Pilomatrixoma of the head and neck: Typical presentation of a rare lesion

Pilomatrixomas are benign tumours of primitive hair follicles, usually presenting as painless lumps in the head and neck region in children. As they are uncommon, they are often misdiagnosed clinically. We discuss a case of a five-year-old boy presenting with a five-month history of a pre-auricular lump. The initial clinical differential diagnosis was of a dermoid or a branchial cleft cyst. However, on ultrasonography the lesion was typical of a pilomatrixoma. The imaging literature is reviewed to illustrate the sonographic appearances of pilomatrixomas.

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Intraorbital Tumours, Schwannoma, Neurofibroma

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2020/625 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (50) ◽

pp. 3067-3069

Author(s):

Vasu Reddy Challa ◽

Ajay Chanakya Vallabhaneni ◽

Baleswari G ◽

Vinusha Reddy Basi Reddy

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Region ◽

Neurofibromatosis Type ◽

Autonomic Nerve ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Cystic Changes ◽

History Of ◽

Benign Tumours ◽

Orbital Tumours

Schwannomas are rare benign tumours arising from neuroectodermal Schwann cells. They can arise from cranial, intraspinal, peripheral and autonomic nerve sheaths. Schwannomas represent 1 - 8 % of head and neck tumours. They constitute 25 – 40 % of extracranial tumours in head and neck region.1 Among the schwannomas arising in head and neck region those arising intraorbitally are very rare. The most common benign intra orbital tumours are haemangiomas. They can arise as localised forms or in association with Neurofibromatosis-1 (NF1). In patients with neurofibromatosis-type 1 or in patients with family history of NF, the risk of developing orbital schwannoma is 1.5 %. Schwannomas constitute 1 - 6.5 % of intra orbital tumours.2-6 Of these tumours those undergoing cystic changes are still rare. The most common cystic lesions in the orbit are dermoid cysts or mucoceles.

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Myeloid Sarcoma of the Head and Neck Region

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/arpa.2012-0537-oa ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 137 (11) ◽

pp. 1560-1568 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Jane Zhou ◽

Diana Bell ◽

L. Jeffrey Medeiros

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Neck Region ◽

Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽

Myeloid Sarcoma ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Bone Marrow Disease ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

History Of ◽

High Degree

Context.—Myeloid sarcoma of the head and neck region can pose diagnostic challenges because of the low frequency of myeloid sarcoma and the potential for tumors of almost any lineage to occur in the head and neck. Objective.—To study the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of myeloid sarcoma in the head and neck region and to review the differential diagnosis. Design.—We searched for cases of myeloid sarcoma involving the head and neck region for a 24-year period at our institution. The medical records and pathology slides were reviewed. Additional immunohistochemical stains were performed. Results.—We identified 17 patients, age 17 to 85 years. Most tumors involved the oral cavity. Myeloid sarcoma was the initial diagnosis in 9 patients (53%); the remaining 8 patients (47%) had a history of bone marrow disease. Immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies specific for lysozyme, CD43, and CD68 were highly sensitive for diagnosis but were not specific. By contrast, assessment for myeloperoxidase in this study was less sensitive but more specific. We also used antibodies specific for CD11c and CD33 in a subset of cases, and these reagents seem helpful as well. Conclusions.—The clinical presentation of myeloid sarcoma involving the head and neck, particularly the mouth, is often nonspecific, and a high degree of suspicion for the possibility of myeloid sarcoma is needed. Immunohistochemistry is very helpful for establishing the diagnosis.

