Venous status ulcers due to congenital agenesis of the inferior vena cava in a 16-year-old male

We report a case of agenesis of the infrarenal inferior vena cava in a 16-year-old male presenting with venous stasis dermatitis and ulceration in the gaiter region bilaterally. Duplex imaging was performed revealing absence of infrarenal inferior vena cava and iliofemoral venous system. Magnetic resonance venography then confirmed the above findings along with revealing extensive lumbar and pelvic collateralization. This patient’s condition has been successfully managed conservatively with compression therapy and wound care. This case is a rare example of a congenital malformation of the inferior vena cava and represents the only reported case with presenting symptoms of venous stasis ulceration in a pediatric patient.

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A comparison of magnetic resonance venography findings and venous occlusion plethysmography variables in postthrombotic syndrome

Vascular ◽

10.1177/1708538116689352 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 406-411

Author(s):

Lena Blomgren ◽

Jan Engström ◽

Stefan Rosfors

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Medical Records ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Venous Occlusion ◽

Magnetic Resonance Venography ◽

Venous Occlusion Plethysmography ◽

Postthrombotic Syndrome ◽

Venous Function

Objective The relation between venous morphology and venous function in postthrombotic syndrome is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to compare obstruction and collateralization as seen with magnetic resonance venography with variables of venous occlusion plethysmography in patients with postthrombotic syndrome. Methods Medical records, magnetic resonance venography and venous occlusion plethysmography data were analyzed in 28 patients (33 legs). Magnetic resonance venography images were scored for degree of obstruction and collateralization in segments of pelvic and abdominal veins and correlated to venous occlusion plethysmography data. Results Obstruction of the inferior vena cava correlated with an overall increase of collaterals ( p < 0.001). The summary scores of collaterals or obstructions did not correlate with venous occlusion plethysmography variables. Relative expelled volume at 4 s correlated inversely with obstruction of the inferior vena cava ( p = 0.045) and vertebral collateralization ( p = 0.033). Conclusions Modest correlations were found between magnetic resonance venography scores and venous occlusion plethysmography variables. Prospective studies with refined scoring and magnetic resonance venography techniques may increase our knowledge further.

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Effect of Lateral Tilt Angle on the Volume of the Abdominal Aorta and Inferior Vena Cava in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women Determined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/aln.0000000000000553 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 122 (2) ◽

pp. 286-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Hideyuki Higuchi ◽

Shunichi Takagi ◽

Kan Zhang ◽

Ikue Furui ◽

Makoto Ozaki

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Abdominal Aorta ◽

Supine Position ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Lateral Tilt ◽

The Right

Abstract Background: Left-lateral tilt position is used to reduce assumed aortocaval compression by the pregnant uterus. Methods: Magnetic resonance images of 10 singleton parturients at full term and 10 healthy nonpregnant women were obtained for measurement of the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava volume between the L1–L2 disk and L3–L4 disk levels in both the supine and left-lateral tilt positions (15°, 30°, and 45°) maintained by insertion of a 1.5-m-long polyethylene foam placed under the right side of the parturient’s body. Results: Aortic volume did not differ significantly between parturients and nonpregnant women in the supine position (12.7 ± 2.0 vs.12.6 ± 2.1 ml, mean ± SD; mean difference, –0.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], −2.0 to 1.9; P = 0.95). Inferior vena cava volume in the supine position was significantly lower in parturients than in nonpregnant women (3.2 ± 3.4 vs.17.5 ± 7.8 ml; mean difference, 14.3; 95% CI, 8.3–20.2; P < 0.001). Aortic volume in parturients did not differ among left-lateral tilt positions. Inferior vena cava volume in the parturients was not increased at 15° (3.0 ± 2.1 ml; mean difference, −0.2; 95% CI, −1.5 to 1.2; P > 0.99), but was significantly increased at 30° (11.5 ± 8.6 ml; mean difference, 8.3; 95% CI, 2.3–14.2; P = 0.009) and 45° (10.9 ± 6.8 ml; mean difference, 7.7; 95% CI, 2.2–13.1; P = 0.015). Conclusions: In parturients, the aorta was not compressed, and a 15° left-lateral tilt position did not effectively reduce inferior vena cava compression.

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Simulated thoracic aortic dissection on magnetic resonance in a patient with interruption of the inferior vena cava

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/0007-1285-68-808-425 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 68 (808) ◽

pp. 425-427 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R M Savit ◽

R A Panico

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Aortic Dissection ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Thoracic Aortic Dissection

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Endovascular iliocaval reconstruction for the treatment of iliocaval thrombosis: From imaging to intervention

Vascular Medicine ◽

10.1177/1358863x18754695 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 267-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Anthony N Hage ◽

Ravi N Srinivasa ◽

Steven D Abramowitz ◽

Kyle J Cooper ◽

Minhaj S Khaja ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Venous Stasis ◽

Significant Morbidity ◽

Stent Patency ◽

Common Cause ◽

Technical Considerations

Thrombosis of the inferior vena cava and iliac veins, known as iliocaval thrombosis, is a common cause of significant morbidity. Patients with chronic iliocaval obstruction often present with life-limiting occlusive symptoms secondary to recurrent lower extremity deep venous thrombosis, swelling, pain, venous stasis ulcers, or phlegmasia. Endovascular iliocaval reconstruction is a technically successful procedure that results in favorable clinical outcomes and stent patency rates with few complications and is often able to relieve debilitating symptoms in affected patients. This review presents an approach to endovascular iliocaval stent reconstruction in patients suffering from chronic iliocaval thrombosis, including background, patient selection, timing of intervention, procedural steps, technical considerations, patient follow-up, and a brief review of outcomes. Schematic illustrations and clinical cases outlining iliocaval stent reconstruction and crossing chronic venous occlusions have been provided.

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