Negotiating Masculinity across Borders

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Cho Suh
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Return Migration ◽  
Hegemonic Masculinity ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Korean American ◽  
Return Migrants ◽  
A Site ◽  
Ethnic Return Migration ◽  
Over Time

Recent studies of ethnic return migration have explained why (economic, political, and affective) and where (Asia and Europe) this phenomenon has primarily occurred. Of the research available, however, few have examined the manner in which framings and practices of gender impact the experiences of those who participate in these transnational sojourns. This study fills this void by examining how Korean American male ethnic return migrants understand and negotiate their masculine identities, as they “return” to their ancestral homeland of South Korea. Utilizing data from in-depth qualitative interviews, this study finds that respondents initially configure South Korea as a site where they may redeem their marginalized masculine identities by taking advantage of the surplus human capital afforded to them by their American status. Over time, however, “returnees” come to realize the fluidity of masculinity and its ideals, exposing the tenuousness of their claims to hegemonic masculinity even in South Korea.

Conclusion

Homing ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Yeon O. Jo
Keyword(s):  
Return Migration ◽  
Transnational Migration ◽  
Return Migrants ◽  
Ethnic Return Migration ◽  
The Way

I call for rethinking ethnic return migration through the lens of transborder belongings. Based on analysis of the discursive processes that shape return migrants’ membership status and affective belonging in the domains of citizenship, kinship, and language, I reconceptualize the notions of border and belonging, and theorize the phenomenon of legacy migration. Along the way, I provide evidence of what legacy migrants do to create belonging in the liminal and interstitial spaces they encounter. Ultimately, I propose a more versatile framework for understanding ethnic return migration and its relationship with mobility and affect, which together reflect the multifaceted contexts of contemporary transnational migration.

Ethnic Return Migration Policies and Asian American Labor in Japan and Korea

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Yamashiro
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Return Migration ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Migration Policies ◽  
Ethnic Return Migration

Asian ethnic return migration policies are having an important impact on the lives of Asian Americans. By making it easier for later generation Asian Americans to work and invest in their ancestral homelands, these policies have affected the scale of Asian American migration and their economic, cultural, and social connections to Asia. However, ethnic return migration policies and their effects are not uniform across all Asian American groups. This paper analyzes how Asian Americans are being affected by ethnic return migration policies through comparative examination of the Immigration Control Act in Japan and the Overseas Korean Act in South Korea. The two policies in Japan and South Korea (hereafter Korea) are similar in their initial targeting of ethnic return migrants and in their privileging of skilled workers and investors in the 2000s to increase each country’s competitiveness in the global economy. However, while Korea’s policy has cast a net to include Korean Americans specifically, Japan’s ethnic return migration policy has not been aimed at Japanese Americans in the same way.

scholarly journals Determinants of the Return Migration of Household Heads from South Eastern Zimbabwe to South Africa During Prolonged Crisis, 2000-16

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Dick Ranga
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Return Migration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Return Migrants ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
International Migrants ◽  
Return Home ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
The Stability

The study assessed return migration by heads of households that migrated during the prolonged crisis, 2000-16. It collected data among 166 households from four districts in South Eastern Zimbabwe. Most of the male household heads had previously migrated, half of them to South Africa. Non-migrant heads were mainly females who remained behind when their husbands migrated to South Africa or urban areas. Both heads who returned from migrating to South Africa and locally to urban areas came back during 2011-15 with the desire to reunite with families. This period was associated with severe retrenchments by Zimbabwean companies that attempted to survive the shrinking economy. Yet it was also an attractive period to return home for international migrants because of the stability brought by the adoption of multiple currencies. Xenophobic attacks in South Africa in 2015 also ‘pushed’ some of the heads into returning home. International return migrants were significantly younger and had lower levels of education than internal and non-migrants. Three-tenths of them returned into households having traditional huts as their main houses which suggested that migration was unsuccessful for them. There is a need for restoration of stability soon after a crisis since this helps attract back human capital.

Home and the limits of belonging: Homophobia and return migration to Peru

Sexualities ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 916-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Cristina Alcalde
Keyword(s):  
Return Migration ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Return Migrants ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
A Site ◽  
The City ◽  
At Home

This article examines how in Peru LGB experiences of return migration expose multiple forms of exclusionary incorporation that mark the home—in terms of family, city, and nation—as a site of simultaneous safety and fear. I suggest that Peruvian return migrants who identify as lesbian, gay, and bisexual find themselves in the difficult and dangerous position of experiencing violence against them—homophobic practices, jokes, silencing, and discrimination—in order to be at home with their families, and in the city post-return. These forms of post-return violence exclude them even as they are otherwise seemingly incorporated back into their families and communities.

