scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review of the Career Choice of Helping Professionals Who Have Experienced Cumulative Harm as a Result of Adverse Childhood Experiences

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110160
Author(s):  
India Bryce ◽  
David Pye ◽  
Gavin Beccaria ◽  
Peter McIlveen ◽  
Jan Du Preez
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Helping Professionals ◽  
Helping Professions ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

The pervasive effects of cumulative harm resulting from adverse childhood experiences influence all aspects of an individual’s life course. Research highlights a relationship between early trauma and career choice; however, there is a dearth of research pertaining specifically to cumulative harm and the influence on career choice in the helping professions. A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the associations of cumulative harm and childhood trauma on career decision making in people in the helping professions. A search was conducted across databases between February 1990 and February 2019 relevant to searches combining three areas of interest: (a) “childhood trauma,” (b) “career choice,” and (c) “helping professionals.” Database searches and further manual searches yielded a total of 208 articles, and 28 studies satisfied all inclusion criteria. Only studies that were peer-reviewed and published between February 1990 and February 2019 were included. The evidence from the review indicated that family of origin dysfunction, parentification, individual characteristics, and traits developed through adversity, and experiential motivations were associated with the career choice in the helping professions. Further research is required to explore different professional cohorts and the utility of life themes as both a source of data for research and reflexive practice in helping professionals.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences in Payatas, an Urban Poor Community in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Yanro Judd C. Ferrer ◽  
Roy Moore
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Teen Pregnancy ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Adverse Childhood

This paper aimed to determine the prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in Payatas, an urban poor community in Quezon City, Philippines. In total, 260 people were surveyed in two areas of Payatas. The results of these surveys were then compared with existing ACE Surveys in other communities. Results found that ACEs were reported at significantly higher levels than in existing surveys, which were typically made of Middle-Class populations. The discrepancy grew at higher ACE Scores. Moderate childhood trauma, ACE Scores of 4 or more, was reported as two to five times more common in our Payatas populations than in the existing survey populations. Severe childhood trauma Scores are less available; however, these trends appear to grow at higher ACE Scores. These results suggest that ACEs are far more common in urban poor communities. That ACE Scores are higher in poorer communities is not a surprising finding. However, the scale of the problem is highly significant. As ACEs are a major root cause of many social problems, including, but not limited to, addiction, teen pregnancy, domestic violence, depression, attempted suicide, and drug abuse, it does indicate a strong area for effective support. The potential for improving the well-being, quality of life, and life expectancy through this framework is large, provided appropriate investment is made in these communities.  

scholarly journals The adverse childhood experiences questionnaire: Two decades of research on childhood trauma as a primary cause of adult mental illness, addiction, and medical diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1581447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily M. Zarse ◽  
Mallory R. Neff ◽  
Rachel Yoder ◽  
Leslie Hulvershorn ◽  
Joanna E. Chambers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

scholarly journals Serving-Up the ACE: Understanding Adverse Childhood Experiences (“ACE”) in Dependency Adoption Through the Lens of Social Science

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Hawkins ◽  
Taylor Scribner
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Court System ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Foster Care Adoption

Almost certainly, every child who enters the foster care system has endured some sort of trauma. It is unrefuted that childhood trauma correlates with mental, physical, and behavioral problems well into adulthood. In 1998, one of the first major studies of the relationship between certain forms of childhood trauma and adult behavior and disease was reported. Collectively, these traumas are called “Adverse Childhood Experiences” (ACE). Today ACE refers to ten common forms of trauma that individuals may have experienced as children. To put this issue in perspective, it is currently estimated that 34.8 million children in the United States are affected by ACE, two out of three adults have one or more ACE, and one out of eight adults have four or more ACE. Since the original study, several studies have been published linking ACE to detrimental lifelong effects relating to mental health, chronic health, and behavior patterns. Despite this, the consideration of ACE in family law and child welfare-related cases is a relatively new concept in courts across the country. This Article summarizes the research on ACE and how this research has become integrated into the courtroom, using the Florida court system as an example. In addition, in a novel approach, this article will articulate how ACE research and findings can be utilized in foster care adoption.

scholarly journals The arrival of the ACEs movement in Scotland: Policy entrepreneurship and critical activist responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-474
Author(s):  
Gary M. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Policy Entrepreneurs ◽  
Policy Entrepreneurship ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Adverse Childhood

