scholarly journals Diagnostic dilemmas of head and neck tuberculosis: our experience and review of literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Pallavi Pavithran ◽  
Mahesh S. G.
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Nodal Disease ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tuberculous Otitis Media ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study was to highlight the varied and changing presentations of head and neck tuberculosis, discuss the difficulties in diagnosis and treatment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a 5 years retrospective analysis of patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) of the head and neck region.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 43 patients with EPTB were studied. Most had cervical lymphadenopathy (35), 9 had laryngeal, 7 tuberculous otitis media, and one patient each of PNS, oropharyngeal and retropharyngeal involvement. 8 patients had pulmonary TB, 2 had Potts spine, and 5 gave history of previous TB. FNAC was effective in nodal disease, PPD test positive in 20% and HPE was used to make the diagnosis in other types.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> TB is re-emerging as a significant cause of morbidity. Diagnosing EPTB requires high index of suspicion. Cervical lymphadenopathy is the commonest presentation, followed by larynx, and then ear. FNAC is a reliable and convenient way to diagnose lymphadenopathy. Hitopathological examination needed for confirmation, and for other sites. Further investigations are needed to exclude pulmonary or systemic TB. All patients should be categorised into proper category of anti-tuberculous treatment (ATT) and treated according to ATT regimen.</p>

Myeloid Sarcoma of the Head and Neck Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 137 (11) ◽  
pp. 1560-1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Zhou ◽  
Diana Bell ◽  
L. Jeffrey Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Bone Marrow Disease ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree

Context.—Myeloid sarcoma of the head and neck region can pose diagnostic challenges because of the low frequency of myeloid sarcoma and the potential for tumors of almost any lineage to occur in the head and neck. Objective.—To study the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of myeloid sarcoma in the head and neck region and to review the differential diagnosis. Design.—We searched for cases of myeloid sarcoma involving the head and neck region for a 24-year period at our institution. The medical records and pathology slides were reviewed. Additional immunohistochemical stains were performed. Results.—We identified 17 patients, age 17 to 85 years. Most tumors involved the oral cavity. Myeloid sarcoma was the initial diagnosis in 9 patients (53%); the remaining 8 patients (47%) had a history of bone marrow disease. Immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies specific for lysozyme, CD43, and CD68 were highly sensitive for diagnosis but were not specific. By contrast, assessment for myeloperoxidase in this study was less sensitive but more specific. We also used antibodies specific for CD11c and CD33 in a subset of cases, and these reagents seem helpful as well. Conclusions.—The clinical presentation of myeloid sarcoma involving the head and neck, particularly the mouth, is often nonspecific, and a high degree of suspicion for the possibility of myeloid sarcoma is needed. Immunohistochemistry is very helpful for establishing the diagnosis.

TMJ pain as a presentation of metastatic breast cancer to the right mandibular condyle

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e241601
Author(s):  
Victor Ken On Chang ◽  
Samuel Thambar
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Cancer metastasis to the oral and maxillofacial region is uncommon, and metastasis to the mandibular condyle is considered rare. We present a case of a 56-year-old woman with a history of invasive ductal cell carcinoma of the right breast, 10 years in remission, presenting with a 6-month history of symptoms typical of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. Imaging revealed an osteolytic lesion of her right TMJ and subsequent open biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer. Despite the rarity of metastatic cancer to the head and neck region, it is still important for clinicians from both medical and dental backgrounds to consider this differential diagnosis, particularly in patients with a history of hormonal positive subtype of breast cancer. Given that bony metastasis can manifest even 10 years after initial diagnosis, surveillance which includes examination of the head and neck region is important, and may include routine plain-film imaging surveillance with an orthopantomogram (OPG).

scholarly journals Pilomatrixoma of the head and neck: Typical presentation of a rare lesion

Ultrasound ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
Mert Sirakaya ◽  
Sanjay Vydianath
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Branchial Cleft Cyst ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rare Lesion ◽  
Branchial Cleft ◽  
Clinical Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Benign Tumours

Pilomatrixomas are benign tumours of primitive hair follicles, usually presenting as painless lumps in the head and neck region in children. As they are uncommon, they are often misdiagnosed clinically. We discuss a case of a five-year-old boy presenting with a five-month history of a pre-auricular lump. The initial clinical differential diagnosis was of a dermoid or a branchial cleft cyst. However, on ultrasonography the lesion was typical of a pilomatrixoma. The imaging literature is reviewed to illustrate the sonographic appearances of pilomatrixomas.

scholarly journals The role of immunohistochemistry for diagnosing undifferentiated malignancy in the head and neck region

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sowkat Hossain ◽  
S M Mahbubul Alam ◽  
Sk Md Jaynul Islam ◽  
Wasim Selimul Haque ◽  
Shamoli Yasmin
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Head And Neck Region

