Édipo e Castração: Aspectos atinentes a constituição do sujeito / Oedipus and Castration: Aspects related to the constitution of the subject

Resumo: O Complexo de Édipo é um processo constitutivo de todo sujeito, por meio do qual será desenvolvida sua estruturação psíquica, já que o conflito edipiano fica registrado no inconsciente de toda criança e persiste até o fim da vida. Vale lembrar que ao longo de seu desenvolvimento, o ego da criança vai sendo preparado para a castração por meio das diversas perdas que vai sofrendo, como o ventre da mãe, o seio materno e suas próprias fezes, surge então à ansiedade de castração que é justamente o medo de ser separado de um objeto valioso. O ensaio que se inscreve através de uma revisão bibliográfica visa discorrer sobre o Complexo de Édipo e a castração como aspectos atinentes a constituição do sujeito. A pesquisa trata-se de um estudo de natureza bibliográfica, com uma abordagem qualitativa e de cunho exploratório. Compreendemos através da pesquisa que o Complexo de Édipo assim como a castração tem sido cada vez mais pesquisado, no entanto, o que se percebe é que muitos estudos têm abordado esta temática sobre várias perspectivas, mas o que chama atenção é que ainda notam-se muitas divergências quanto ao assunto. Destarte, para nós da psicanálise é muito importante compreender esses conceitos fundamentais que foram nos colocado não só de compreensão por meio da psicanálise e através da ideia de Freud mais também por teóricos como Lacan que fez um retorno ao trabalho de Freud.Palavras-chave: Psicanálise; Complexo de Édipo. Castração; Criança. Abstract: The Oedipus Complex is a constitutive process of every subject, through which its psychic structure will be developed since the oedipal conflict is registered in the unconscious of every child and persists until the end of life. It is worth remembering that throughout its development, the child's ego is being prepared for castration through the various losses it suffers, such as the mother's womb, the mother's breast, and her own feces, then the castration anxiety that is just the fear of being separated from a valuable object. The essay that is inscribed through a literature review aims to discuss the Oedipus Complex and castration as aspects related to the constitution of the subject. The research is a bibliographical study, with a qualitative and exploratory approach. We understand through the research that the Oedipus Complex as well as castration has been increasingly researched, however, what is perceived is that many studies have addressed this issue from various perspectives, but what draws attention is that it is still noticed. many disagreements on the subject. Thus, for us in psychoanalysis it is very important to understand these fundamental concepts that were brought to us not only through psychoanalysis and through Freud's idea, but also by theorists such as Lacan who made a return to Freud's work. Keywords: Psychoanalysis. Oedipus complex. Castration. Kid.

Hysteric Woman: A Study on The Yellow Wallpaper

In an unquestionably patriarchal society, women who dissent, who had a voice of her own, one with strong affiliations towards social change were labelled as hysteric and mad. Their symptoms were thoughtfulness, deviation from social behavior, tendency to shout and express one’s emotion, even getting angry were considered as symptoms of hysteria. A hysteric woman is a hopeless woman, the lost one; who needs to be locked up in an attic. The men had two extreme approaches towards these conditions. They either treated women as fragile beings, who need to be cared and nurtured under the protection of men. Or they termed “women with disease” as monstrous, insane, dangerous and despicable beings. These two approaches were unhealthy and were designed to preserve the superiority of masculine self over the feminine. These tags which were labelled on women came from their existential fear; ‘the castration anxiety’.

Anxiety—genuine or spurious?

In this essay I use contemporary accounts, often journalistic, of the extremely anxious condition that young adults, “quarter lifers,” appear to be suffering in large numbers. Their anxiety is often characterized by a paralyzing inability to accomplish the most trivial seeming tasks, while nonetheless working successfully at their jobs. They express bitter disappointments about the state of their lives, when their dreams—framed largely by their parents—have failed to materialize. Why this rise in anxiety— not only in the numbers of diagnoses and treatments we are now seeing—but in young adults’ experience of it as a semi-permanent condition? The answer lies in Freud’s somewhat difficult 1925 essay, “Inhibitions, Symptoms and Anxiety,” in which Freud links anxietywith “animal phobias” and “agoraphobias.” Unlike with the other two neurotic indicators (inhibitions and symptoms), anxiety is not an unconscious repression of enjoyment. Instead anxiety stages a unique reenactment of both Oedipus and castration anxiety simultaneously: the anxious person is pulled by contrary impulses, wanting to earn the Father’s love by giving up Oedipal desires (out of fear of castration by the Father), and a unique return of Oedipus (desire to possess the Mother by wishing their Father dead). Freud’s example is Little Hans, he of the horse phobia. The agoraphobia of today’s young adults is prime example of anxiety as the psychical inability to leave home or live their life outside their parents’ restrictive and narrow version of what their child’s life “ought to be.”

