Anthropometry as a Variable in Human Factors Engineering

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
Robert M. White
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Human Engineering ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Body Dimensions

In the efficient human engineering of man/equipment systems, information on the range of variability in human body size and proportions is of basic importance. Such information is to be found in anthropometric data. The anthropometric data to be utilized, however, should be that on the population for which the equipment is intended. Anthropometric data on four representative body dimensions are presented and discussed to illustrate the range of variability to be found in diverse populations.

Human Factors Engineering Simulation Methodology

1986 ◽  
Vol 30 (13) ◽  
pp. 1306-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett A. Storey
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Human Engineering ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
Test And Evaluation ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Simulation Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Techniques ◽  
Intended Use

This report describes a methodology of simulation research which is designed to accomplish requirements of a human factors engineering simulation, plan. This approach, accompanied by detailed test plans and schedules will fulfill the data item DI-H-7052 (Human Engineering Dynamic Simulation Plan) for intended use of dynamic simulation techniques in support of human engineering analysis, design support and test and evaluation. This methodology will cover the need for dynamic simulation, evaluation techniques, procedures and guidelines, and the behavioral, subjective and physiological methods recommended for use in human engineering evaluations.

Paths of Movement of Body Members in Aircraft Cockpits

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-286
Author(s):  
S. Deivanayagam ◽  
M. M. Ayoub ◽  
Kenneth W. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Motion Picture ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Engineering ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Slow Speed ◽  
Motion Trajectories ◽  
Motion Characteristics

This paper describes an effort to study the simultaneous motion trajectories of a large number of human body landmarks of a pilot during upper limb motions typical of those necessary to fly an aircraft. The objective is to gather engineering anthropometric data necessary, from a human engineering point of view, in the design of aircraft cockpits and other similar manned work stations. Twenty subjects participated in an experiment conducted to record the movements. A photographic procedure combining slow speed motion picture and interrupted light photography was employed to record the movements. This paper describes the procedure and also presents a set of typical paths of movement obtained through such recording. Also mentioned are some of the preliminary findings regarding the motion characteristics of parts of the human body.

Study on Forklift Cockpit Design Based on Ergonomics

2013 ◽  
Vol 753-755 ◽  
pp. 1361-1364
Author(s):  
Niu Liu ◽  
Hong Sun ◽  
Wei Guo Zhu ◽  
Yu Ping Ma ◽  
Xue Gong
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
Space Layout ◽  
Cockpit Design ◽  
Size Data

With the application of ergonomics in product design increasingly widely, humanization design of products has become a new revolution in the field of design. Based on the study of ergonomics, taking the forklift as an example, combined with the human body size data, operating characteristics and other factors, this paper analyzes the forklift cockpit human factors, such as the overall space layout, the human-machine interface design and the manipulation device arrangement, and proposes the concept of people-oriented forklift cockpit design. The research has taken an important step in this area of the modified forklift cockpit.

Human Factors Considerations in the Design and Evaluation of Bathroom Fixtures for the Handicapped

1977 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 542-544
Author(s):  
William H. Muto
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Body Dimensions ◽  
Building Standards

The bathroom is an area of critical importance in the design of housing for the handicapped. For a number of reasons, building standards for the handicapped have fallen short of specifying optimal bathrooms for their intended users. The principal obstacle to better bathrooms for the handicapped appears to be the paucity of human factors data (particularly anthropometric data on body dimensions and muscular capability) of various handicapped populations. There also appears to be a need for objective techniques for testing bathroom fixture designs.

scholarly journals The Human Touch

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (09) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
James G. Skakoon ◽  
Michael Wiklund
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Common Error ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
Applied Forces ◽  
Human Touch

This article discusses the significance of human touch in mechanical design. Designers need to be familiar with basic ergonomic standards and guidelines for their industries. In the mechanical area, these include anthropometric data describing the range of human size, shape, strength, and reach. Understanding and explicitly managing user-applied forces, reaction forces, and the resulting motion constitute a large part of human factors engineering (HFE) in mechanical design. An important early step in mechanical HFE is to select the preferred grip or grips. Making invalid assumptions about how users will grip a product is a common error among designers. Human factors engineering may not yield a perfect solution, but by understanding and applying basic principles of human factors engineering throughout a project, designers can spare design iterations and establish a firm human factors foundation for their products.

