Mismatched Liberation Theory: A Comparative Method to Explain Increasing Female Crime Share in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 155708512199321
Author(s):  
Ting Wang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crime Reporting ◽  
Female Crime ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Property Crimes ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Uniform Crime Reporting ◽  
Reporting Data

In this paper, I propose a new theory that ascribes the increasing female crime share to unequal emancipatory advancement between women’s ideological aspirations and institutional means in modern times. Accordingly, it is proposed that an incommensurate pace in progression inflicts gender-specific deprivation on women, which increases their share of crime. The theory is tested with Uniform Crime Reporting data from 1980 to 2017 across offense types. The findings indicate that mismatched liberation increases the female share of violent and property crimes, especially for adult cohorts and among samples after 1988 when women’s ends-means gap was found to be enlarged.

The Validity of Robbery-Murder Classifications in Baltimore

1986 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Loftin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Replication Study ◽  
Crime Reporting ◽  
High Level ◽  
Uniform Crime Reporting

The most widely used source of nationwide data on homicide in the United States is the Supplementary Homicide Report (SHR) data compiled by the FBI as part of its Uniform Crime Reporting System. This paper describes a study of the reliability of robbery-murder classifications by the SHR for Baltimore, Maryland during 1983. The research is exploratory, but indicates a high level of inconsistency in the data. Of the 42 cases that were classified as robbery murders by the SHR or the replication study, only 20 were classified that way in both studies. The high level of unreliability can be attributed to three major problems: (1) the SHR codes are mutually exclusive, but many homicides could be placed in several of the categories; (2) there are few systematic rules for classifying ambiguously motivated homicides; and (3) the SHR placed too many cases in the “unknown” category. It appears that the reliability of the coding could be increased substantially with relatively minor changes in the procedures currently used.

scholarly journals Ewolucja instytucji sędziów pokoju w Stanach Zjednoczonych

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Ewa Gmurzyńska
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
American Democracy ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Justices Of The Peace ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The U.S

<p class="Normalny1">This article presents a history and development of the institution of justices of the peace in the United States from the beginning of formation of American democracy until modern times. It presents jurisdiction, the scope of the activities and the role of justices of the peace in several states through different periods of times. It includes a thorough discussion concerning pros and cons of justices of the peace in the U.S. legal system and general tendency of declining the institution of justices of the peace in modern times. The article includes also a discussion of the major court decisions concerning justices of the peace.</p>

Castration anxiety, COVID-19 and the extremist right

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Leeb
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Psychoanalytic Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Castration Anxiety

In this article, I draw on Theodor W. Adorno’s psychoanalytically inspired works on (neo-)fascism and psychoanalytic theory to outline the threat of castration in contemporary capitalist societies on economic, interpersonal and bodily levels. I then explain how the COVID-19 pandemic has heightened people’s castration anxieties on all three levels in a class- and gender-specific way. Finally, I expose how the right extremist president of the United States, Donald Trump, and the right extremist leader of the Austrian Freedom Party, Norbert Hofer, utilised castration anxieties in their psychologically oriented tricks to strengthen their base and capture new followers.<br /><br />Key messages<br /><ul><li>Outlines castration anxieties prevalent in capitalism.</li><br /><li>It shows how the pandemic heightened castration anxieties.</li><br /><li>Discusses how the extremist right utilized castration anxieties to catch followers.</li></ul>

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