Sustainability improvement in complex systems composed of products and services

Purpose A wide number of research efforts have been carried out over the last decades to assess and improve system sustainability. Different methods and tools are increasingly implemented in product systems; nevertheless its application to services and other systems, in which products and services are combined, is rather limited. In this work, an approach to improve the sustainability of systems composed of products and services (P + S systems) is proposed and implemented in two case studies. Methods The sustainability improvement of P + S systems is addressed integrating different methods and approaches. The flows between system approach is used to identify links between all systems involved. The life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) method is applied to simultaneously evaluate environmental, economic and social aspects of sustainability with a life cycle perspective. In addition, sustainable design principles are taken into account to propose effective improvement strategies. The systematic development of four phases is required to carry out the integration of these approaches: (i) identification of links between involved systems; (ii) sustainability assessment of the P + S system; (iii) application of sustainability strategies; and (iv) sustainability results comparison. Results and discussion Two different P + S systems are analysed. First, sustainability improvements in the service provided by a clothing boutique are proposed, taking into account that the store where the service is developed and the clothes acquired by the service provider are product systems involved in the service operation. Next, the sustainability of an itinerary exhibition is investigated. Products required for the exhibition space layout as well as the service used to transport all materials between different locations are taken into account. In each case, sustainability indicators obtained in both initial and alternative systems are compared, and variations detected due to strategies applied are analysed. Conclusions Sustainability of P + S systems is evaluated using a set of quantitative indicators, the relative incidence of each system is determined and more sustainable alternatives are projected. Thus, this research supposes an advance towards the sustainable design of complex systems composed of products and services, since effects due to the interconnection between systems are studied and criteria to carry out sustainability-oriented decision making are provided.

ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING CONDITION ON PARKING BUILDING AT SULTAN HASANUDDIN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

<p>The existing parking area at Sultan Hasanuddin Airport Makassar has 675 four-wheel parking areas, which cannot accommodate about 10 million passengers in 2013 and every year there is an increase. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of parking, especially the handling of four-wheeled vehicles in the parking building from entry, dropout, pickup, maneuver, clearance, vehicle rotation and parking slots to exiting the building. Analyze the parking area related to the level of safety and ease of use of parking buildings, especially on the semi-basement floor at Sultan Hasanuddin Airport. The method used for this research is a qualitative method, namely research that is descriptive and tends to use analysis from the data that has been collected and direct observation on the existing parking building at Sultan Hasanuddin Airport Makassar. The data collection process was carried out in two stages, namely the preliminary survey and the main survey. The results of research and observations of the existing parking building at Sultan Hasanuddin Airport, especially on the basement floor, show that the construction of a parking building that was built in terms of size, height clearance, slope, parking space layout, facilities are in accordance with the minimum standard of parking buildings, but there are some works such as sidewalks. and a stopper whose placement reduces the parking area and vehicle circulation.</p>

Inside a Microapartment: Design Solutions to Support Future Sustainable Lifestyles

The purpose of this study wass to assess the interior design solutions of residential microflats built in large European cities in countries from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). A sample consisting of thirty representative microflats with a floor area below 35 m2 was selected for the study. The flats were intended for either permanent or temporary occupancy and were built over the past fifteen years. The research field covered several large European cities, where demand for such units is high. Comparative analyses of different microflat interior design models were performed. The objective of the study was to determine which contemporary microflat interior design solutions (such as space layout, furniture layout, and design, color, and material design) are optimal and the most commonly used. Sets of design solutions applied in microflats were collected and documented. The study used a range of research methods, including a review of the literature, websites, field research, and comparative analysis. The set of presented interior design solutions and the conclusions drawn from the analyses can be useful to architects and interior designers who design microflats and residential units with greater floor areas, or flats where effective use of floor area is crucial (e.g., student housing). It is also worth mentioning that the existing literature on microflats focuses primarily on the United States and Australia and not Europe, and discusses the economics and ecology of inhabiting microflats.

A General Framework for Visualization of Sound Collections in Musical Interfaces

While audio data play an increasingly central role in computer-based music production, interaction with large sound collections in most available music creation and production environments is very often still limited to scrolling long lists of file names. This paper describes a general framework for devising interactive applications based on the content-based visualization of sound collections. The proposed framework allows for a modular combination of different techniques for sound segmentation, analysis, and dimensionality reduction, using the reduced feature space for interactive applications. We analyze several prototypes presented in the literature and describe their limitations. We propose a more general framework that can be used flexibly to devise music creation interfaces. The proposed approach includes several novel contributions with respect to previously used pipelines, such as using unsupervised feature learning, content-based sound icons, and control of the output space layout. We present an implementation of the framework using the SuperCollider computer music language, and three example prototypes demonstrating its use for data-driven music interfaces. Our results demonstrate the potential of unsupervised machine learning and visualization for creative applications in computer music.

SOME ASPECTS OF THE NEED FOR RENOVATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL PLANNING STRUCTURE OF SCHOOLS

The article considers the architectural problems of modern secondary education from the point of view of changes in the requirements of both the functional planning structure of the school and the educational process, in accordance with the reform of the Ministry of Education and Science - “New Ukrainian School”. It is noted that in Ukraine, most schools were built during the Soviet era and, accordingly, they do not meet modern requirements and are in need of renovation. Various periods of the formation and design of schools during the Soviet Union, from 1926 to 1956, are examined. The role of school is defined as a place where a person begins to form as an individual, and starts to realize their role in life. The influence of the architecture of the school building on the character and worldview of the child is considered. Such modern design trends of schools abroad as “open space”, “aspect of mobility”, and environmental friendliness are elaborated upon. The formation of a free school space layout allows the child to feel free and comfortable, and also makes it possible not to “hold down” thoughts in the process of understanding oneself and the world around them, establishing a more creative atmosphere. Another important aspect of the formation of modern schools in the world is mobility. In schools with a mobile interior, the child and the teacher can change the space for themselves - move everything and rearrange it as they need. The items do not have a fixed place, it is decided as necessary. One of the current trends in the architecture and design of modern schools is the inextricable link with the natural environment, the active interaction of the building and natural elements, their inclusion in school architecture and indirectly in the educational process. This direction is implemented using the technologies of "green building", that allow to create a sustainable architectural environment for school buildings and complexes, which preserves and improves the environment. Some examples in modern world architecture are analyzed, illustrating approaches to the design and renovation of schools.

