, is a significant indicator of physical health among Canadian children and youth aged 6–17 years.

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