scholarly journals Tailored Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: Surgical, Molecular, and Genetic Considerations

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117955491769076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Magne Augestad ◽  
Marianne A Merok ◽  
Dejan Ignatovic
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Postoperative Phase ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
Tailored Treatment ◽  
Surgical Complexity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Rectal Anatomy

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex cancer disease, and approximately 40% of the surgically cured patients will experience cancer recurrence within 5 years. During recent years, research has shown that CRC treatment should be tailored to the individual patient due to the wide variety of risk factors, genetic factors, and surgical complexity. In this review, we provide an overview of the considerations that are needed to provide an individualized, patient-tailored treatment. We emphasize the need to assess the predictors of CRC, and we summarize the latest research on CRC genetics and immunotherapy. Finally, we provide a summary of the significant variations in the colon and rectal anatomy that is important to consider in an individualized surgical approach. For the individual patient with CRC, a tailored treatment approach is needed in the preoperative, operative, and postoperative phase.

scholarly journals Centralization of liver cancer surgery and impact on multidisciplinary teams working on stage IV colorectal cancer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elroy Patrick Weledji
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Liver Metastases ◽  
Multimodal Therapy ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Stage Iv Colorectal Cancer ◽  
The Individual

Surgical resection is the most effective treatment approach for colorectal liver metastases but only a minority of patients is suitable for upfront surgery. The treatment strategies of stage IV colorectal cancer have shifted towards a continuum of care in which medical and surgical treatment combinations are tailored to the clinical setting of the individual patient. The optimization of treatment through appropriate decision-making and multimodal therapy for stage IV colorectal cancer require a joint multidisciplinary meeting in a centralized liver cancer unit.

scholarly journals Combined Treatment of 5-Fluorouracil and Delta-Tocotrienol Induce of Apoptosis and Autophagy in Colorectal Cancer Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 203s-203s ◽  
Author(s):  
S.Y. Tham ◽  
C.W. Mai ◽  
J.Y. Fu ◽  
H.-S. Loh
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
High Dose ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells ◽  
The Individual

Background: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been a first choice chemotherapeutic drug used to treat colorectal cancer. However, its therapeutic outcome often be limited by high-dose toxicities and drug resistance development. Hence, the current research advocates combined application of delta-tocotrienol (δ-T3), as a natural chemosensitizer, with 5-FU as a novel treatment approach for colorectal cancer. Aim: To investigate the combinatorial anticancer effects of δ-T3 and 5-FU on colorectal cancer cell lines. Methods: Cell viability assay was performed to investigate the individual and combined effects of δ-T3 (0.1-100 µM) and 5-FU (0.1-100 µM) on HCT116, HCC2998, Caco-2 and SW48 colorectal cancer cells at 72 h. Subsequently, the synergistic combination were evaluated for the effects on clonogenicity, apoptosis and autophagy. Morphologic assessment was conducted by bright-field and fluorescence microscopy. The protein expression profiles of programmed cell death and survival markers were determined by Western blotting. Results: Combined treatment of subeffective dose of δ-T3 significantly lowered the IC50 of 5-FU in Caco-2 and SW48 colorectal adenocarcinomas for 16-fold and fourfold respectively, signifying a chemosensitising effect. Clonogenic survival assay showed that the combined treatment profoundly hampered the cell survival as compared with the individual single treatments. Apoptosis was induced by the combined treatment as confirmed by flow cytometry. Interestingly, both apoptotic and autophagic morphologies were observed, including nuclear condensation, cell shrinkage, cytoplasmic vacuolation and extension. The presence of autophagy was further confirmed by increase LC3A/B ratio and high volume of acidic vesicular organelles. The combined treatment were found to upregulate prodeath proteins such as Bax, caspase-8, caspase-3, PARP and downregulate prosurvival proteins such as cIAP, XIAP and survivin. Conclusion: The enhanced cell death induced by 5-FU and δ-T3 combined treatment involved both apoptosis and autophagy, suggesting a novel and effective treatment approach for colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals The association between the adapted dietary inflammatory index and colorectal cancer recurrence and all-cause mortality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evertine Wesselink ◽  
Laura E. Staritsky ◽  
Moniek van Zutphen ◽  
Anne J.M.R. Geijsen ◽  
Dieuwertje E. Kok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Recurrence