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TMJ pain as a presentation of metastatic breast cancer to the right mandibular condyle

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2021-241601 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. e241601

Author(s):

Victor Ken On Chang ◽

Samuel Thambar

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Cancer Metastasis ◽

Mandibular Condyle ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Neck Region ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

History Of ◽

The Right

Cancer metastasis to the oral and maxillofacial region is uncommon, and metastasis to the mandibular condyle is considered rare. We present a case of a 56-year-old woman with a history of invasive ductal cell carcinoma of the right breast, 10 years in remission, presenting with a 6-month history of symptoms typical of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. Imaging revealed an osteolytic lesion of her right TMJ and subsequent open biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer. Despite the rarity of metastatic cancer to the head and neck region, it is still important for clinicians from both medical and dental backgrounds to consider this differential diagnosis, particularly in patients with a history of hormonal positive subtype of breast cancer. Given that bony metastasis can manifest even 10 years after initial diagnosis, surveillance which includes examination of the head and neck region is important, and may include routine plain-film imaging surveillance with an orthopantomogram (OPG).

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Grisel’s Syndrome: A Rare Complication following Adenotonsillectomy

Case Reports in Otolaryngology ◽

10.1155/2014/703021 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Abdulkadir Bucak ◽

Sahin Ulu ◽

Abdullah Aycicek ◽

Emre Kacar ◽

Murat Cem Miman

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Rare Complication ◽

Neck Region ◽

Neck Surgery ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Grisel’S Syndrome ◽

History Of ◽

Or History

Grisel’s syndrome is a nontraumatic atlantoaxial subluxation which is usually secondary of an infection or an inflammation at the head and neck region. It can be observed after surgery of head and neck region. Etiopathogenesis has not been clearly described yet, but increased looseness of paraspinal ligament is thought to be responsible. Patients typically present with painful torticollis. Diagnosis of Grisel’s syndrome is largely based on suspicion of the patient who has recently underwent surgery or history of infection in head and neck region. Physical examination and imaging techniques assist in diagnosis. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of acute nontraumatic torticollis after recently applied the head and neck surgery or undergone upper respiratory tract infection. In this paper, a case of an eight-year-old male patient who had Grisel’s syndrome after adenotonsillectomy is discussed with review of the literature.

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Diagnostic dilemmas of head and neck tuberculosis: our experience and review of literature

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20201690 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 934

Author(s):

Pallavi Pavithran ◽

Mahesh S. G.

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽

Neck Region ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Nodal Disease ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

History Of ◽

Tuberculous Otitis Media ◽

High Index Of Suspicion

Background: The aim of the study was to highlight the varied and changing presentations of head and neck tuberculosis, discuss the difficulties in diagnosis and treatment.Methods: This was a 5 years retrospective analysis of patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) of the head and neck region. Results: 43 patients with EPTB were studied. Most had cervical lymphadenopathy (35), 9 had laryngeal, 7 tuberculous otitis media, and one patient each of PNS, oropharyngeal and retropharyngeal involvement. 8 patients had pulmonary TB, 2 had Potts spine, and 5 gave history of previous TB. FNAC was effective in nodal disease, PPD test positive in 20% and HPE was used to make the diagnosis in other types.Conclusions: TB is re-emerging as a significant cause of morbidity. Diagnosing EPTB requires high index of suspicion. Cervical lymphadenopathy is the commonest presentation, followed by larynx, and then ear. FNAC is a reliable and convenient way to diagnose lymphadenopathy. Hitopathological examination needed for confirmation, and for other sites. Further investigations are needed to exclude pulmonary or systemic TB. All patients should be categorised into proper category of anti-tuberculous treatment (ATT) and treated according to ATT regimen.

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Castleman Disease of the Parotid Gland: A Report of a Case

Case Reports in Otolaryngology ◽

10.1155/2015/265187 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fawaz Abo-Alhassan ◽

Fatemah Faras ◽

Jassem Bastaki ◽

Mutlaq K. Al-Sihan

Keyword(s):

Parotid Gland ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽

Neck Region ◽

Excisional Biopsy ◽

Castleman Disease ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Common Site ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

History Of

Castleman disease is an extremely rare benign lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology. It affects the lymphatic chain in anybody region, although the commonest site is the mediastinum. The head and neck region is the second most common site; however, the salivary glands are rarely affected. We report a case of a 29-year-old Asian lady who presented with a 2-year history of an enlarging left parotid mass. Histopathology of the excisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Castleman disease.