Nostalgic for the unfamiliar: Korean Americans’ ‘imagined affective connection’ to the ancestral homeland

Ethnicities ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 146879682098166
Author(s):  
Stephen Cho Suh
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Return Migration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Korean American ◽  
2Nd Generation ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Legal Discourses ◽  
Migration Narratives ◽  
Cultural Affinity

This article addresses and attempts to reconcile the epistemological divide in recent return migration scholarship (e.g. diasporic return vs. ancestral homeland migration). Relying on interviews conducted with 1.5/2nd-generation Korean American returnees’, this study finds that an orientation toward the Korean peninsula and an abstracted Korean-ness serves as one of the central motivations for their migration to South Korea. I argue that this orientation and cultural affinity toward the Korean peninsula is not proof of a diasporic ontology but rather of a discursive reality promulgated by popular and legal discourses both in South Korea and the United States. Within these discourses, culture and ethnicity are interpreted not as being socially constructed and located but as essential and natural. Whether or not these perspectives hold ontological merit is thus superfluous—the Korean American returnees’ interviewed believe them to be valid and articulate their salience within their own migration narratives. However, this article also finds that possessing an orientation toward a Korean ethnicity and peninsula does not preclude these individuals from eventually negotiating their migratory identities within and against an authentic’ Korean diasporic subjectivity. These findings showcase how Korean American returnees’ both adopt and challenge dominant discourses about ethnicity, nationality, and diaspora through their transnationalism.

scholarly journals Rough diamonds in emerging markets: legacy, competitiveness, and sustained high performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-386
Author(s):  
Seung Ho Park ◽  
Gerardo R. Ungson
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Institutional Voids ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Over Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to uncover the underlying drivers of sustained high performing companies based on a field study of 127 companies in Brazilian, Russian, Indian and Chinese (BRIC) and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) emerging markets. Understanding these companies provides a complementary way of appraising the growth, development and transformation of emerging markets. The authors synthesize the findings in an overarching framework that covers six strategies for building and sustaining legacy that leads to the succession of intergenerational wealth over time: overcoming institutional voids, inclusive markets, deepening localization, nurturing government support, building core competencies and harnessing human capital. The authors relate these strategies to different levels of development using Prahalad and Hart’s BOP framework. Design/methodology/approach This study examines the underlying drivers of sustained high-performance companies based on field studies from an initial set of 105,260 BRIC companies and close to 500 companies in ASEAN. The methods employed four screening tests to arrive at a selection of the highest-performing firms: 70 firms in the BRIC nations and 58 firms from ASEAN. Following the selection, the authors constructed cases using primary interviews and secondary data, with the assistance of Ernst & Young and with academic colleagues in Manila. These studies were originally conducted in two separate time periods and reported accordingly. This paper synthesizes the findings of these two studies to arrive at an extended integrative framework. Findings From the cases, the authors examine six strategies for building and sustaining legacy that lead to high performance over time: overcoming institutional voids, creating inclusive markets, deepening localization, nurturing government support, building core competencies and harnessing human capital. To address the evolving state of institutional voids in these countries, the authors employ similar methods to hypothesize the placement of these strategies in the context of the world economic pyramid, initially formulated as the “bottom of the pyramid” framework. Originality/value This paper synthesizes and extends the authors’ previous works by proposing the concept of legacy to describe the emergence and succession of local exemplary firms in emerging markets. This study aims to complement extant measures of nation-growth based primarily on GDP. The paper also extends the literature on institutional voids in shifting the focus from the mix of voids to their evolving state. Altogether, the paper provides a complementary narrative on assessing the market potential of emerging markets by adopting several categories of performance.

scholarly journals Toward an Anthropology of Landmines: Rogue Infrastructure and Military Waste in the Korean DMZ

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleana J. Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Unexploded Ordnance ◽  
Demilitarized Zone ◽  
Imperial Power ◽  
Over Time

Drawing on research in the borderlands of South Korea near the Korean Demilitarized Zone, this essay analyzes the heterogeneous life of landmines in postconflict militarized ecologies. Humanitarian narratives typically frame mines as deadly remnants of war, which aligns with postcolonial critiques viewing them as traces of imperial power and ongoing violence. Given that landmines and other unexploded ordnance can remain live for up to a hundred years, I suggest that mines and minefields become infrastructural when their distributed agency is redistributed over time, bringing into view nonhuman agencies and affordances that might otherwise go undetected in humanitarian or postcolonial critiques. I offer the framework of rogue infrastructure to capture the volatile materiality of mines and their multiple natural, cultural, technical, and political entanglements with the humans who exist alongside them.

Visibility and security in the smart home

2021 ◽  
pp. 135485652110300
Author(s):  
Justine Humphry ◽  
Chris Chesher
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
A Site ◽  
Over Time

Smart home, media and security systems intervene in the territory and boundaries of the home in a variety of ways. Among these are the capacity to watch the home from afar, and to record these observations over time, as well as using the home as a site of performance for those on the outside. In this paper, we map the meanings of the smart home and explore the tensions between security and visibility, adopting a cultural history and cultural analysis methodological approach. We make a contribution to the literature on the smart home, highlighting its connection to longer trajectories of media and cultural change, and to understanding the contemporary formations of technologised surveillance, with attention to practices that emerged in response to COVID-19. We focus on two aspects of our model of domestic smartification: Ludics (devices and systems for play or entertainment) and exteriorities (security and communication interfaces that remotely monitor and expose the home). We focus on these aspects relating them to ideas of haunting and the uncanny to explore the implications of making what was previously hidden visible and manipulable to others.

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