Prognostic Impact of Sarcopenia in Colorectal Cancer Recurrence

Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 111362
Author(s):  
Koichi Takiguchi ◽  
Shinji Furuya ◽  
Makoto Sudo ◽  
Ryo Saito ◽  
Atsushi Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Recurrence

scholarly journals Inter and intraspecies comparison of the level of selected bacterial phyla in in cattle and sheep based on feces

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Szeligowska ◽  
Paulina Cholewińska ◽  
Katarzyna Czyż ◽  
Konrad Wojnarowski ◽  
Marzena Janczak
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
As Species ◽  
Individual Host ◽  
Host Effect ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background The microbiome of the digestive tract of ruminants contains microbial ecosystem that is affected by both environmental and genetic factors. The subject of this study concerns the influence of selected genetic factors, such as species of animals and “host” individual differences on the digestive tract microbiome composition. The results show the core microbiological composition (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes) of ruminants digestive tract (based on feces) depending on breed and “host”. The Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla are the most abundant in ruminants digestive tract. The aim of the study was to determine the differences prevalence level of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla in feces of Charolaise cattle and Polish Olkuska Sheep with respect to intra- and inter-species variability. Results The research group in the experiment consisted of animals at the age of 3 months kept in the same environmental conditions – rams of Polish Olkuska Sheep (n = 10) and Charolaise bulls (n = 10). Feces were collected individually from each animal (animals without disease symptoms were selected), living on the same environmental conditions. The analysis of the results in terms of species showed differences in the Firmicutes phylum level and Lactobacillaceae family between rams and bulls. Subsequently, the analysis performed for the “host effect” showed differentiation in the levels of the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla between individuals in a group and also between the groups. Conclusion The obtained results suggest that, apart from the diet and the environment, the species and the individual host are equally important factors influencing the microbiological composition of the digestive system of ruminants.

Local colorectal cancer recurrence: pelvic MRI evaluation

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Colosio ◽  
P. Fornès ◽  
P. Soyer ◽  
M. Lewin ◽  
M. Loock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Pelvic Mri ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Mri Evaluation

scholarly journals CA 72-4 Compared with Cea and CA 19-9 as a Marker of Some Gastrointestinal Malignancies

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Lopez ◽  
G.P Royan ◽  
M.N. Lakhwani ◽  
M. Mahadaven ◽  
J. Timor
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancies ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Esophageal Carcinomas

The objective of this study was to compare CA 72-4 with CEA and CA 19-9 in gastrointestinal malignancies. CA 72-4 was assayed by radioimmunoassay and CEA and CA 19-9 with the Abbott IMx analyser. The study included 52 patients with gastrointestinal cancer and 20 controls with benign gastrointestinal diseases. The 52 cases showed marker sensitivities of 39%, 49% and 35% for CA 72-4, CEA and CA 19-9, respectively, and 64% when the markers were combined. Marker expression in serum was highest in colorectal carcinoma followed by gastric and esophageal carcinoma. The sensitivities of the individual markers in colorectal, gastric and esophageal carcinomas, respectively, were: CA 72-4, 56%, 32% and 18%; CEA, 83%, 33% and 18%; CA 19-9, 53%, 25% and 18%. The sensitivity of the three markers in combination was 89%, 50% and 46% in colorectal, gastric and esophageal cancer, respectively. The specificity of CA72-4, CEA and CA 19-9 was 100%, 72% and 86%, respectively. However, CA 72-4 is not a useful a marker for gastrointestinal cancers because of its poor sensitivity. CEA, which had the best overall sensitivity and a reasonable specificity, was the most useful single marker, especially for colorectal cancer. Whereas the single markers were not useful in gastric and esophageal cancer, the combination of the three may be.

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