Spatiotemporal Evolution Patterns of “Production-Living-Ecological” Spaces and the Coordination Level and Optimization of the Functions in Jilin Province

The coordinated development of the territorial spatial pattern and its function is an important prerequisite for the realization of regional high-quality development. This paper aims to reveal the evolutionary characteristics of the spatial–temporal pattern and the coupling coordination level of the “production-living-ecological” spaces (PLES) in Jilin Province from 1998 to 2018 by using the entropy method, a coupling coordination model and spatial analysis methods, and proposes the optimization paths for the four regions of the province. The results indicate that the scale of the ecological space was the largest, mainly concentrated in the eastern region. The production space was mainly concentrated in the central and western regions, and the scale of the living space was the smallest, but increased slightly, mainly concentrated in the central regions. The PLE functions in every county and city are at the coupling coordination levels of mild and moderate imbalance. Eastern Jilin should take the ecological function as the lead, and should improve the production and living functions; Central Jilin should maintain the production and living functions and improve the ecological function; Western Jilin should strengthen ecological restoration and accelerate the transformation and development of the green production function. This study can provide references for the optimization of the provincial territorial space layout in order to improve the regional territorial space coordination and sustainable development.

Space Layout Method for Carton Conveying System Based on SOSG Matrix

The traditional cigarette conveying system of cigarette industry adopts a one-to-one hard connection method, which has problems such as poor spatial scalability and high equipment coupling. A spatial layout method for carton conveying system based on the SOSG (Solid Orthogonal Structure Graph) matrix is proposed. Through this method, a matrix cigarette conveying system is constructed. Compared with the traditional mode, its space utilization rate is increased by 67%, equipment coupling is reduced, and the downtime rate of carton conveying line due to the shutdown of sealing machine can be reduced from 100% to 0%.

THE RELATION OF MAJAPAHIT TEMPLES WITH VASUSASTRA-MANASARA

Abstract- Vastusastra is a text which discusses Indian architecture which is published in several books, included Manasara. Vastusastra contains guidline for building Indian construction, including religious building such as temples. Although the narrative was made for the construction of temples in India, it turns out that there are some elements in vastu that also found in Mataram Kuno temples. This raises questions about the relationship of Indian architecture with Majapahit, which was the era after Ancient Mataram, given the Hindu-Buddhist influence still existed in the Majapahit era. To find out this, vastusastra-Manasara was used as a benchmark to find out the elements of the Majapahit temple which was influenced by India, especially South India which was thought to have a more dominant influence than North India on temple architecture in Indonesia. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach by describing the figure and mass-space layout of Majapahit temples that have been selected as the object of research and compared with vastusastra-Manasara's narrative using reference objects to facilitate analysis in order to find out the relations of the Majapahit era temples with vastusastra-Manasara narrative. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the temples of the Majapahit era still have relations with vastusastra-Manasara narrative when viewed in terms of figure and mass-space layout. But the relationship between the two can be said to be increasingly decreased. The re-domination of the original culture of Indonesian society in the Majapahit era and the influence of other cultures such as China is thought to be the cause of the waning influence of India on the architecture of the Majapahit temple. This led to the fusion of culture in the Majapahit temple and resulted in variations of new temples that had never existed before. Key Words: candi, majapahit, temple, vastusatra, manasara, relation

Address Space Layout Randomization Comparative Analysis on Windows 10 and Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

Memory management is one of the main tasks of an Operating System, where the data of each process running in the system is kept. In this context, there exist several types of attacks that exploit memory-related vulnerabilities, forcing Operating Systems to feature memory protection techniques that make difficult to exploit them. One of these techniques is ASLR, whose function is to introduce randomness into the virtual address space of a process. The goal of this work was to measure, analyze and compare the behavior of ASLR on the 64-bit versions of Windows 10 and Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. The results have shown that the implementation of ASLR has improved significantly on these two Operating Systems compared to previous versions. However, there are aspects, such as partial correlations or a frequency distribution that is not always uniform, so it can still be improved.

Public Space Layout Optimization in Affordable Housing Based on Social Network Analysis

The efficient use of public space in affordable housing is of great significance to the physical and mental health of low-income and aging residents. Previous studies have evaluated the layout and quality of public space in residential areas based on residents’ subjective satisfaction, however, there still lack studies exploring residents’ behavior patterns and the use of public spaces based on objective measurement standards. Therefore, this paper selected the public space in the large affordable housing areas in the suburbs as the research object and used social network analysis (SNA) to objectively evaluate the network density, clustering coefficient and small-world value of the public space in affordable housing from the perspective of the physical spatial network of the built public space. Based on the network structure characteristics of existing public spaces, this paper further explores the relationship between the frequency of public space use in and the characteristics of nodes’ social networks and their own attributes, and the influence of public space layout structure on the behavioral patterns of affordable housing residents. This paper puts forward proposals for the renovation and optimization of public space according to the behavioral preferences of affordable housing residents, so as to complete the network of public space, promote the interaction and communication of residents in the residential area, enhance the residents’ experience of using public space and improve the living standard of residents in the residential area.