Background: Undifferentiated tumours in the head and neck region are not uncommon. They can arise from different sites like in mucosa as well as in salivary glands, soft tissues or lymph nodes. Histopathological examination plays a central role in the diagnosis but difficulties arise with some tumours which are poorlydifferentiated due to their high inter- and intra-observer variability. In those cases, immunohistochemistry has greatly assisted to diagnose the tumours that cannot be accurately identified using routine histopathological procedures. The correct histopathological diagnosis is essential especially in case of malignant tumourwhere subsequent specific therapy is required. The aim of this study was to determine the role of immunohistochemistry for diagnosing undifferentiated malignancy in the head and neck region. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during July 2014 to June 2015. A total of 35 Bangladeshi patient’s specimens of head and neck swelling were collected from two renowned laboratories in Dhaka city.These cases were diagnosed as undifferentiated tumour in histopathological examination.Standard protocol was followed for immunohistochemistry.Then primary immunohistochemical panel which included the markers for Epithelial CK (AE1/AE3),mesenchymal marker (Vimentin) and lymphoid marker (LCA) were used.The cases which were not resolved by primary immunohistochemistry panel, the second panel was applied for further sub classification (Desmin, Chromogranin, CK20, CEA, CD20, CD30, HMB45, NSE). Based on interpretation of immunohistochemical findings final diagnoses were made.Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows version 22.0 (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Results: A total of 35 undifferentiated tumorsof head-neck region were studied.The mean age was 46.3±17.6 years and male to female ratio was 4.8:1. The majority 13 (37.1%) patient had cervical lymphadenopathy, 11 (31.4%) had neck mass and 4(11.4%) had in nasal/sinonasal mass.Regarding histopathologicalcell types, round cell was 21 (60.0%), spindle cell 6 (17.1%), pleomorphic cells 6(17.1%) and epithelioid cells 2(5.7%). In initial histopathological examination, majority 25(71.4%) were undifferentiated malignant neoplasm, 8(22.8%) were metastatic undifferentiated carcinoma, 1(2.9%) was pleomorphic sarcoma and the remaining 1(2.9%) had malignant adnexal tumour. By application of immunohistochemistry, most (33, 94.3%) of the cases were resolved and the two cases remained unresolved. Among the resolved cases majority (15, 45.5%) were lymphoma, 4(12.1%) were metastatic carcinoma, 3(9.1%) were Ewing’s sarcoma and malignant melanoma were found in 3(9.1%) cases. Conclusion: This study supports that the immunohistochemical technique has a fundamental role in the investigation of undifferentiated tumour origin, to determine the correct guidance for treatment and improving the prognosis for head and neck tumour patients. Birdem Med J 2020; 10(1): 48-53

scholarly journals Grisel’s Syndrome: A Rare Complication following Adenotonsillectomy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkadir Bucak ◽  
Sahin Ulu ◽  
Abdullah Aycicek ◽  
Emre Kacar ◽  
Murat Cem Miman
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Grisel’S Syndrome ◽  
History Of ◽  
Or History

Grisel’s syndrome is a nontraumatic atlantoaxial subluxation which is usually secondary of an infection or an inflammation at the head and neck region. It can be observed after surgery of head and neck region. Etiopathogenesis has not been clearly described yet, but increased looseness of paraspinal ligament is thought to be responsible. Patients typically present with painful torticollis. Diagnosis of Grisel’s syndrome is largely based on suspicion of the patient who has recently underwent surgery or history of infection in head and neck region. Physical examination and imaging techniques assist in diagnosis. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of acute nontraumatic torticollis after recently applied the head and neck surgery or undergone upper respiratory tract infection. In this paper, a case of an eight-year-old male patient who had Grisel’s syndrome after adenotonsillectomy is discussed with review of the literature.

scholarly journals LOW-GRADE MYOFIBROBLASTIC SARCOMA OF THE LARYNX: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 162-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Kordač ◽  
Dimitar Hadži Nikolov ◽  
Katarína Smatanová ◽  
David Kalfeřt
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Myofibroblastic Sarcoma ◽  
Male Predominance

Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (LGMS) is a very rare, atypical myofibroblastic tumor with fibromatosis-like features with predilection mostly in head and neck region. LGMS occurs primarily in adult patients with a slight male predominance. Only few cases of LGMS affecting the larynx have been reported in literature to this date. We describe a case of low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma of the larynx in a 40-year-old male patient. The clinicopathological characteristics, immunohistochemical findings and treatment are discussed.

scholarly journals Epidermoid Cysts of Head and Neck Region: Case Series and Review of Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sunil ◽  
Neetu Oommen ◽  
R Rathy ◽  
V. R Rekha ◽  
Divya Raj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Epidermoid Cysts

scholarly journals Epidermoid Cyst in the Lateral Eyebrow (Frontozygomatic Suture) Region and Review of Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 050-052
Author(s):  
Shetty Deepthi ◽  
Shetty Prashanth
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Epidermoid Cyst ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Epidermoid Cysts ◽  
Skin Appendages

AbstractEpidermoid cysts are non odontogenic, developmental pathologies occurring in the head and neck region with an incidence ranging from 1.6% to 6.9%. Ambiguity about their exact pathogenesis exists and several theories have been postulated. Histologically they have cystic capsule lined by squamous epithelium without skin appendages. We have described a case of an epidermoid cyst in the lateral eyebrow region and its effective management with a brief review of literature.

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