“Words, Words, Words”

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alphonse Chapanis
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Human Engineering ◽  
Engineering Changes ◽  
Machine Systems

The aim of this paper is to call to attention a very large and important area of human factors engineering that is almost entirely neglected. This area consists of the language and the words that are attached to the tools, machines, systems, and operations with which human factors engineers are concerned. Examples, illustrations, and data are cited to show that changes in the words used in man-machine systems may produce greater improvements in performance than human engineering changes in the machine itself. Arguments are made that this province—the language and words of machines—is properly the concern of the human factors engineer, and not of the grammarian, linguist, or the communication theorist. The paper concludes with an outline of some of the kinds of work that needs to be done to fill these important gaps in our knowledge and technology.

Design of Multi-Function Fashion Chair Based on Human Factors Engineering

2016 ◽  
Vol 851 ◽  
pp. 884-887
Author(s):  
Xing Yu Li ◽  
Li Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Economic Reform ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Human Engineering ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Starting Point

Based on the current status of the development of the chair on the market, taking human engineering research as the starting point of design, existing defects and problems of existing chairs as a starting point, so as to design a multifunctional fashion chair. It not only has the function of chairs, but also increases the function of modern subsidiary, make it better and more convenient to be used by modern people. So which not only improves the comfort of the chair and more humane. Chinese Economic Reform, china's national economy has been developing fast, people's living standard has been gradually improved. Now people are longing for a better life, this is also evident in the choice of daily furniture and requirements. In this paper, the existing problems in the use of chairs are investigated and analyzed. We redesign chairs with the concept of practicability and functionality, research the structure of the chair to expand the function of chairs. When it is placed in the home or office, it will has lots of application and is easy to be used.

The Anthropometry of United States Army Men and Women: 1946–1977

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT M. WHITE
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Body Size ◽  
United States Army ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Site ◽  
Human Engineering ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Army Personnel

A large amount of information on the body size of United States Army personnel, both men and women, has been collected during several anthropometric surveys carried out between 1946 and 1977. Changes in the body site of Army men between 1946 and 1966 and of Army women between 1946 and 1977 may be examined in an analysis of these anthropometric data. The data also may be utilized to define the contrasts in body size between Army men and women for application in the design and sizing of clothing and in the human engineering of equipment and materiel intended for use by both Army men and women.

Shipboard Evaluation of Motion Sickness Incidence and Human Engineering Problems

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
A C Bittner ◽  
J.C. Guignard
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Human Engineering ◽  
Enlisted Personnel ◽  
Related Data ◽  
General Utility ◽  
Carry Over

Seakeeping trials of a United States Coast Guard (USCG) cutter in March 1984 included a human factors engineering (HFE) evaluation having particular regard to problems of seasickness in certain work stations. Some motion sickness incidence and related data, and the derivation of human factors engineering principles from such data were reported by Bittner & Guignard in 1985: and some findings supporting the general utility of using magnitude estimation of motion sickness for operational comparisons were presented later (Bittner & Guignard, 1986). The present communication documents the previously unreported seasickness and related data from those trials; and the implications of the data for the planning of future seakeeping trials. It also reviews the general conclusions of the shipboard HFE evaluations. The subjects were 16 male USCG officers and enlisted personnel assigned to duties in mission-critical workspaces, to whom two questionnaires were administered systematically: namely, Motion Sickness Symptoms and Prewatch Status. The latter instrument evaluated intervening variables including sleep and use of medication. Analyses including correlation of questionnaire and ship motion data led to the following conclusions: (1) Contrary to traditional assumptions, seasickness is characterized by at least two functionally independent factors, identified as F1 (symptomatic General Motion Illness) and F2 (Retching-Vomiting). (2) Both factors showed declines across days as well as similar carry-over and location effects within days. However, F1 reflected persistent individual differences and was strongly associated with the vertical component of the ship's motion; while F2 was transitory and associated with large transverse relative to vertical components of motion. (3) The results support previously published human factors engineering principles for minimizing seasickness incidence (Bittner & Guignard, 1985) (4) Validity of future sea trials requires (a) multiple-score scaling of motion sickness (eg, using F1 and F2); (b) control of subject crew movements about the ship during periods of observation; and (c) avoidance of steaming patterns that induce extraneous carry-over effects.

Physical Anthropology in Human Factors Engineering

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
John McConville
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Physical Anthropology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Factors Engineering

Anthropometry is the branch of physical anthropology dealing specifically with the measurement of the human body to determine variations between groups and between individuals within groups. Anthropometrics include the measurement of static dimensions of the body and its parts taken in standard positions, and dynamic or "functional" measurements taken in working positions or during movements associated with certain tasks.

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