Castration anxiety, COVID-19 and the extremist right

In this article, I draw on Theodor W. Adorno’s psychoanalytically inspired works on (neo-)fascism and psychoanalytic theory to outline the threat of castration in contemporary capitalist societies on economic, interpersonal and bodily levels. I then explain how the COVID-19 pandemic has heightened people’s castration anxieties on all three levels in a class- and gender-specific way. Finally, I expose how the right extremist president of the United States, Donald Trump, and the right extremist leader of the Austrian Freedom Party, Norbert Hofer, utilised castration anxieties in their psychologically oriented tricks to strengthen their base and capture new followers.<br /><br />Key messages<br /><ul><li>Outlines castration anxieties prevalent in capitalism.</li><br /><li>It shows how the pandemic heightened castration anxieties.</li><br /><li>Discusses how the extremist right utilized castration anxieties to catch followers.</li></ul>

Quantum Analysis of Either-or Questioning Leading to Improve Underdeveloped Ego Autonomy in Early Adolescence: Using the Psychoanalytic Systems Theory

Therapeutic development in an early adolescent with underdeveloped ego autonomy was achieved by presenting either-or questions. This study investigated the process of developing the either-or questions, which leads to developing a personality structure based on the psychoanalytic systems (PAS) theory. PAS theory attempts to understand changes in personality functions in psychoanalysis from quantum-mechanical perspectives. By using the PAS theory, mechanical variables were extracted. The results of the analysis indicated eight stages: (1)Preservation of narcissistic space through either-or questioning; (2)Either-or questioning and the demand for a mark of victory; The client drives the therapist into active-aggressive oedipal victory space; (3)The therapist Th falls for the trap and drives Cl to a need for oedipal victory through Freudian “negation” dynamics; (4)Clarifying castration anxiety; (5)Immobilization of "here and now" boundaries; (6)Releasing the micro quantum world; (7)Clarifying fluctuation of ego autonomy; and (8) Allowance of oedipal self (life) and castrated self (death) due to uncertainty relation; Experiencing being Schrödinger's cat. Thus, the birth mechanisms of either-or questioning were reconstructed, and the mechanisms of modifying and improving underdeveloped ego autonomy through either-or questions were identified.

Quantum Analysis of Either-or Questioning Leading to Improve Underdeveloped Ego Autonomy in Early Adolescence: Using the Psychoanalytic Systems Theory

Therapeutic development in an early adolescent with underdeveloped ego autonomy was achieved by presenting either-or questions. This study investigated the process of developing the either-or questions, which leads to developing a personality structure based on the psychoanalytic systems (PAS) theory. PAS theory attempts to understand changes in personality functions in psychoanalysis from quantum-mechanical perspectives. By using the PAS theory, mechanical variables were extracted. The results of the analysis indicated eight stages: (1)Preservation of narcissistic space through either-or questioning; (2)Either-or questioning and the demand for a mark of victory; The client drives the therapist into active-aggressive oedipal victory space; (3)The therapist Th falls for the trap and drives Cl to a need for oedipal victory through Freudian “negation” dynamics; (4)Clarifying castration anxiety; (5)Immobilization of "here and now" boundaries; (6)Releasing the micro quantum world; (7)Clarifying fluctuation of ego autonomy; and (8) Allowance of oedipal self (life) and castrated self (death) due to uncertainty relation; Experiencing being Schrödinger's cat. Thus, the birth mechanisms of either-or questioning were reconstructed, and the mechanisms of modifying and improving underdeveloped ego autonomy through either-or questions were identified.

Penile trauma and genital exhibitionism: from castration anxiety to verbal

In this clinical report, the author describes the case of an eighteen-year-old, intellectually disabled man who committed multiple acts of genital exhibitionism. The patient attended psychoanalytically orientated psychotherapy for a period of fourteen months, during which time he revealed an important traumatic experience, which he had never verbalised previously. This confession helped both parties to develop a much clearer understanding of the origin of the symptomatic enactment. The author discusses the ways in which the verbal inhibitions of disabled patients often render such individuals more susceptible to criminal offences, and he underscores that psychotherapy, specifically forensic disability psychotherapy, provides an opportunity to work through prior traumata and thus contribute to the prevention of future illegal activities.