Self-Awareness of Executive Functioning Deficits in Adolescents With ADHD

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla A. Steward ◽  
Alexander Tan ◽  
Lauren Delgaty ◽  
Mitzi M. Gonzales ◽  
Melissa Bunner
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
T Score ◽  
Academic Deficits ◽  
Discrepancy Scores ◽  
Behavior Rating Inventory ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Executive Functioning Deficits

Objective: Children with ADHD lack self-awareness of their social and academic deficits, frequently rating themselves more favorably than external sources. The purpose of the current study was to assess whether adolescents with ADHD also hold a positive bias toward their executive functioning (EF). Method: Participants include 22 control and 35 ADHD subjects, aged 11 to 16. Participants and their parents completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF) Self and Parent forms, respectively. Discrepancy scores were calculated for each domain by subtracting the adolescents’ T-score from the parents’ T-score. Results: Discrepancy scores were significantly higher in the ADHD group than controls within the Inhibit, Shift, Monitor, Emotional Control, Working Memory, and Plan/Organization domains (all p < .05). Conclusion: As compared with controls, adolescents with ADHD tend to endorse fewer EF difficulties than what parents report. This is the first study to demonstrate that those with ADHD may overestimate their EF ability.

Emotional Lability in Preschoolers With Symptoms of ADHD

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 787-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Romvig Overgaard ◽  
Beate Oerbeck ◽  
Heidi Aase ◽  
Svenn Torgersen ◽  
Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parent Report ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Emotional Lability ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Assessment Interview ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Behavior Rating Inventory

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine occurrence of emotional lability (EL) in preschoolers with ADHD symptoms versus controls. Method: The study was part of the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. In the present study, 495 preschoolers were clinically examined. Symptoms of ADHD, anxiety, and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) were measured with the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment Interview. An EL measure was obtained from the Emotional Control subscale of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function–Preschool Version (BRIEF-P), which parents and teachers completed. Results: EL was significantly more frequent in the ADHD group compared with controls (25% vs. 7%, p < .001). By parent report, EL correlated significantly with ADHD-, anxiety-, and ODD symptoms. By teacher report, EL was significantly correlated only with hyperactivity-impulsivity. Conclusion: EL appears identifiable in young preschoolers and was particularly associated with ODD in children with ADHD symptoms.

scholarly journals Everyday Executive Function and Self-Awareness in Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ryan W. Mangum ◽  
Justin S. Miller ◽  
Warren S. Brown ◽  
Anne A.T. Nolty ◽  
Lynn K. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Behavioral Regulation ◽  
Normative Sample ◽  
Informant Ratings ◽  
Behavior Rating Inventory ◽  
Elevated Frequency ◽  
Close Relatives

Abstract Objective: Agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is associated with a range of cognitive deficits, including mild to moderate problems in higher order executive functions evident in neuropsychological assessments. Previous research has also suggested a lack of self-awareness in persons with AgCC. Method: We investigated daily executive functioning and self-awareness in 36 individuals with AgCC by analyzing self-ratings on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A), as well as ratings on the same instrument from close relatives. Discrepancies between self- and informant-ratings were compared to the normative sample and exploratory analyses examined possible moderating effects of participant and informant characteristics. Results: Significant deficiencies were found in the Behavioral Regulation and Metacognitive indices for both the self and informant results, with elevated frequency of metacognition scores in the borderline to clinical range. Informants also endorsed elevated frequency of borderline to clinically significant behavioral regulation scores. The proportion of AgCC participants whose self-ratings indicated less metacognitive impairment than informant-ratings was greater than in the normative sample. Self-ratings of behavioral regulation impairment decreased with age and informant-ratings of metacognition were higher in males than females. Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that individuals with AgCC experience mild to moderate executive functioning problems in everyday behavior which are observed by others. Results also suggest a lack of self-understanding or insight into the severity of these problems in the individuals with AgCC, particularly with respect to their metacognitive functioning.

scholarly journals Comparison of clinical and cognitive characteristics of a Mexican adult clinical population with and without ADHD

Salud Mental ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 297-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Palacios-Cruz ◽  
◽  
F Galicia ◽  
A Arias-Caballero ◽  
EM Cárdenas Godínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
World Population ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Case Review