This paper combines conceptual and documentary analysis to critique the recent introduction of ACEs (Adverse Childhood Experiences) in Scottish social policy, highlighting the role of the ACE-Aware Nation ‘movement’ and its positioning of the ACEs model through its campaigning activities. Consideration is given to the role of a sophisticated network of policy entrepreneurs and the commercial and political interests at play. Reflection is offered on the critical activist responses to this campaign that seek to highlight the socio-economic and political underpinnings of childhood trauma, which are largely absent in the ACEs model. The argument is that these policy developments amount to a recent turn to the ACEs model as a simplistic solution to complex social problems – a solution that is shown to be ultimately flawed in several respects. This analysis reveals the contradictions, conflicts and confusion that have emerged within the ACEs discourse, caused in the main by heuristic thinking and the conceptual inadequacies, misuses and misunderstandings of the ACEs model. The paper concludes that policy makers and practitioners should exercise caution in their appraisal of the ACEs model and the associated movement in Scotland.

scholarly journals Adverse childhood experiences and adult diet quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney R. Aquilina ◽  
Martha J. Shrubsole ◽  
Julia Butt ◽  
Maureen Sanderson ◽  
David G. Schlundt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Adult Diet

Abstract Childhood trauma is strongly associated with poor health outcomes. Although many studies have found associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), a well-established indicator of childhood trauma and diet-related health outcomes, few have explored the relationship between ACEs and diet quality, despite growing literature in epidemiology and neurobiology suggesting that childhood trauma has an important but poorly understood relationship with diet. Thus, we performed a cross-sectional study of the association of ACEs and adult diet quality in the Southern Community Cohort Study, a largely low-income and racially diverse population in the southeastern United States. We used ordinal logistic regression to estimate the association of ACEs with the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-10) score among 30 854 adults aged 40–79 enrolled from 2002 to 2009. Having experienced any ACE was associated with higher odds of worse HEI-10 among all (odds ratio (OR) 1⋅22; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1⋅17, 1⋅27), and for all race–sex groups, and remained significant after adjustment for adult income. The increasing number of ACEs was also associated with increasing odds of a worse HEI-10 (OR for 4+ ACEs: 1⋅34; 95 % CI 1⋅27, 1⋅42). The association with worse HEI-10 score was especially strong for ACEs in the household dysfunction category, including having a family member in prison (OR 1⋅34; 95 % CI 1⋅25, 1⋅42) and parents divorced (OR 1⋅25; 95 % CI 1⋅20, 1⋅31). In summary, ACEs are associated with poor adult diet quality, independent of race, sex and adult income. Research is needed to explore whether trauma intervention strategies can impact adult diet quality.

scholarly journals Adverse Childhood Experiences and Immune System Inflammation in Adults Residing on the Blackfeet Reservation: The Moderating Role of Sense of Belonging to the Community

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha A John-Henderson ◽  
Betty Henderson-Matthews ◽  
Scott R Ollinger ◽  
Jerry Racine ◽  
Megan R Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Blackfeet Reservation

Abstract Background Previous research documents an association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and immune system inflammation. High chronic inflammation is believed to be one biological pathway through which childhood adversity may affect health into adulthood. The Blackfeet tribal community has high rates of childhood trauma and community members are disproportionately affected by inflammatory diseases. Purpose To investigate whether belonging to the tribal community may moderate the relationship between childhood trauma and immune system inflammation in the Blackfeet tribal community. Methods In a sample of 90 adults residing on the Blackfeet reservation, we measured ACEs belonging to the tribal community and two markers of immune system inflammation, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Results We found that independent of age, gender, annual income, body mass index, and depressive symptoms, belonging to the tribal community and ACEs interacted to predict levels of both IL-6 and CRP (B= −.37, t[81] = −3.82, p < .001, R2 change = .07 and B = −.29, t[81] = −2.75, p = .01, R2 change = .08, respectively). The association between ACEs and markers of immune system inflammation was statistically significant for community members who reported low levels of belonging to the community. Conclusions The findings of this study have important implications for intervention research seeking to reduce risk for inflammatory diseases for at-risk populations. Fostering stronger connections to the larger tribal community may positively affect risk for inflammatory diseases. Future work should examine the behavioral and psychosocial pathways through which stronger connections to community may confer health benefits.

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