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Intramuscular haemangioma of head and neck region

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215100142859 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 112 (12) ◽

pp. 1199-1201 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Neena Chaudhary ◽

Anurag Jain ◽

Sanjay Gudwani ◽

Rajeev Kapoor ◽

Gul Motwani

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Natural History ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Region ◽

Sternocleidomastoid Muscle ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

History Of ◽

Intramuscular Haemangioma

AbstractIntramuscular haemangiomas are rare benign haemangiomas occurring within the skeletal muscle. These are uncommon tumours in the head and neck region and occur most frequently on the trunk and extremities. Fewer than 80 cases of intra-muscular haemangioma in the head and neck region have been reported in the literature.A case of intramuscular haemangioma of the sternocleidomastoid muscle is presented. The review of occurrence and natural history of such tumours is described and clinical and radiological presentation, histological classifications and treatment modalities are discussed.

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Intramuscular Hemangioma of the Head and Neck

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459989310800103 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 108 (1) ◽

pp. 18-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

James L. Rossiter ◽

Robert A. Hendrix ◽

Lawrence W.C. Tom ◽

William P. Potsic

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Region ◽

Vital Role ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Intramuscular Hemangioma ◽

History Of ◽

Frequent Site ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Intramuscular hemangiomas (IMH) are uncommon tumors in the head and neck region, occurring most often in the trunk and extremities. Preoperative misdiagnosis is common because of the deep location of these tumors. Ten recent cases of head and neck IMH are presented, five of which involve the masseter muscle-the most frequent site of involvement in the head and neck. Masseter IMH occurred almost exclusively in the pediatric age group. The clinical presentation, radiographic and histologic findings, treatment, complications, and outcome of these patients are presented. The vital role of preoperative diagnosis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is discussed, as well as a review of the natural history of IMH and indications for surgical intervention.

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Cervical bronchogenic cysts in head and neck region: review of the literature

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1258/0022215054273188 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 119 (6) ◽

pp. 419-423 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Emre Ustundag ◽

Mete Iseri ◽

Gurkan Keskin ◽

Berna Yayla ◽

Bahar Muezzinoglu

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Region ◽

Tracheobronchial Tree ◽

Neck Swelling ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Thymic Cysts ◽

Branchial Cleft ◽

Bronchogenic Cysts ◽

Congenital Cysts

Congenital cysts of the neck are not uncommon. Most of these are thyroglossal, branchial cleft and thymic cysts. Bronchogenic cysts are uncommon developmental anomalies of the tracheobronchial tree and rarely occur in the neck. More than 70 cases of bronchogenic cysts in the head and neck region have been reported in the literature. We report three cases presenting with neck swelling in the hyoid region that were diagnosed as bronchogenic cysts based on clinical and histopathological findings.

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Report of a Rare Case of Carcinoma Arising in a Branchial Cyst

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/014556131409300901 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 93 (9) ◽

pp. E4-E6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Natarajan Anantharajan ◽

Nagamuttu Ravindranathan

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Rare Case ◽

Neck Region ◽

Rare Condition ◽

Branchial Cleft Cyst ◽

Careful Evaluation ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Cystic Metastasis ◽

Branchial Cleft ◽

The Right

Primary branchiogenic carcinoma is a rare condition. In fact, most of the cases that were previously reported as such were actually cystic metastases of oropharyngeal carcinomas. We report a true case of primary branchial cleft cyst carcinoma. Our patient was a 42-year-old woman who presented with a painless fluctuant swelling in the right side of her neck. The lesion was completely excised, and pathology identified it as a squamous cell carcinoma in a branchial cleft cyst. Patients with this condition require a careful evaluation of the entire head and neck region, especially the oropharynx, to look for any cystic metastasis of the primary tumor.

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