Introduction. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting approximately 5% of the world population, with symptoms that may persist into adulthood. Despite the findings on the clinical course of this disorder, information regarding comorbidity patterns, psychosocial and executive functioning in adult life in those with and without ADHD in Latin American samples is scarce. Objective. The aim of this study is to compare the comorbidity pattern, psychosocial, and executive functioning of adults with and without ADHD from a clinical sample. Method. One hundred and fifty-one patients between 20 and 45 years, with screened positively on ASRS-V1.1, were invited to continue an evaluation process as part of clinical research program (PROMETEO): 1) K-SADS-PL Mx interview, 2) MINI-Plus interview, ASRS-V1-1 18 item version, BRIEF self-reported questionnaire, SCQA-ADHD, and 3) Individual case review by clinical expert in ADHD. Results. Individuals in the ADHD group had a higher average of comorbid disorders (2.5 SD 1.1 vs. 1.3 SD 1.0 respectively, F = .439; t = -6.621; df = 149; p < .001), more likelihood of procrastinating (OR = 6.5; 95% CI[2.6, 16.2]; z = 4.0) and were more likely to present difficulties in both the behavior regulation index (OR = 104.9; 95% CI[31.8, 345.7]; z = 7.65) and the metacognitive index (OR = 94.79; 95% CI[29.10, 308.76]; z = 7.56) compared to the non-ADHD group, regardless of gender. Discussion and conclusions. Our results indicate that the ADHD adult group presented with more comorbidity, and worse psychosocial and executive functioning than non-ADHD adults.

Effects of quetiapine on executive functioning deficits in schizophrenia: short-term effect

2011 ◽  
Vol 130 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 293-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Mendoza Quiñones ◽  
Yuranny Cabral Calderin ◽  
Alexander Garcia ◽  
Antonio Caballero ◽  
Mayelín Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Executive Functioning Deficits

EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING DEFICITS IN SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER MAY PLAY A ROLE IN INTERPRETATION OF PROSODY

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Chandlee Dickey ◽  
Martina Voglmaier ◽  
Margaret Niznikiewicz ◽  
Larry Seidman ◽  
Martha Shenton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Schizotypal Personality Disorder ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Executive Functioning Deficits

The Relations Between Temperament, Character, and Executive Functions in Children With ADHD and Clinical Controls

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 764-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate Drechsler ◽  
Marina Zulauf Logoz ◽  
Susanne Walitza ◽  
Hans-Christoph Steinhausen
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Behavior Rating ◽  
Behavioral Regulation ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Adhd Children ◽  
Behavior Rating Inventory ◽  
Character Inventory

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the overlap between executive functions and temperament as measured by two questionnaires and to examine characteristic profiles in children with ADHD and clinical controls. Method: Parents of 111 clinically referred children, half of whom were diagnosed with ADHD and half with other or no diagnoses, completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and the Cloninger Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI). Results: Factor analysis of both instruments resulted in three common factors representing aspects of (1) cognitive regulation, (2) behavioral regulation, and (3) anxious/rigid tendencies. Factor (4) represented strengths and positive resources and loaded on JTCI scales only. Both instruments discriminated significantly between ADHD and non-ADHD children. Conduct disorder/oppositional defiant disorder (CD/ODD) but not ADHD accounted for problems in BRIEF Emotional Control and Self-Monitor and JTCI low Cooperativeness. Conclusion: The two instruments only partially overlap and may complement each other.

scholarly journals Executive functioning deficits in preschool children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita J. Fuglestad ◽  
Marisa L. Whitley ◽  
Stephanie M. Carlson ◽  
Christopher J. Boys ◽  
Judith K. Eckerle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Executive Functioning Deficits ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum

Are Parent- and Teacher-Reported Executive Function Difficulties Associated With Parenting Stress for Children Diagnosed With ADHD?

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan McLuckie ◽  
Ashley L. Landers ◽  
Melissa Rowbotham ◽  
Jeff Landine ◽  
Michael Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Daily Hassles ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
School Based ◽  
Behavior Rating Inventory ◽  
Specialized Care ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To examine the relationship between parenting stress and parent- and teacher-reported executive function difficulties (EFDs) for childhood ADHD. Method: A secondary analysis using linear regression was conducted on parent- and teacher-completed Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function and Parenting Stress Indexes for 5- to 12-year-olds ( n = 243) with ADHD. Results: The linear combination of teacher- and parent-reported EFDs accounted for 49% of the variance in child-related parenting stress. Teacher-reported school-based EFDs were relatively inconsequential, having accounted for only 3% of this variance. This stress is best explained by EFDs with emotional control in the school environment and parent-reported EFDs with emotional control, inhibit, monitor, and shift. Conclusion: Parent-reported EFDs, and less so school-based EFDs, are related to parenting stress, but only in regard to EFDs likely underpinning behavioral outbursts and those likely underpinning the daily hassles of providing specialized care to children with ADHD.

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